pakertaa
Finnish
Etymology 1
From pak- + -ertaa; probably a sound-symbolic formation based on words like nakertaa, takertaa, and in terms of meaning, ahertaa. According to Ruppel (2021), possibly a blend of pakko + ahertaa.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpɑkertɑːˣ/, [ˈpɑke̞rt̪ɑː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ɑkertɑː
- Syllabification(key): pa‧ker‧taa
Verb
pakertaa
- (intransitive) To work hard.
Conjugation
| Inflection of pakertaa (Kotus type 54*K/huutaa, rt-rr gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | pakerran | en pakerra | 1st sing. | olen pakertanut | en ole pakertanut | |
| 2nd sing. | pakerrat | et pakerra | 2nd sing. | olet pakertanut | et ole pakertanut | |
| 3rd sing. | pakertaa | ei pakerra | 3rd sing. | on pakertanut | ei ole pakertanut | |
| 1st plur. | pakerramme | emme pakerra | 1st plur. | olemme pakertaneet | emme ole pakertaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | pakerratte | ette pakerra | 2nd plur. | olette pakertaneet | ette ole pakertaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | pakertavat | eivät pakerra | 3rd plur. | ovat pakertaneet | eivät ole pakertaneet | |
| passive | pakerretaan | ei pakerreta | passive | on pakerrettu | ei ole pakerrettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | pakersin | en pakertanut | 1st sing. | olin pakertanut | en ollut pakertanut | |
| 2nd sing. | pakersit | et pakertanut | 2nd sing. | olit pakertanut | et ollut pakertanut | |
| 3rd sing. | pakersi | ei pakertanut | 3rd sing. | oli pakertanut | ei ollut pakertanut | |
| 1st plur. | pakersimme | emme pakertaneet | 1st plur. | olimme pakertaneet | emme olleet pakertaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | pakersitte | ette pakertaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte pakertaneet | ette olleet pakertaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | pakersivat | eivät pakertaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat pakertaneet | eivät olleet pakertaneet | |
| passive | pakerrettiin | ei pakerrettu | passive | oli pakerrettu | ei ollut pakerrettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | pakertaisin | en pakertaisi | 1st sing. | olisin pakertanut | en olisi pakertanut | |
| 2nd sing. | pakertaisit | et pakertaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit pakertanut | et olisi pakertanut | |
| 3rd sing. | pakertaisi | ei pakertaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi pakertanut | ei olisi pakertanut | |
| 1st plur. | pakertaisimme | emme pakertaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme pakertaneet | emme olisi pakertaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | pakertaisitte | ette pakertaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte pakertaneet | ette olisi pakertaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | pakertaisivat | eivät pakertaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat pakertaneet | eivät olisi pakertaneet | |
| passive | pakerrettaisiin | ei pakerrettaisi | passive | olisi pakerrettu | ei olisi pakerrettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | pakerra | älä pakerra | 2nd sing. | ole pakertanut | älä ole pakertanut | |
| 3rd sing. | pakertakoon | älköön pakertako | 3rd sing. | olkoon pakertanut | älköön olko pakertanut | |
| 1st plur. | pakertakaamme | älkäämme pakertako | 1st plur. | olkaamme pakertaneet | älkäämme olko pakertaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | pakertakaa | älkää pakertako | 2nd plur. | olkaa pakertaneet | älkää olko pakertaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | pakertakoot | älkööt pakertako | 3rd plur. | olkoot pakertaneet | älkööt olko pakertaneet | |
| passive | pakerrettakoon | älköön pakerrettako | passive | olkoon pakerrettu | älköön olko pakerrettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | pakertanen | en pakertane | 1st sing. | lienen pakertanut | en liene pakertanut | |
| 2nd sing. | pakertanet | et pakertane | 2nd sing. | lienet pakertanut | et liene pakertanut | |
| 3rd sing. | pakertanee | ei pakertane | 3rd sing. | lienee pakertanut | ei liene pakertanut | |
| 1st plur. | pakertanemme | emme pakertane | 1st plur. | lienemme pakertaneet | emme liene pakertaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | pakertanette | ette pakertane | 2nd plur. | lienette pakertaneet | ette liene pakertaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | pakertanevat | eivät pakertane | 3rd plur. | lienevät pakertaneet | eivät liene pakertaneet | |
| passive | pakerrettaneen | ei pakerrettane | passive | lienee pakerrettu | ei liene pakerrettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | pakertaa | present | pakertava | pakerrettava | ||
| long 1st2 | pakertaakseen | past | pakertanut | pakerrettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | pakertaessa | pakerrettaessa | agent1, 3 | pakertama | |
| instructive | pakertaen | — | negative | pakertamaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | pakertamassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | pakertamasta | — | ||||
| illative | pakertamaan | — | ||||
| adessive | pakertamalla | — | ||||
| abessive | pakertamatta | — | ||||
| instructive | pakertaman | pakerrettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | pakertaminen | ||||
| partitive | pakertamista | |||||
| 5th2 | pakertamaisillaan | |||||
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpɑkertɑː/, [ˈpɑke̞rt̪ɑː]
- Rhymes: -ɑkertɑː
- Syllabification(key): pa‧ker‧taa
Verb
pakertaa
- third-person singular present indicative of pakertaa
References
- Ruppel, Klaas, editor (2021—2022) Suomen etymologinen sanakirja [Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Kotimaisten kielten keskus