parvus
Latin
Alternative forms
- parvos (normal Republican spelling)
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *pauros (“few, small”) with sonority hierarchy-related metathesis, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂urós, suffixed form of *peh₂w-. Cognate with Ancient Greek παῦρος (paûros), Old Armenian փոքր (pʿokʿr), and the Germanic cognates under Proto-Germanic *fawaz.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpar.u̯us/, [ˈpäru̯ʊs̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpar.vus/, [ˈpärvus]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Adjective
parvus (feminine parva, neuter parvum, comparative minor, superlative minimus); first/second-declension adjective
- small, little, puny.
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.205-208:
- prōspicit ā templō summum brevis ārea Circum,
est ibi nōn parvae parva columna notae:
hinc solet hastā manū bellī praenūntia mittī,
in rēgem et gentēs cum placet arma cāpī.- Visible from the temple [is] a short open space, [and] the summit of the Circus [Maximus]. There [stands] a small column of no small renown: From this place the custom is to hurl by hand a spear, foretelling of war against a king and his people, [when] it is proper [that] with arms [they are] to be taken.
(With a symbolic hurling of a spear – originally into enemy territory, later within Rome itself – a fetial gave formal declaration of war.)
- Visible from the temple [is] a short open space, [and] the summit of the Circus [Maximus]. There [stands] a small column of no small renown: From this place the custom is to hurl by hand a spear, foretelling of war against a king and his people, [when] it is proper [that] with arms [they are] to be taken.
- prōspicit ā templō summum brevis ārea Circum,
- Synonym: minutus
- Antonyms: grandis, magnus, adaequātus
- cheap, petty, trifling, ignorable, unimportant.
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | parvus | parva | parvum | parvī | parvae | parva | |
Genitive | parvī | parvae | parvī | parvōrum | parvārum | parvōrum | |
Dative | parvō | parvō | parvīs | ||||
Accusative | parvum | parvam | parvum | parvōs | parvās | parva | |
Ablative | parvō | parvā | parvō | parvīs | |||
Vocative | parve | parva | parvum | parvī | parvae | parva |
Noun
parvus m (genitive parvī); second declension
- child
- a parvo/ a parvis/ a parvolo ― since childhood
Declension
Second-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | parvus | parvī |
Genitive | parvī | parvōrum |
Dative | parvō | parvīs |
Accusative | parvum | parvōs |
Ablative | parvō | parvīs |
Vocative | parve | parvī |
Derived terms
- parvibibulus
- parvicollis
- parvifaciō
- parvipendō
- parvitās
- parvulus
- perparvus
- praeparvus
Related terms
- paucus
- paulus
- pauper
- puer
Descendants
Descendants of parvus in other languages
- Asturian: párvolu
- Galician: parvo
- Italian: parvo
- Spanish: parvo, párvulo
- Portuguese: parvo
- Romanian: pârv (possibly)
References
- “parvus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “parvus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- parvus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- parvus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- from youth up: a puero (is), a parvo (is), a parvulo (is)
- important results are often produced by trivial causes: ex parvis saepe magnarum rerum momenta pendent
- a deep, high, thin, moderate voice: vox gravis, acuta, parva, mediocris
- to be satisfied with a little: paucis, parvo contentum esse
- to buy cheaply: parvo, vili pretio or bene emere
- a thing costs much, little: aliquid magno, parvo stat, constat
- from youth up: a puero (is), a parvo (is), a parvulo (is)
- Online Latin dictionary, Olivetti