pareidolia
English
WOTD – 17 February 2011
![](Images/wiktionary/Martian_face_viking_cropped.jpg.webp)
The so-called “Face on Mars”: an example of pareidolia based on a 1976 photograph of an area of Martian topography
![](Images/wiktionary/Viking_moc_face_20m.gif)
A more detailed photograph taken in different lighting in 2001 destroys the pareidolic impression
Etymology
Borrowed from German Pareidolie, constructed from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-, “alongside”) + εἴδωλον (eídōlon, “image”) + -ία (-ía).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˌpæɹ.aɪˈdəʊ.li.ə/
- (General American)
- (Mary–marry–merry distinction) IPA(key): /ˌpæɹ.iˈdoʊ.li.ə/, /ˌpæɹ.aɪˈdoʊ.li.ə/
- (Mary–marry–merry merger) IPA(key): /ˌpɛɹ.iˈdoʊ.li.ə/, /ˌpɛɹ.aɪˈdoʊ.li.ə/
Audio (GA) (file) - Rhymes: -əʊliə
- Hyphenation: par‧ei‧do‧lia
Noun
pareidolia (countable and uncountable, plural pareidolias)
- (psychology) The tendency to interpret a vague stimulus as something known to the observer, such as interpreting marks on Mars as canals, seeing shapes in clouds, or hearing hidden messages in music.
- Hypernym: apophenia
- 1868 July, John Sibbald, The British Journal of Psychiatry, volume 13, page 238:
- This last is called by Dr. Kahlbaum, changing hallucination, partial hallucination, perception of secondary images, or pareidolia.
- 1993, Raymond Moody; Paul Perry, Reunions: Visionary Encounters with Departed Loved Ones, New York, N.Y.: Random House, →ISBN, page 13:
- Pareidolia underlies several forms of divination.
- 2006, Steve W. Martin, “Choosing Your Battles”, in Heavy Hitter Selling: How Successful Salespeople Use Language and Intuition to Persuade Customers to Buy, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 150:
- Pareidolias aren't solely limited to images. When I was a youngster, I remember listening to The Beatles' song "Strawberry Fields" over and over to hear what seemed to be "I buried Paul."
- 2010, Rick Emmer, “Nessies of the New World”, in Loch Ness Monster: Fact or Fiction? (Creature Scene Investigation), New York, N.Y.: Chelsea House Publishers, Infobase Publishing, →ISBN, page 81:
- Pareidolia is a state of mind where a vague or unclear image is perceived to be something recognizable, regardless of whether it's something you expect to see. The most famous example of pareidolia is the familiar face of the Man in the Moon.
Derived terms
- pareidolic
Translations
tendency to interpret vague stimuli as something familiar
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Further reading
pareidolia on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Paul McFedries (2 March 2004), “pareidolia”, in Word Spy, Logophilia Limited, retrieved 4 June 2017.
- “pareidolia” in The Skeptic’s Dictionary
Italian
Etymology
From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-) + εἴδωλον (eídōlon).
Noun
pareidolia f (plural pareidolie)
- pareidolia
Derived terms
- pareidolitico
Polish
Etymology
From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-, “alongside”) + εἴδωλον (eídōlon, “image”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pa.rɛ.iˈdɔ.lja/
- Rhymes: -ɔlja
- Syllabification: pa‧re‧i‧do‧lia
Noun
pareidolia f
- pareidolia (tendency to interpret vague stimuli as something familiar)
Declension
Declension of pareidolia
singular | |
---|---|
nominative | pareidolia |
genitive | pareidolii |
dative | pareidolii |
accusative | pareidolię |
instrumental | pareidolią |
locative | pareidolii |
vocative | pareidolio |
Further reading
- pareidolia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- pareidolia in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Noun
pareidolia f (plural pareidolias)
- pareidolia (tendency to interpret vague stimuli as something familiar)