parfum
See also: Parfum, parfüm, and Parfüm
English
Etymology
Borrowed from French parfum.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (General American) /pɑɹˈfum/
Noun
parfum (uncountable)
- (cosmetics) Fragrance; perfume
Usage notes
- Used in ingredient lists, etc.
Related terms
- perfume
Dutch
Alternative forms
- parfuum
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle French parfum, from parfumer.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɑrˈfʏm/, (nonstandard, uncommon) /ˈpɑr.fʏm/
parfum (file) - Hyphenation: par‧fum
- Rhymes: -ʏm
Noun
parfum n (plural parfums, diminutive parfumpje n)
- A perfume, a luxury product providing a fragrant scent.
- Essence van rozen en diverse andere bloemen is zeer gegeerd voor natuurlijke parfums.
- Essence of roses and various others flowers is in high demand for natural perfumes.
- Synonyms: reukwerk, parfument
- A perfume, a pleasant scent.
- De roos Friesia verspreidt een hemels parfum.
- The rose Friesia gives out a heavenly scent.
Derived terms
- geparfumeerd
- parfumeren
Related terms
- parfumee
- parfumeerder
- parfumerie
- parfumeur
Descendants
- Afrikaans: parfuum
- → Caribbean Hindustani: pampaiyá
- → Indonesian: parfum
French
Etymology
From Middle French parfumer (“to scent”), borrowed from Old Occitan perfumar or another language around the Mediterranean coast, cf. Italian profumare, themselves from Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”) + fumāre (“to smoke”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /paʁ.fœ̃/
- (with merger of un with in) IPA(key): /paʁ.fɛ̃/
audio (file) - Rhymes: -œ̃
Noun
parfum m (plural parfums)
- perfume (scented toiletry)
- scent, desirable smell
- flavour, aroma, taste (e.g., of ice cream)
- Le parfum des framboises est rarement naturel.
- Raspberry flavor is rarely natural
Derived terms
- au parfum
- parfumer
- parfumeur
- parfumerie
Descendants
- → Danish: parfume
- → Dutch: parfum
- → German: Parfüm (see there for further descendants)
- → Romanian: parfum
- → Turkish: parfüm
Further reading
- “parfum”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Indonesian
Etymology
From Dutch parfum, from Middle French parfum, from Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”) + fumāre (“to smoke”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈparfʊm]
- Rhymes: -fʊm, -ʊm, -m
- Hyphenation: par‧fum
Noun
parfum (first-person possessive parfumku, second-person possessive parfummu, third-person possessive parfumnya)
- perfume,
- a pleasant smell; the scent, odor, or odoriferous particles emitted from a sweet-smelling substance; a pleasant odor
- a substance created to provide a pleasant smell or one which emits an agreeable odor.
Derived terms
- berparfum
Further reading
- “parfum” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Romanian
Etymology
From French parfum, from Latin perfumāre.
Noun
parfum n (plural parfumuri)
- perfume
Declension
Declension of parfum
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
| nominative/accusative | (un) parfum | parfumul | (niște) parfumuri | parfumurile |
| genitive/dative | (unui) parfum | parfumului | (unor) parfumuri | parfumurilor |
| vocative | parfumule | parfumurilor | ||
See also
- miros
Slovene
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /parfúːm/
Noun
parfȗm m inan
- perfume (substance providing a pleasant smell)
Inflection
| Masculine inan., hard o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nom. sing. | parfúm | ||
| gen. sing. | parfúma | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | parfúm | parfúma | parfúmi |
| accusative | parfúm | parfúma | parfúme |
| genitive | parfúma | parfúmov | parfúmov |
| dative | parfúmu | parfúmoma | parfúmom |
| locative | parfúmu | parfúmih | parfúmih |
| instrumental | parfúmom | parfúmoma | parfúmi |