otium
Latin
Alternative forms
- ōcium (medieval)
Etymology
Uncertain;[1] perhaps from Proto-Italic *autiom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewtyom (“forlorn, deserted”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew (“off, away from”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈoː.ti.um/, [ˈoːt̪iʊ̃ˑ]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈot.t͡si.um/, [ˈɔt̪ː͡s̪ium]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Noun
ōtium n (genitive ōtiī or ōtī); second declension
- time free from activity: leisure, free time
- time avoiding activity: idleness, inactivity
- Synonyms: dēsidia, pigritia, segnitia, ignavia, inertia, sōcordia
- Antonyms: impigritās, alacritās, strēnuitās, āctīvitās
- 1731, Johann Jakob Brucker:
- Otium Vindelicum sive Meletematum Historico-philosophicorum Triga
- Augsburg Idleness, or, a Triga of Historico-Philosophical Essays
- Otium Vindelicum sive Meletematum Historico-philosophicorum Triga
- peace, quiet, quietness
- Synonyms: quies, tranquillitas, serenitas, pax
- ease
Declension
Second-declension noun (neuter).
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ōtium | ōtia |
| Genitive | ōtiī ōtī1 | ōtiōrum |
| Dative | ōtiō | ōtiīs |
| Accusative | ōtium | ōtia |
| Ablative | ōtiō | ōtiīs |
| Vocative | ōtium | ōtia |
1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).
Derived terms
- negōtium
- ōtiōsus
Descendants
- Catalan: oci
- Italian: ozio
- Portuguese: ócio
- Sicilian: uzziu (obsolete), ozziu
- Spanish: ocio
- English: otiose
References
- “otium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “otium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- otium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be at leisure: otium habere
- to be a lover of ease, leisure: otium sequi, amplexari
- (ambiguous) to use up, make full use of one's spare time: otio abūti or otium ad suum usum transferre
- to retire into private life: in otium se referre (Fam. 99)
- (ambiguous) to be at leisure: in otio esse or vivere
- (ambiguous) to be at leisure: otio frui
- (ambiguous) to have abundance of leisure: otio abundare
- (ambiguous) to use up, make full use of one's spare time: otio abūti or otium ad suum usum transferre
- (ambiguous) to grow slack with inactivity, stagnate: (in) otio languere et hebescere
- (ambiguous) to grow slack with inactivity, stagnate: otio diffluere
- to be at leisure: otium habere
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin otium.
Noun
otium n (definite singular otiet or otiumet, indefinite plural otier, definite plural otia or otiene)
- rest, leisure
References
- “otium” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- “otium” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin otium.
Noun
otium n (plural otiet)
- rest, leisure
References
- “otium” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.