abocar
Catalan
Etymology
a- + boca (“mouth”) + -ar
Pronunciation
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /ə.boˈka/
- (Central) IPA(key): /ə.buˈka/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /a.boˈkaɾ/
Audio (Catalonia) (file)
Verb
abocar (first-person singular present aboco, past participle abocat)
- (transitive) to join by the mouth
- (transitive) to pour, to decant
- (transitive) to pour out, to empty
- (benefactive, takes a reflexive pronoun) to pour for oneself
- S'abocà cafè i es begué d'un glop la tassa.
- She poured herself coffee and drank the cup in one swallow.
- (reflexive) to empty (out)
- El Duero s'aboca a l'oceà. ― The Duero empties into the ocean.
- La ciutat s'anava omplint de tardor i lentament s'abocava a l'hivern.
- The city would be filling up in the fall and slowly empty out in winter.
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to swarm, to gather
- Tot el poble s'aboca a participar en el festival.
- The whole village gathers to participate in the festival.
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to abandon oneself (a to), to indulge oneself
- Synonym: lliurar-se
Conjugation
Conjugation of abocar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | abocar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | abocant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | abocat | abocada | |||||
| plural | abocats | abocades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | aboco | aboques | aboca | aboquem | aboqueu | aboquen | |
| imperfect | abocava | abocaves | abocava | abocàvem | abocàveu | abocaven | |
| future | abocaré | abocaràs | abocarà | abocarem | abocareu | abocaran | |
| preterite | aboquí | abocares | abocà | abocàrem | abocàreu | abocaren | |
| conditional | abocaria | abocaries | abocaria | abocaríem | abocaríeu | abocarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | aboqui | aboquis | aboqui | aboquem | aboqueu | aboquin | |
| imperfect | aboqués | aboquessis | aboqués | aboquéssim | aboquéssiu | aboquessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | aboca | aboqui | aboquem | aboqueu | aboquin | ||
Derived terms
- abocador
- abocament
Further reading
- “abocar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “abocar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “abocar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “abocar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Occitan
Etymology
a- + boca + -ar
Pronunciation
Audio (Languedocien) (file)
Verb
abocar
- to pour (a liquid)
Conjugation
Lengadocian (Central Occitan)| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | abocar | aver abocat | |||||
| gerund | abocant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | abocat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | aboqui | abocas | aboca | abocam | abocatz | abocan | |
| imperfect | abocavi | abocavas | abocava | abocàvem | abocàvetz | abocavan | |
| preterite | aboquèri | aboquères | aboquèt | aboquèrem | aboquèretz | aboquèron | |
| future | abocarai | abocaràs | abocarà | abocarem | abocaretz | abocaràn | |
| conditional | abocariái | abocariás | abocariá | abocariam | abocariatz | abocarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | aboquèra | aboquèras | aboquèra | aboqueram | aboqueratz | aboquèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | aboque | aboques | aboque | aboquem | aboquetz | aboquen | |
| imperfect | aboquèssi | aboquèsses | aboquèsse | aboquèssem | aboquèssetz | aboquèsson | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| aboca | aboquem | abocatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Auvernhàs| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | abocar | aver abocat | |||||
| gerund | abocant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | abocat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | aboque | aboques | aboca | abocam | abocatz | abocon | |
| imperfect | abocave | abocaves | abocava | abocaviam | abocaviatz | abocavon | |
| preterite | aboquere | aboqueres | aboquet | aboquem | aboquetz | aboqueron | |
| future | abocarai | abocaràs | abocará | abocarem | abocaretz | abocarán | |
| conditional | abocariá | abocariás | abocariá | abocariam | abocariatz | abocarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | aboquèra | aboquèras | aboquèra | aboqueram | aboqueratz | aboquèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | aboque | aboques | aboque | abocassiam | abocassiatz | abocon | |
| imperfect | aboquesse | aboquesses | aboquesse | aboquessiam | aboquessiatz | aboquesson | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| aboca | abocassiam | abocatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Gascon| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | abocar | aver abocat | |||||
| gerund | abocant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | abocat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | aboqui | abocas | aboca | abocam | abocatz | abocan | |
| imperfect | abocavi | abocavas | abocava | abocàvam | abocàvatz | abocavan | |
| preterite | aboquèi | aboquès | aboquè | aboquèm | aboquètz | aboquèn | |
| future | abocarèi | abocaràs | abocarà | abocaram | abocaratz | abocaràn | |
| conditional | abocarí | abocarés | abocaré | abocarem | abocaretz | abocarén | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | aboquèra | aboquèras | aboquèra | aboqueram | aboqueratz | aboquèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | aboqui | aboques | aboque | aboquem | aboquetz | aboquen | |
| imperfect | aboquèssi | aboquèsses | aboquèsse | aboquèssem | aboquèssetz | aboquèssen | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| aboca | aboquem | abocatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Lemosin| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | abocar | aver abocat | |||||
| gerund | abocant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | abocat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | aboque | abocas | aboca | abocam | abocatz | abocan | |
| imperfect | abocava | abocavas | abocava | abocàvam | abocàvatz | abocavan | |
| preterite | aboquei | aboqueras | aboquet | aboquèram | aboquèratz | aboqueran | |
| future | abocarai | abocaràs | abocará | abocarem | abocaretz | abocarán | |
| conditional | abocariá | abocariàs | abocariá | abocariam | abocariatz | abocarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | aboquèra | aboquèras | aboquèra | aboqueram | aboqueratz | aboquèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | aboque | aboques | aboque | aboquem | aboquetz | aboquen | |
| imperfect | aboquèsse | aboquèsses | aboquèsse | aboquèssem | aboquèssetz | aboquèssen | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| aboca | aboquem | abocatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Provençau| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | abocar | aver abocat | |||||
| gerund | abocant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | abocat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | aboque | aboques | aboca | abocam | abocatz | abocan | |
| imperfect | abocavi | abocavas | abocava | abocàvem | abocàvetz | abocavan | |
| preterite | aboquère | aboquères | aboquèt | aboqueriam | aboqueriatz | aboquèron | |
| future | abocarai | abocaràs | abocarà | abocarem | abocaretz | abocaràn | |
| conditional | abocariáu | abocariás | abocariá | abocariam | abocariatz | abocarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | aboquèra | aboquèras | aboquèra | aboqueram | aboqueratz | aboquèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | aboque | aboques | aboque | aboquem | aboquetz | abocan | |
| imperfect | aboquèsse | aboquèsses | aboquèsse | aboquessiam | aboquessiatz | aboquèsson | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| aboca | aboquem | abocatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Spanish
Etymology
From a- + boca + -ar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aboˈkaɾ/ [a.β̞oˈkaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: a‧bo‧car
- Homophone: avocar
Verb
abocar (first-person singular present aboco, first-person singular preterite aboqué, past participle abocado)
- (transitive) to pour from one container to another
- (transitive, dated) to seize or grab with the mouth
Conjugation
Conjugation of abocar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | abocar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | abocando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | abocado | abocada | |||||
| plural | abocados | abocadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | aboco | abocastú abocásvos | aboca | abocamos | abocáis | abocan | |
| imperfect | abocaba | abocabas | abocaba | abocábamos | abocabais | abocaban | |
| preterite | aboqué | abocaste | abocó | abocamos | abocasteis | abocaron | |
| future | abocaré | abocarás | abocará | abocaremos | abocaréis | abocarán | |
| conditional | abocaría | abocarías | abocaría | abocaríamos | abocaríais | abocarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | aboque | aboquestú aboquésvos2 | aboque | aboquemos | aboquéis | aboquen | |
| imperfect (ra) | abocara | abocaras | abocara | abocáramos | abocarais | abocaran | |
| imperfect (se) | abocase | abocases | abocase | abocásemos | abocaseis | abocasen | |
| future1 | abocare | abocares | abocare | abocáremos | abocareis | abocaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | abocatú abocávos | aboque | aboquemos | abocad | aboquen | ||
| negative | no aboques | no aboque | no aboquemos | no aboquéis | no aboquen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of abocar (c-qu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive abocar | |||||||
| dative | abocarme | abocarte | abocarle, abocarse | abocarnos | abocaros | abocarles, abocarse | |
| accusative | abocarme | abocarte | abocarlo, abocarla, abocarse | abocarnos | abocaros | abocarlos, abocarlas, abocarse | |
| with gerund abocando | |||||||
| dative | abocándome | abocándote | abocándole, abocándose | abocándonos | abocándoos | abocándoles, abocándose | |
| accusative | abocándome | abocándote | abocándolo, abocándola, abocándose | abocándonos | abocándoos | abocándolos, abocándolas, abocándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative aboca | |||||||
| dative | abócame | abócate | abócale | abócanos | not used | abócales | |
| accusative | abócame | abócate | abócalo, abócala | abócanos | not used | abócalos, abócalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative abocá | |||||||
| dative | abocame | abocate | abocale | abocanos | not used | abocales | |
| accusative | abocame | abocate | abocalo, abocala | abocanos | not used | abocalos, abocalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative aboque | |||||||
| dative | abóqueme | not used | abóquele, abóquese | abóquenos | not used | abóqueles | |
| accusative | abóqueme | not used | abóquelo, abóquela, abóquese | abóquenos | not used | abóquelos, abóquelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative aboquemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | aboquémoste | aboquémosle | aboquémonos | aboquémoos | aboquémosles | |
| accusative | not used | aboquémoste | aboquémoslo, aboquémosla | aboquémonos | aboquémoos | aboquémoslos, aboquémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative abocad | |||||||
| dative | abocadme | not used | abocadle | abocadnos | abocaos | abocadles | |
| accusative | abocadme | not used | abocadlo, abocadla | abocadnos | abocaos | abocadlos, abocadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative aboquen | |||||||
| dative | abóquenme | not used | abóquenle | abóquennos | not used | abóquenles, abóquense | |
| accusative | abóquenme | not used | abóquenlo, abóquenla | abóquennos | not used | abóquenlos, abóquenlas, abóquense | |
Further reading
- “abocar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014