parir
Asturian
Etymology
From Latin parere, present active infinitive of pariō.
Verb
parir (first-person singular indicative present paro, past participle paríu)
- to give birth
- to make up; to think up
Conjugation
Conjugation of parir
| infinitive | parir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerundive | pariendo | ||||||
| participle | m paríu, f parida, n parío, m pl paríos, f pl paríes | ||||||
| person | first singular yo | second singular tu | third singular él/elli | first plural nosotros/nós | second plural vosotros/vós | third plural ellos | |
| indicative | present | paro | pares | pare | parimos | parís | paren |
| preterite imperfect | paría | paríes | paría | paríemos/paríamos | paríeis/paríais | paríen | |
| preterite indefinite | parí | pariesti/paristi | parió | pariemos/parimos | pariestis/paristis | parieron | |
| pluperfect | pariere/pariera | parieres/parieras | pariere/pariera | pariéremos/pariéramos | pariereis/parierais | parieren/parieran | |
| subjunctive | present | para | paras | para | paramos | paráis | paran |
| preterite imperfect | pariere/pariera | parieres/parieras | pariere/pariera | pariéremos/pariéramos | pariereis/parierais | parieren/parieran | |
| potential | future | pariré | parirás | parirá | pariremos | pariréis | parirán |
| conditional | pariría | pariríes | pariría | pariríemos/pariríamos | pariríeis/pariríais | pariríen | |
| imperative | pari | paríi | |||||
Related terms
- partu
Catalan
Etymology
From Latin parere, present active infinitive of pariō.
Verb
parir (first-person singular present pareixo, past participle parit)
- (transitive, intransitive) to give birth
- Synonym: donar a llum
- (transitive, colloquial) to make, think up
- Synonyms: crear, fer
- ben parit ― well thought out
Conjugation
Conjugation of parir (third conjugation with -eix- infix)
| infinitive | parir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | parint | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | parit | parida | |||||
| plural | parits | parides | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | pareixo | pareixes | pareix | parim | pariu | pareixen | |
| imperfect | paria | paries | paria | paríem | paríeu | parien | |
| future | pariré | pariràs | parirà | parirem | parireu | pariran | |
| preterite | parí | parires | parí | parírem | paríreu | pariren | |
| conditional | pariria | pariries | pariria | pariríem | pariríeu | paririen | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | pareixi | pareixis | pareixi | parim | pariu | pareixin | |
| imperfect | parís | parissis | parís | paríssim | paríssiu | parissin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | pareix | pareixi | parim | pariu | pareixin | ||
Related terms
- part
See also
- néixer
Further reading
- “parir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “parir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “parir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “parir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese parir (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin parere, present active infinitive of pariō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [paˈɾiɾ]
Verb
parir (first-person singular present pairo, first-person singular preterite parín, past participle parido)
- to give birth
- Synonym: dar a luz
- first/third-person singular future subjunctive of parir
- first/third-person singular personal infinitive of parir
Conjugation
Conjugation of parir (irregular)
| infinitive | parir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | parindo | ||||||
| past participle | singular | plural | |||||
| masculine | parido | paridos | |||||
| feminine | parida | paridas | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | eu | ti | el / ela / Vde. | nós | vós | eles / elas / Vdes. | |
| present | pairo | pares | pare | parimos | parides | paren | |
| imperfect | paría | parías | paría | pariamos | pariades | parían | |
| preterite | parín | pariches | pariu | parimos | paristes | pariron | |
| pluperfect | parira | pariras | parira | pariramos | parirades | pariran | |
| future | parirei | parirás | parirá | pariremos | pariredes | parirán | |
| conditional | pariría | parirías | pariría | paririamos | paririades | parirían | |
| subjunctive | eu | ti | el / ela / Vde. | nós | vós | eles / elas / Vdes. | |
| present | paira | pairas | paira | pairamos | pairades | pairan | |
| preterite | parise | parises | parise | parísemos | parísedes | parisen | |
| future | parir | parires | parir | parirmos | parirdes | pariren | |
| imperative | — | ti | Vde. | nós | vós | Vdes. | |
| affirmative | — | pare | paira | pairamos | paride | pairan | |
| negative | — | pairas | paira | pairamos | pairades | pairan | |
| personal infinitive | eu | ti | el / ela / Vde. | nós | vós | eles / elas / Vdes. | |
| parir | parires | parir | parirmos | parirdes | pariren | ||
Derived terms
- parición
Related terms
- parto
References
- “parir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “parir” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “parir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “parir” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “parir” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Maltese
Etymology
Borrowed from Sicilian pariri, from Latin parēre (“to seem”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /paˈriːr/
Noun
parir m (plural pariri)
- advice, counsel
- Synonym: (less common) kunsill
Old Portuguese
Etymology
From Latin parere, present active infinitive of pariō (“I bear, I give birth to”), from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to bring forth”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pa.ˈɾiɾ/
Verb
parir
- to give birth, to bear
- 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, E codex, cantiga 122 (facsimile):
- […] bẽeita tu / eſ mia ſennor que pariſte iheſu / xp̃o.
- […] you are blessed, my Lady, who bore Jesus Christ.
- […] bẽeita tu / eſ mia ſennor que pariſte iheſu / xp̃o.
-
Descendants
- Galician: parir
- Portuguese: parir
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Portuguese parir (“to give birth”), from Latin parere (“to bear, to give birth to”), from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to bring forth”).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /paˈɾi(ʁ)/ [paˈɾi(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /paˈɾi(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /paˈɾi(ʁ)/ [paˈɾi(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /paˈɾi(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /pɐˈɾiɾ/
- Homophone: pari (Brazil)
- Hyphenation: pa‧rir
Verb
parir (no stressed present indicative or subjunctive, first-person singular preterite pari, past participle parido)
- (slightly derogatory) to give birth (to a human baby)
- Synonym: dar à luz
- 1694, Bartolomeu do Quental, Sermoens, page 123:
- Com eſte exemplo provou o Anjo à Senhora, que podia conceber, & parir […]
- With this example the Angel proved to the Lady, that she could conceive and give birth […]
- to give birth (to an animal)
- A cadela pariu três cachorros. ― The dog gave birth to three pups.
- (transitive, figurative) to produce
- Synonyms: produzir, criar
Conjugation
Conjugation of parir (defective) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | parir | |||||
| Personal | parir | parires | parir | parirmos | parirdes | parirem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| parindo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | parido | paridos | ||||
| Feminine | parida | paridas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | — | — | — | parimos | paris | — |
| Imperfect | paria | parias | paria | paríamos | paríeis | pariam |
| Preterite | pari | pariste | pariu | parimos | paristes | pariram |
| Pluperfect | parira | pariras | parira | paríramos | paríreis | pariram |
| Future | parirei | parirás | parirá | pariremos | parireis | parirão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| pariria | paririas | pariria | pariríamos | pariríeis | paririam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Imperfect | parisse | parisses | parisse | paríssemos | parísseis | parissem |
| Future | parir | parires | parir | parirmos | parirdes | parirem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | — | — | — | pari | — | |
| Negative (não) | — | — | — | — | — | |
Derived terms
- parideira
Related terms
- parteira
- parto
See also
- nascer
Further reading
- “parir” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2023.
- “parir” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin parere, present active infinitive of pariō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /paˈɾiɾ/ [paˈɾiɾ]
- Rhymes: -iɾ
- Syllabification: pa‧rir
Verb
parir (first-person singular present paro, first-person singular preterite parí, past participle parido)
- (transitive, intransitive, vulgar in some areas) to give birth
- Synonym: dar a luz
- (transitive, colloquial) to think up; imagine
- (transitive) to explain
Usage notes
- Parir is more commonly used in Spain, and is rarely used by Central- and South-Americans, as they believe parir is vulgar, in the sense that it is used to describe when animals give birth. Instead, they use the phrase dar a luz (literally “to give to light”).
Conjugation
Conjugation of parir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | parir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | pariendo | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | parido | parida | |||||
| plural | paridos | paridas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | paro | parestú parísvos | pare | parimos | parís | paren | |
| imperfect | paría | parías | paría | paríamos | paríais | parían | |
| preterite | parí | pariste | parió | parimos | paristeis | parieron | |
| future | pariré | parirás | parirá | pariremos | pariréis | parirán | |
| conditional | pariría | parirías | pariría | pariríamos | pariríais | parirían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | para | parastú parásvos2 | para | paramos | paráis | paran | |
| imperfect (ra) | pariera | parieras | pariera | pariéramos | parierais | parieran | |
| imperfect (se) | pariese | parieses | pariese | pariésemos | parieseis | pariesen | |
| future1 | pariere | parieres | pariere | pariéremos | pariereis | parieren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | paretú parívos | para | paramos | parid | paran | ||
| negative | no paras | no para | no paramos | no paráis | no paran | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of parir
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive parir | |||||||
| dative | parirme | parirte | parirle, parirse | parirnos | pariros | parirles, parirse | |
| accusative | parirme | parirte | parirlo, parirla, parirse | parirnos | pariros | parirlos, parirlas, parirse | |
| with gerund pariendo | |||||||
| dative | pariéndome | pariéndote | pariéndole, pariéndose | pariéndonos | pariéndoos | pariéndoles, pariéndose | |
| accusative | pariéndome | pariéndote | pariéndolo, pariéndola, pariéndose | pariéndonos | pariéndoos | pariéndolos, pariéndolas, pariéndose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative pare | |||||||
| dative | páreme | párete | párele | párenos | not used | páreles | |
| accusative | páreme | párete | párelo, párela | párenos | not used | párelos, párelas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative parí | |||||||
| dative | parime | parite | parile | parinos | not used | pariles | |
| accusative | parime | parite | parilo, parila | parinos | not used | parilos, parilas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative para | |||||||
| dative | párame | not used | párale, párase | páranos | not used | párales | |
| accusative | párame | not used | páralo, párala, párase | páranos | not used | páralos, páralas | |
| with first-person plural imperative paramos | |||||||
| dative | not used | parámoste | parámosle | parámonos | parámoos | parámosles | |
| accusative | not used | parámoste | parámoslo, parámosla | parámonos | parámoos | parámoslos, parámoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative parid | |||||||
| dative | paridme | not used | paridle | paridnos | paríos | paridles | |
| accusative | paridme | not used | paridlo, paridla | paridnos | paríos | paridlos, paridlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative paran | |||||||
| dative | páranme | not used | páranle | párannos | not used | páranles, páranse | |
| accusative | páranme | not used | páranlo, páranla | párannos | not used | páranlos, páranlas, páranse | |
Derived terms
- éramos pocos y parió la abuela
- la madre que te parió
- parir a medias
- parirla
- poner a parir
- puta que te parió
Derived terms
- parir a medias
- parirla
- poner a parir
Related terms
- parto
See also
- nacer
Further reading
- “parir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014