para

See also: Appendix:Variations of "para"

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian pàra/па̀ра, from Ottoman Turkish پاره‎ (pare, para), from Persian ‎ (pâre).

Pronunciation

(UK) enPR: päʹrə, IPA^(key): /ˈpɑːɹə/
- Audio (UK) (file)
(US) enPR: pärʹə, IPA^(key): /ˈpɑːɹə/
Rhymes: -ɑːɹə

Noun

para (plural paras)

(historical) A former subunit of currency in several countries in the Ottoman/Turkish and Yugoslav regions.

Translations

currency

Armenian: փարա (hy) (pʿara)
Hungarian: para (hu)
Persian: پاره‎ (fa) (pāre)

Etymology 2

The second part of words such as primipara and multipara

Noun

para (plural paras)

(medicine) A woman who has had a certain number of pregnancies, indicated by the number prepended to this word.

Related terms

multipara
nullipara
primipara

Etymology 3

Clippings.

Pronunciation

enPR: păʹrə, IPA^(key): /ˈpæɹə/
Rhymes: -æɹə

Noun

para (plural paras)

Clipping of paragraph.
Clipping of paratrooper.
(US, education, informal) Clipping of paraprofessional educator.
Clipping of paraplegic.
- 2010, Shelley Lynn Tremain (ed.), Foucault and the Government of Disability
  The problems that male paras encounter in relation to bladder management pale in significance when placed alongside the problems with bladder management that female paraplegics experience. For women paras, attempts are made to train the bladder to empty itself at regular intervals; however, accidents do happen.

Etymology 4

Shortened from paralytic

Pronunciation

enPR: păʹrə, IPA^(key): /ˈpæɹə/
Audio (AU) (file)
Rhymes: -æɹə

Adjective

para (comparative more para, superlative most para)

(UK, Australia, slang) very drunk

Synonyms

See Thesaurus:drunk

Anagrams

AARP, ARPA, Paar, Raap, Rapa, apar

'Are'are

Noun

para

fishhook

Verb

para

be white

References

Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)

Albanian

Etymology 1

Back formation from përpara, from Proto-Albanian *pər-parə-a, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥H-e/o-s (“before, in front”)

Preposition

para (+ablative)

before
para afatit
before the deadline
ago
para dy shekujsh
two centuries ago
(physical position) in front of
para një pasqyre
in front of a mirror
(presence) in front of, in the presence of
para klasës
in front of the class

Related terms

përpara

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره‎ (pare, para), from Persian ‎ (pâre).

Noun

para f (indefinite plural para, definite singular paraja, definite plural paratë)

money

Asturian

Verb

para

third-person singular present indicative of parar
second-person singular imperative of parar

Bikol Central

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish parar (“to stop”).

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: pa‧ra
IPA^(key): /ˈpaɾa/

Interjection

pára

stop! (used as a command to stop a vehicle)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish para (“for”)

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: pa‧ra
IPA^(key): /ˈpaɾa/

Preposition

pára

for
Para sain ini?
What's this for?

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: pa‧ra
IPA^(key): /ˈpaɾaʔ/

Preposition

parà

because of
Para kaiyan?
Because of that?

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: pa‧ra
IPA^(key): /ˈpaɾaʔ/

Noun

parà

erasure

Derived terms

ipara
magpara
makapara
mapara
pamara

Catalan

Verb

para

third-person singular present indicative form of parar
second-person singular imperative form of parar

Cebuano

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Verb

para

to flag down; to signal to, especially to stop a passing vehicle etc.
to signal a driver to stop in order for one to alight a vehicle

Preposition

para

for

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish پاره‎ (pare, para), from Persian ‎ (pâre).

Noun

para

cash, money

Declension

Declension of para

nominative	para
genitive	paranıñ
dative	parağa
accusative	paranı
locative	parada
ablative	paradan

Synonyms

aqça

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English para (paratrooper).

Pronunciation

Audio (file)
Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Noun

para f or m (plural para's)

para (paratrooper)

Synonyms

paratroeper
paracommando

Esperanto

Etymology

From paro (“pair”) +‎ -a.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈpara]
Rhymes: -ara
Hyphenation: par‧a

Adjective

para (accusative singular paran, plural paraj, accusative plural parajn)

even (not odd)

Finnish

Etymology

Probably borrowed from North Germanic, from the same origin as Swedish bära (“to carry, bear”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpɑrɑ/, [ˈpɑrɑ]
Rhymes: -ɑrɑ
Syllabification^(key): pa‧ra

Noun

para

(witchcraft) A being created to bring milk or butter to its creator.

Declension

Inflection of para (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		para	parat
genitive		paran	parojen
partitive		paraa	paroja
illative		paraan	paroihin
		singular	plural
nominative		para	parat
accusative	nom.	para	parat
accusative	gen.	paran	parat
genitive		paran	parojen parain^rare
partitive		paraa	paroja
inessive		parassa	paroissa
elative		parasta	paroista
illative		paraan	paroihin
adessive		paralla	paroilla
ablative		paralta	paroilta
allative		paralle	paroille
essive		parana	paroina
translative		paraksi	paroiksi
instructive		—	paroin
abessive		paratta	paroitta
comitative		—	paroineen

Possessive forms of para (type kala)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	parani	paramme
2nd person	parasi	paranne
3rd person	paransa

Derived terms

paranvoi

Anagrams

arpa, rapa

French

Pronunciation

Audio (file)

Verb

para

third-person singular past historic of parer

Anagrams

râpa

Galician

Etymology 1

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese pera, para, from Latin per (“through”) + ad (“to”).

Alternative forms

pra

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [pɐɾɐ], [pɾɐ]

Preposition

para

for (directed at, intended to belong to)
for (to obtain)
to, toward (indicating destination)
for (by the standards of)
(after a form of estar) about to

Usage notes

In spoken language this preposition frequently contracts with the next word, especially with articles and pronouns, but today these contraction are not usually represented in the written language.

Derived terms

pró

Etymology 2

Back-formation from parar (“to prepare”). Cognate with Portuguese apara.

Paras de pataca ("potato peelings")

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈpaɾɐ]

Noun

para f (plural paras)

peeling (of a fruit, vegetable, cheese)
Synonyms: carapa, carapela, casca, monda, paraza, pela, peladura, peleca, plana, tona
shaving, woodshaving
Synonyms: labra, lasca

Related terms

parar
reparar

References

“para” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
“para” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
“para” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
“para” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
“para” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Gamo

Noun

para

horse

References

Corinna Handschuh, A typology of marked-S languages

Guaraní

Noun

para

sea

Hungarian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈpɒrɒ]
Hyphenation: pa‧ra
Rhymes: -rɒ

Etymology 1

Of uncertain origin.

Noun

para (usually uncountable, plural parák)

suber, cork

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	para	parák
accusative	parát	parákat
dative	parának	paráknak
instrumental	parával	parákkal
causal-final	paráért	parákért
translative	parává	parákká
terminative	paráig	parákig
essive-formal	paraként	parákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	parában	parákban
superessive	parán	parákon
adessive	paránál	paráknál
illative	parába	parákba
sublative	parára	parákra
allative	parához	parákhoz
elative	parából	parákból
delative	paráról	parákról
ablative	parától	paráktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	paráé	paráké
non-attributive possessive - plural	paráéi	parákéi

Possessive forms of para
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	parám	paráim
2nd person sing.	parád	paráid
3rd person sing.	parája	parái
1st person plural	paránk	paráink
2nd person plural	parátok	paráitok
3rd person plural	parájuk	paráik

Derived terms

parás

Compound words

parafa
paratölgy

Etymology 2

Perhaps from paranoia.

Noun

para

(slang) fear
Synonyms: félelem, rettegés

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	para	parák
accusative	parát	parákat
dative	parának	paráknak
instrumental	parával	parákkal
causal-final	paráért	parákért
translative	parává	parákká
terminative	paráig	parákig
essive-formal	paraként	parákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	parában	parákban
superessive	parán	parákon
adessive	paránál	paráknál
illative	parába	parákba
sublative	parára	parákra
allative	parához	parákhoz
elative	parából	parákból
delative	paráról	parákról
ablative	parától	paráktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	paráé	paráké
non-attributive possessive - plural	paráéi	parákéi

Possessive forms of para
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	parám	paráim
2nd person sing.	parád	paráid
3rd person sing.	parája	parái
1st person plural	paránk	paráink
2nd person plural	parátok	paráitok
3rd person plural	parájuk	paráik

Derived terms

parázik

Adjective

para (comparative parább, superlative legparább)

(slang) scary, spooky, sinister, dark
Synonyms: félelmetes, rémisztő, ijesztő, baljós

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	para	parák
accusative	parát	parákat
dative	parának	paráknak
instrumental	parával	parákkal
causal-final	paráért	parákért
translative	parává	parákká
terminative	paráig	parákig
essive-formal	paraként	parákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	parában	parákban
superessive	parán	parákon
adessive	paránál	paráknál
illative	parába	parákba
sublative	parára	parákra
allative	parához	parákhoz
elative	parából	parákból
delative	paráról	parákról
ablative	parától	paráktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	paráé	paráké
non-attributive possessive - plural	paráéi	parákéi

Etymology 3

From paraméter.

Noun

para

(slang) (physical) parameter (height, weight, and age, often asked at the beginning of online dating)
Mik a paráid? ― What are your parameters?
Synonym: paraméter

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	para	parák
accusative	parát	parákat
dative	parának	paráknak
instrumental	parával	parákkal
causal-final	paráért	parákért
translative	parává	parákká
terminative	paráig	parákig
essive-formal	paraként	parákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	parában	parákban
superessive	parán	parákon
adessive	paránál	paráknál
illative	parába	parákba
sublative	parára	parákra
allative	parához	parákhoz
elative	parából	parákból
delative	paráról	parákról
ablative	parától	paráktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	paráé	paráké
non-attributive possessive - plural	paráéi	parákéi

Possessive forms of para
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	parám	paráim
2nd person sing.	parád	paráid
3rd person sing.	parája	parái
1st person plural	paránk	paráink
2nd person plural	parátok	paráitok
3rd person plural	parájuk	paráik

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره‎ (para, “money”), from Persian ‎ (pâre, “piece”).

Noun

para (plural parák)

para (a subunit of Ottoman currency)

Derived terms

parányi

Ido

Adjective

para

(mathematics) even

Antonyms

nepara

Indonesian

Etymology

From Sanskrit पर (para, “other”).

Adverb

para

some, the (when talking about people)

Article

para

the

Noun

para (first-person possessive paraku, second-person possessive paramu, third-person possessive paranya)

present (person)
joint, shared

Ingrian

Para.

Etymology

Akin to Finnish para and Karelian para.

Pronunciation

(Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑrɑ/, [ˈpɑrɑ]

(Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑrɑ/, [ˈpɑrɑ]

Rhymes: -ɑrɑ

Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Noun

para

(folklore) troll cat (being designed to bring milk to its creator)

Declension

Declension of para (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	para	parat
genitive	paran	parroin
partitive	parraa	paroja
illative	parraa	parroi
inessive	paras	parois
elative	parast	paroist
allative	paralle	paroille
adessive	paral	paroil
ablative	paralt	paroilt
translative	paraks	paroiks
essive	paranna, parraan	paroinna, parroin
exessive¹⁾	parant	paroint
¹⁾ obsolete ^) the accusative* corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) ^) the comitative** is formed by adding the suffix -ka^? or -kä^? to the genitive.

References

Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 383

Italian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ra/
Rhymes: -ara
Hyphenation: pà‧ra

Etymology 1

From Pará, Brazil, where it is produced.

Noun

para f (plural pare)

crepe rubber
crepe (for shoes)

Etymology 2

Clipping.

Noun

para f (uncountable)

(slang) paranoia

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

para

inflection of parare:
1. third-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative

Anagrams

apar, apra, arpa, rapa

Javanese

Article

para

marker of group or collectivity

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese parar.

Verb

para

to stop

Latin

Verb

parā

second-person singular present active imperative of parō

References

para in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
“para”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray

Lithuanian

Noun

para f

24 hours (day)
Aš manau kad užtruks apie vieną parą.
I think it will take about 24 hours.

Malay

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /para/
Rhymes: -ara, -ra, -a
(Johor-Riau) IPA^(key): [päɣə]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paRa (“collective particle”). Compare Acehnese para (“horde, troop”).

Prefix

para (Jawi spelling ڤارا‎)

definitive prefix used to denote that the word preceded is plural
Para murid ― All students

Descendants

Indonesian: para

Etymology 2

From Proto-Austronesian *paRa (“storage shelf; attic, loft”). Compare Tagalog pága (“storage loft made of bamboo attached to ceiling”).

Noun

para (Jawi spelling ڤارا‎, plural para-para, informal 1st possessive paraku, 2nd possessive paramu, 3rd possessive paranya)

shelf
Para buku ― Bookshelf
Synonym: rak
rubber (of the material)
Nilai para ― Value of rubber
Synonyms: getah, karet

Descendants

Indonesian: para

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

parene

Noun

para n pl

definite plural of par

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

para n pl

definite plural of par

Pali

Alternative forms

𑀧𑀭 (Brahmi script)
पर (Devanagari script)
পর (Bengali script)
පර (Sinhalese script)
ပရ (Burmese script)
ปร or ปะระ (Thai script)
ᨷᩁ (Tai Tham script)
ປຣ or ປະຣະ (Lao script)
បរ (Khmer script)
𑄛𑄢 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit पर (para), from Proto-Indo-European *per-.

Adjective

para

other, another
alien
outsider
further (on)
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎ (in Pali), page 252; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
  सब्बेसं तिण्णं पठममज्झिमुत्तमपुरिसानं एकाभिधाने परो पुरिसो गहेतब्बो। सो च पठति, ते च पठन्ति, त्वञ्च पठसि तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पठामि = मयं पठाम; सो पचति, ते च पचन्ति, त्वञ्च पचन्ति, तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पचआमि = मयं पचाम एवं सेसासु विभत्तीसु परो पुरिसो योजेतब्बो॥
  Sabbesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ paṭhamamajjhimuttamapurisānaṃ ekābhidhāne paro puriso gahetabbo. So ca paṭhati, te ca paṭhanti, tvañca paṭhasi, tumhe ca paṭhatha, ahañca paṭhāmi = mayaṃ paṭhāma; so pacati, te ca pacanti, tvañca pacasi, tumhe ca pacatha, ahañca pacāmi = mayaṃ pacāma. Evaṃ sesāsu vibhattīsu paro puriso yojetabbo.
  With all three, third, second, and first persons, in one expression, the last person is to be taken. He reads, they read, thou readest, you read, and I read = we read; he cooks, they cook, thou cookest, you cook , and I cook = we cook. The last person is to be applied thus for other endings.

Declension

Declension table of "para" (masculine)

Case \\ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	paro	pare
Accusative (second)	paraṃ	pare
Instrumental (third)	parena	parehi or parebhi
Dative (fourth)	parassa	paresaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	parasmā or paramhā or parā	parehi or parebhi
Genitive (sixth)	parassa	paresaṃ
Locative (seventh)	parasmiṃ or paramhi or pare	paresu

Declension table of "parā" (feminine)

Case \\ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	parā	parāyo or parā
Accusative (second)	paraṃ	parāyo or parā
Instrumental (third)	parāya	parāhi or parābhi
Dative (fourth)	parāya	parāsaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	parāya	parāhi or parābhi
Genitive (sixth)	parāya	parāsaṃ
Locative (seventh)	parāya or parāyaṃ	parāsu

Declension table of "para" (neuter)

Case \\ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	paraṃ	parāni
Accusative (second)	paraṃ	parāni
Instrumental (third)	parena	parehi or parebhi
Dative (fourth)	parassa	paresaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	parasmā or paramhā or parā	parehi or parebhi
Genitive (sixth)	parassa	paresaṃ
Locative (seventh)	parasmiṃ or paramhi or pare	paresu

Derived terms

pāra

References

Pali Text Society (1921-1925), “para”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

Papiamentu

Etymology 1

From Spanish pájaro and Portuguese pássaro and Kabuverdianu pasaru.

Noun

para

bird

Etymology 2

From Portuguese parar and Spanish parar and Kabuverdianu para.

Verb

para

to stop
to stand

Polish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ra/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ara
Syllabification: pa‧ra

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *para, *parъ.

Noun

para f

(uncountable) steam, water in gaseous phase
(uncountable) breath

Declension

Declension of para

	singular
nominative	para
genitive	pary
dative	parze
accusative	parę
instrumental	parą
locative	parze
vocative	paro

Derived terms

adverbs

całą parą
pełną parą

Related terms

verb

parzyć

Etymology 2

From Middle High German pâr (German Paar), from Latin pār.

Noun

para f

couple (two partners in a romantic relationship)
a couple (an unspecified, small amount)
-odd (used after numbers to specific an unspecified amount)
Ona miała trzydzieści parę lat. ― She was thirty-odd years old.
Synonyms: z hakiem, mniej więcej, z grubsza
pair (two objects)

Declension

Declension of para

	singular	plural
nominative	para	pary
genitive	pary	par
dative	parze	parom
accusative	parę	pary
instrumental	parą	parami
locative	parze	parach
vocative	paro	pary

Derived terms

numeral/adverb

parę

phrase

nieszczęścia chodzą parami

verb

parzyć

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

para

third-person singular present of parać

Portuguese

Etymology 1

From earlier pera, from Old Portuguese pera, from Latin per (“through”) + ad (“to”).

Alternative forms

pera (obsolete)
p'ra, pra (eye dialect)
pa (eye dialect)

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /pa.ɾɐ/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /pa.ɾa/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɐ.ɾɐ/

Informal forms

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /pɾa/, /pa/, /pɾɐ/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɾɐ/, /pɐ/

Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Preposition

para

for (directed at, intended to belong to or to be appropriate for)
- 2005, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 186:
  Tenho um recado para você.
  I have a message for you.
Ração para gatos.
Food for cats.
O que é bom para gripe?
What is good for the flu?
indicates application of an adjective; to
- 2001, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Cálice de Fogo [Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire] (Harry Potter; 4), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 514:
  E quantos serão bastante tolos para ficar longe de mim?
  And how many will be foolish enough to stay away from me?
to; so; in order to (indicates purpose)
Comprei um baixo para tocar numa banda.
I bought a bass to play in a band.
towards; to; in the direction of (indicates destination)
Synonyms: a, até
- 2003, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix [Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix] (Harry Potter; 5), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 656:
  Ele podia ouvi-la se deslocando para a direita, para obter uma visão desimpedida dele.
  He could hear her moving herself to the right, to obtain an unobstructed view of him.
Vamos para a minha casa.
Let’s go to my house.
introduces the location, direction or context that applies to a verb
Essa janela abre para um longo vale.
This window opens into a long valley.
to (to the value of)
A cor da banana foi de amarelo para preto.
The colour of the banana went from yellow to black.
O valor da minha casa baixou para menos do que o que eu paguei.
The value of my house has fallen to less than what I paid.
in the opinion of
Para mim, esse livro é um dos melhores da história.
In my opinion, this book is one of the best ever.
(with an infinitive) about to; soon to be (indicates that something will happen soon)
Synonyms: prestes a, por
Fiquem quietos que o filme está para começar.
Be quiet because the film is about to begin.

Contraction

Para + definite article contractions are nonstandard and thus not used in serious writing, but are very widespread in speech and informal writing. Those without r are even more nonstandard:

para + o → pro, po
para + os → pros, pos
para + a → pra, pa
para + as → pras, pas

Para + indefinite article contractions are also nonstandard, but are not as common:

para + um → prum
para + uns → pruns
para + uma → pruma
para + umas → prumas

There are some para + personal pronoun contractions, which are also nonstandard and uncommon in writing:

para + eu → preu
para + você → procê
para + ele → prele
para + eles → preles
para + ela → prela
para + elas → prelas

Usage notes

Some senses of para, such as 'in order to', introduce a subordinate clause. When this clause begins with a personal pronoun, some speakers use a prepositional pronoun instead of a nominative one:

Comprei um bolo para mim comer.
I bought a cake for me to eat.

instead of the standard

Comprei um bolo para eu comer.
I bought a cake for me to eat.

Such usage is strongly proscribed.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:para.

Derived terms

estar para
pá (para + a) (nonstandard)
para com
para já
para que
prá (para + a) (nonstandard)
pra (para + a) (nonstandard)
pro (para + o) (nonstandard)

Related terms

pelo

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Alternative forms

pára (pre-1990 spelling)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ɾɐ/

Rhymes: -aɾɐ
Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Verb

para

inflection of parar:
1. third-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative

Quechua

Noun

para

rain

Declension

declension of para

	singular	plural
nominative	para	parakuna
accusative	parata	parakunata
dative	paraman	parakunaman
genitive	parap	parakunap
locative	parapi	parakunapi
terminative	parakama	parakunakama
ablative	paramanta	parakunamanta
instrumental	parawan	parakunawan
comitative	parantin	parakunantin
abessive	parannaq	parakunannaq
comparative	parahina	parakunahina
causative	pararayku	parakunarayku
benefactive	parapaq	parakunapaq
associative	parapura	parakunapura
distributive	paranka	parakunanka
exclusive	paralla	parakunalla

possessive forms of para

ñuqap - first-person singular

ñuqap (my)	singular	plural
nominative	paray	paraykuna
accusative	parayta	paraykunata
dative	parayman	paraykunaman
genitive	paraypa	paraykunap
locative	paraypi	paraykunapi
terminative	paraykama	paraykunakama
ablative	paraymanta	paraykunamanta
instrumental	paraywan	paraykunawan
comitative	paraynintin	paraykunantin
abessive	parayninnaq	paraykunannaq
comparative	parayhina	paraykunahina
causative	parayrayku	paraykunarayku
benefactive	paraypaq	paraykunapaq
associative	paraypura	paraykunapura
distributive	parayninka	paraykunanka
exclusive	paraylla	paraykunalla

qampa - second-person singular

qampa (your)	singular	plural
nominative	parayki	paraykikuna
accusative	paraykita	paraykikunata
dative	paraykiman	paraykikunaman
genitive	paraykipa	paraykikunap
locative	paraykipi	paraykikunapi
terminative	paraykikama	paraykikunakama
ablative	paraykimanta	paraykikunamanta
instrumental	paraykiwan	paraykikunawan
comitative	paraykintin	paraykikunantin
abessive	paraykinnaq	paraykikunannaq
comparative	paraykihina	paraykikunahina
causative	paraykirayku	paraykikunarayku
benefactive	paraykipaq	paraykikunapaq
associative	paraykipura	paraykikunapura
distributive	paraykinka	paraykikunanka
exclusive	paraykilla	paraykikunalla

paypa - third-person singular

paypa (his/her/its)	singular	plural
nominative	paran	parankuna
accusative	paranta	parankunata
dative	paranman	parankunaman
genitive	paranpa	parankunap
locative	paranpi	parankunapi
terminative	parankama	parankunakama
ablative	paranmanta	parankunamanta
instrumental	paranwan	parankunawan
comitative	paranintin	parankunantin
abessive	paranninnaq	parankunannaq
comparative	paranhina	parankunahina
causative	paranrayku	parankunarayku
benefactive	paranpaq	parankunapaq
associative	paranpura	parankunapura
distributive	paraninka	parankunanka
exclusive	paranlla	parankunalla

ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural

ñuqanchikpa (our(incl))	singular	plural
nominative	paranchik	paranchikkuna
accusative	paranchikta	paranchikkunata
dative	paranchikman	paranchikkunaman
genitive	paranchikpa	paranchikkunap
locative	paranchikpi	paranchikkunapi
terminative	paranchikkama	paranchikkunakama
ablative	paranchikmanta	paranchikkunamanta
instrumental	paranchikwan	paranchikkunawan
comitative	paranchiknintin	paranchikkunantin
abessive	paranchikninnaq	paranchikkunannaq
comparative	paranchikhina	paranchikkunahina
causative	paranchikrayku	paranchikkunarayku
benefactive	paranchikpaq	paranchikkunapaq
associative	paranchikpura	paranchikkunapura
distributive	paranchikninka	paranchikkunanka
exclusive	paranchiklla	paranchikkunalla

ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural

ñuqaykup (our(excl))	singular	plural
nominative	parayku	paraykukuna
accusative	paraykuta	paraykukunata
dative	paraykuman	paraykukunaman
genitive	paraykupa	paraykukunap
locative	paraykupi	paraykukunapi
terminative	paraykukama	paraykukunakama
ablative	paraykumanta	paraykukunamanta
instrumental	paraykuwan	paraykukunawan
comitative	paraykuntin	paraykukunantin
abessive	paraykunnaq	paraykukunannaq
comparative	paraykuhina	paraykukunahina
causative	paraykurayku	paraykukunarayku
benefactive	paraykupaq	paraykukunapaq
associative	paraykupura	paraykukunapura
distributive	paraykunka	paraykukunanka
exclusive	paraykulla	paraykukunalla

qamkunap - second-person plural

qamkunap (your(pl))	singular	plural
nominative	paraykichik	paraykichikkuna
accusative	paraykichikta	paraykichikkunata
dative	paraykichikman	paraykichikkunaman
genitive	paraykichikpa	paraykichikkunap
locative	paraykichikpi	paraykichikkunapi
terminative	paraykichikkama	paraykichikkunakama
ablative	paraykichikmanta	paraykichikkunamanta
instrumental	paraykichikwan	paraykichikkunawan
comitative	paraykichiknintin	paraykichikkunantin
abessive	paraykichikninnaq	paraykichikkunannaq
comparative	paraykichikhina	paraykichikkunahina
causative	paraykichikrayku	paraykichikkunarayku
benefactive	paraykichikpaq	paraykichikkunapaq
associative	paraykichikpura	paraykichikkunapura
distributive	paraykichikninka	paraykichikkunanka
exclusive	paraykichiklla	paraykichikkunalla

paykunap - third-person plural

paykunap (their)	singular	plural
nominative	paranku	parankukuna
accusative	parankuta	parankukunata
dative	parankuman	parankukunaman
genitive	parankupa	parankukunap
locative	parankupi	parankukunapi
terminative	parankukama	parankukunakama
ablative	parankumanta	parankukunamanta
instrumental	parankuwan	parankukunawan
comitative	parankuntin	parankukunantin
abessive	parankunnaq	parankukunannaq
comparative	parankuhina	parankukunahina
causative	parankurayku	parankukunarayku
benefactive	parankupaq	parankukunapaq
associative	parankupura	parankukunapura
distributive	parankunka	parankukunanka
exclusive	parankulla	parankukunalla

Derived terms

para jark'ana

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره‎ (para), from Persian ‎ (pâre).

Noun

para f (plural parale)

para
money

Declension

Declension of para

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(o) para	paraua	(niște) parale	paralele
genitive/dative	(unei) parale	paralei	(unor) parale	paralelor
vocative	—		—

Verb

a para (third-person singular present parează, past participle parat) 1st conj.

parry

Sanaviron

Noun

para

water

References

Julio Salinardi, Córdoba y Traslasierra: integración y disgregación (2006): Con respecto a la lengua sanavirona, hay algunas palabras cuyo significado es seguro, tales comon sacat (pueblo), charaba (cacique), para (agua) y mampa (acequia).
Čestmír Loukotka, ‎Johannes Wilbert (editor), Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968, Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, University of California), page(s) 48

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *para, *parъ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pâra/
Hyphenation: pa‧ra
Rhymes: -âra

Noun

pȁra f (Cyrillic spelling па̏ра)

steam
vapor
fume

Declension

Declension of para

	singular	plural
nominative	pȁra	pare
genitive	pare	pȃrā
dative	pari	parama
accusative	paru	pare
vocative	paro	pare
locative	pari	parama
instrumental	parom	parama

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره‎ (pare, para), from Persian ‎ (pâre).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pǎra/
Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Noun

pàra f (Cyrillic spelling па̀ра)

para (Yugoslav currency)
(colloquial) money (usually in plural)

Declension

Declension of para

	singular	plural
nominative	pàra	pare
genitive	pare	pȃrā
dative	pari	parama
accusative	paru	pare
vocative	paro	pare
locative	pari	parama
instrumental	parom	parama

Spanish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpaɾa/ [ˈpa.ɾa]
Rhymes: -aɾa
Syllabification: pa‧ra

Etymology 1

From earlier pora (a combination of por and a, or from Latin pro ad) via assimilation, influenced by the archaic preposition par.

Preposition

para

for, to (expressing a recipient)
La niña compró un regalo de navidad para su abuela.
The girl bought a Christmas gift for her grandmother.
Ahora me gustaría hacer un truco de magia para ustedes.
I'd now like to perform a magic trick for you all.
Synonyms: pa', (colloquial) pa
to, in order to, so, for (expressing the intended purpose of an action)
Estudio cada noche sin descanso para conseguir un trabajo decente al fin de todo esto.
I study every night tirelessly so that I get a decent job at the end of all this.
Voy a salir temprano para evitar el tráfico.
I am going to leave early to avoid traffic.
by, due, due on, due by (expressing a deadline)
Necesito tu decisión para fin de mes.
I need your decision by the end of the month.
Sus proyectos de grupo son para el viernes sin excepción.
Your group projects are due on Friday without exception.
for (expressing contrast from what is expected)
Para un turista americano, él es en realidad bastante respetuoso.
For an American tourist, he is actually pretty respectful.
for, to, in one's opinion, as far as one is concerned (expressing an opinion, perception or perspective)
Para mí, la música es lo único bueno sobre esa película.
For me, the music was the only good thing about that film.
Para mi hermano, su esposa tiene toda la razón.
As far as my brother is concerned, his wife is totally in the right.
for (expressing using one's efforts for a group or an authority figure such as a sports team or a company/boss)
Mi sobrino juega para el equipo de los Patos Poderosos.
My nephew plays for the Mighty Ducks' team.
Trabajamos para la misma jefe aunque no al mismo tiempo.
We worked for the same boss but not at the same time.
Ella trabajó para Microsoft durante años, pero ahora trabaja para Apple.
She worked for Microsoft for years, but now she works for Apple.

Derived terms

como para
estar para
para abajo
para arriba y para abajo
para colmo
para con
para gustos colores
para gustos hay colores
para más datos
para más inri
para muestra un botón
para qué
para que
para siempre
para sus adentros
tal para cual

Descendants

Hiligaynon: para
Tagalog: para

Etymology 2

Form of parar.

Verb

para

inflection of parar:
1. third-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative

Etymology 3

Form of parir.

Verb

para

inflection of parir:
1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
2. third-person singular imperative

Swedish

Etymology

From par +‎ -a.

Verb

para (present parar, preterite parade, supine parat, imperative para)

to pair, match into pairs
to mate (animals)

Conjugation

Conjugation of para (weak)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	para		paras
Supine	parat		parats
Imperative	para		—
Imper. plural¹	paren		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	parar	parade	paras	parades
Ind. plural¹	para	parade	paras	parades
Subjunctive²	pare	parade	pares	parades
	Participles
Present participle	parande
Past participle	parad
¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Related terms

parning

Noun

para c

(slang) money

Anagrams

apar, rapa

Tagalog

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: pa‧ra

IPA^(key): /ˈpaɾa/, [ˈpa.ɾɐ]
Audio (file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish para (“for”).

Conjunction

para

for; so; in order to
Para makapasok sa eskuwelahan, kailangan mo ng valid ID.
In order to be able to go inside the school, you need a valid ID.
Synonyms: upang, nang

Preposition

para

for
Nagtatrabaho si Ate Virgie para sa kanyang pamilya.
Virgie works for her family.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish para (“stop”) (second person singular imperative), from parar (“stop”).

Interjection

para

Said by any jeepney passenger to call onto the driver to halt the vehicle, with the intention of dismounting.
Synonyms: tigil, hinto

Usage notes

The word is usually paired with ho for respect: para ho.

Derived terms

papara
paparahin
parahin
pumara

Etymology 3

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pada (“same, equal, like”). Compare Ilocano pada, Malay pada, Makasar ᨄᨑ (para), Old Javanese paḍa. Also possibly borrowed from Spanish comparar.

Adjective

para

looking like; seem
Para kang tanga...
You look like an idiot...
Parang may gusto ka sa akin.
You seem to like me / have a crush on me.
Synonym: mukha

Usage notes

Common as parang in younger speakers, instead of the enclitic (like siya) in between para and -ng.
Parang... Parang aso siya
It looks like... It looks like a dog
(instead of para siyang aso)

Derived terms

kapara
magkapara
parang

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish پاره‎ (pare, para), from Persian ‎ (pâre). Doublet of pare.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pɑˈɾɑ/
Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Noun

para (definite accusative parayı, plural paralar)

money

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	para
Definite accusative	parayı
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	para	paralar
Definite accusative	parayı	paraları
Dative	paraya	paralara
Locative	parada	paralarda
Ablative	paradan	paralardan
Genitive	paranın	paraların

Derived terms

(informal) beş para etmez (twopenny-ha'penny,inconsequential,ineffective,contemptible)
(informal) beş parasız (stone broke)
(informal) para babası (rolling in money)
parasız
(idiomatic) para pul (material wealth,fiat and representative money)
sahte para (counterfeit money)

Descendants

→ German: Para
→ Swedish: para

Welsh

Pronunciation

(North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈpara/
(South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈpaːra/, /ˈpara/

Verb

para (first-person singular present paraf)

Alternative form of parhau (“to endure, to last”)

Conjugation

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
Inflected colloquial forms	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	para i, paraf i	pari di	parith o/e/hi, pariff e/hi	parwn ni	parwch chi	paran nhw
conditional	parwn i, parswn i	paret ti, parset ti	parai fo/fe/hi, parsai fo/fe/hi	paren ni, parsen ni	parech chi, parsech chi	paren nhw, parsen nhw
preterite	parais i, pares i	paraist ti, parest ti	parodd o/e/hi	paron ni	paroch chi	paron nhw
imperative	—	para	—	—	parwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Noun

para m (uncountable)

continuance, perseverance, permanence

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
para	bara	mhara	phara
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.