pascor
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *pāskōr (“I am fed, driven to pasture”) from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect, shepherd”), equivalent to the passive of pāscō. Late Latin pāscārī from change in conjugation of pāscī. Compare passive voice Ancient Greek ποιμαίνεσθαι (poimaínesthai, “to pasture, graze, feed”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpaːs.kor/, [ˈpäːs̠kɔr]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpas.kor/, [ˈpäskor]
Verb
pāscor (present infinitive pāscī, perfect active pāstus sum); third conjugation, deponent (Classical Latin)
pāscor (present infinitive pāscārī, perfect active pāstus sum); first conjugation, deponent (Late Latin, Vulgar Latin, Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin)
- to feed oneself; to eat
- Synonyms: adedō, edō, prandeō, vēscor, cēnō, cōnsūmō
- to graze, feed, nourish, pasture, browse; traverse, roam the pastures
- Synonyms: nūtriō, sagīnō, alō, pāscō, sustentō, foveō
- to eat up, consume, devour
- (figurative) to feast, nourish, satisfy, gratify, delight, enjoy oneself
- Synonyms: gaudeō, expleō
Conjugation
Classical Latin treated this verb as a third-conjugation verb, present infinitive pāscī:
| Conjugation of pāscor (third conjugation, deponent) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | pāscor | pāsceris, pāscere | pāscitur | pāscimur | pāsciminī | pāscuntur |
| imperfect | pāscēbar | pāscēbāris, pāscēbāre | pāscēbātur | pāscēbāmur | pāscēbāminī | pāscēbantur | |
| future | pāscar | pāscēris, pāscēre | pāscētur | pāscēmur | pāscēminī | pāscentur | |
| perfect | pāstus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | pāstus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | pāstus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | pāscar | pāscāris, pāscāre | pāscātur | pāscāmur | pāscāminī | pāscantur |
| imperfect | pāscerer | pāscerēris, pāscerēre | pāscerētur | pāscerēmur | pāscerēminī | pāscerentur | |
| perfect | pāstus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | pāstus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | pāscere | — | — | pāsciminī | — |
| future | — | pāscitor | pāscitor | — | — | pāscuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | pāscī | pāstum esse | pāstūrum esse | — | — | — | |
| participles | pāscēns | pāstus | pāstūrus | — | — | pāscendus, pāscundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| pāscendī | pāscendō | pāscendum | pāscendō | pāstum | pāstū | ||
(Can we verify(+) this sense?) From Late Latin onwards, it joined the first conjugation, present infinitive pāscārī:
| Conjugation of pāscor (first conjugation, deponent) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | pāscor | pāscāris, pāscāre | pāscātur | pāscāmur | pāscāminī | pāscantur |
| imperfect | pāscābar | pāscābāris, pāscābāre | pāscābātur | pāscābāmur | pāscābāminī | pāscābantur | |
| future | pāscābor | pāscāberis, pāscābere | pāscābitur | pāscābimur | pāscābiminī | pāscābuntur | |
| perfect | pāstus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | pāstus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | pāstus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | pāscer | pāscēris, pāscēre | pāscētur | pāscēmur | pāscēminī | pāscentur |
| imperfect | pāscārer | pāscārēris, pāscārēre | pāscārētur | pāscārēmur | pāscārēminī | pāscārentur | |
| perfect | pāstus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | pāstus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | pāscāre | — | — | pāscāminī | — |
| future | — | pāscātor | pāscātor | — | — | pāscantor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | pāscārī | pāstum esse | pāstūrum esse | — | — | — | |
| participles | pāscāns | pāstus | pāstūrus | — | — | pāscandus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| pāscandī | pāscandō | pāscandum | pāscandō | pāstum | pāstū | ||
Derived terms
- dēpāscor
- ēpāstus
Descendants
- Aromanian: pascu, pashtiri
- Asturian: pacer
- Catalan: péixer
- Corsican: pascia
- Dalmatian: puoscro
- English: pasture, repast
- French: paître
- Friulian: passi, paši
- Galician: pacer
- Italian: pascere
- Ladino: pastár (“פאסטאר”)
- Occitan: pàisser, pàsquer
- Portuguese: pascer
- Romanian: paște, paștere
- Sicilian: pàsciri, pasculari, pasculu
- Sardinian: paschere, paschi, pasci, pasciri, passere
- Spanish: pacer
- Venetian: pàser, pàsar
Verb
pāscor
- first-person singular present passive indicative of pāscō (“to feed, nourish, supply, maintain, support; to shepherd, drive to pasture, tend to as a pastor; to care for, cultivate, cherish”)
References
- “pascor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pascor”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- pascor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1122
- pascor in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, volume 2, 8th edition, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, column 1499
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to feast one's eyes with the sight of..: oculos pascere aliqua re (also simply pasci aliqua re)
- (ambiguous) to drive to pasture: pastum agere
- (ambiguous) to go to pasture: pastum ire
- (ambiguous) to feed a flock (of goats): pascere gregem
- (ambiguous) the herds are grazing: greges pascuntur (Verg. G. 3. 162)
- (ambiguous) to feast one's eyes with the sight of..: oculos pascere aliqua re (also simply pasci aliqua re)
- Stelten, Leo F. (1995) Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin: with an appendix of Latin expressions defined and clarified, 2nd 2003 edition, Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, →ISBN
Old French
Proper noun
pascor m (nominative singular pascors)
- Easter
Synonyms
- pasque
Old Occitan
Proper noun
pascor m (nominative singular pascors)
- Easter