-ot
See also: Appendix:Variations of "ot"
Catalan
Etymology
From Latin -ottus (“a kind of”).
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈ-ɔt/
Suffix
-ot
- A suffix to form augmentatives.
- peix (“fish”) + -ot → peixot (“large fish”)
- peu + -ot → peuot
- clatell + -ot → clatellot
- A suffix used to form a masculine noun from a feminine noun that is a particular type of the root.
- cuixa (“thigh”) + -ot → cuixot (“ham”)
- illa (“island”) + -ot → illot (“islet”)
- ungla (“fingernail”) + -ot → unglot (“cloven hoof”)
- A suffix used to form a masculine noun from a feminine noun that that is the male with the root being the female.
- abella (“bee”) + -ot → abellot (“drone”)
- merla + -ot → merlot
Derived terms
Catalan terms suffixed with -ot
Further reading
- “-ot”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-otъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈot]
Suffix
-ot m
- Forms masculine nouns, often referring to sounds.
Derived terms
Czech terms suffixed with -ot
Further reading
- -ot in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017
French
Etymology
Variant of -et, originally from Burgundy. See Burgundian -ôt.
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Suffix
-ot
- A diminutive indicator for certain words, functioning similarly to the more common -et. Used for some names:
- petit + -ot → petiot
- Pierre + -ot → Pierrot
- Charles + -ot → Charlot
Derived terms
- -oter (“diminutive indicator for verbs”)
French terms suffixed with -ot
Hungarian
| Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ed | suffix | who? | what? | this | that | he/she (it)* | ||
| case | v. pr. | c. | ||||||
| nom. | – | ki | mi | ez | az | ő* / -∅ az / -∅ | – | – |
| acc. | -t/ -ot / -at / -et / -öt | kit | mit | ezt | azt | őt* / -∅ azt / -∅ | – | c1 c2 |
| dat. | -nak/ -nek | kinek | minek | ennek | annak | neki | neki- | c |
| ins. | -val/ -vel | kivel | mivel | ezzel/ evvel | azzal/ avval | vele | c | |
| c-f. | -ért | kiért | miért | ezért | azért | érte | – | c |
| tra. | -vá/ -vé | kivé | mivé | ezzé | azzá | – | – | c |
| ter. | -ig | – | meddig | eddig | addig | – | – | c |
| e-f. | -ként | (kiként) | (miként) | ekként | akként | – | – | c |
| e-m. | -ul/ -ül | – | – | – | – | – | – | c |
| ine. | -ban/ -ben | kiben | miben | ebben | abban | benne | – | c |
| sup. | -n/-on/-en/-ön | kin | min | ezen | azon | rajta | (rajta-) | c |
| ade. | -nál/ -nél | kinél | minél | ennél | annál | nála | – | c |
| ill. | -ba/ -be | kibe | mibe | ebbe | abba | bele | bele- | c |
| sub. | -ra/ -re | kire | mire | erre | arra | rá | rá- | c |
| all. | -hoz/-hez/-höz | kihez | mihez | ehhez | ahhoz | hozzá | hozzá- | c |
| el. | -ból/ -ből | kiből | miből | ebből | abból | belőle | – | c |
| del. | -ról/ -ről | kiről | miről | erről | arról | róla | – | c |
| abl. | -tól/ -től | kitől | mitől | ettől | attól | tőle | – | c |
| *: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All » | ||||||||
Etymology
-o- + -t (accusative suffix)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ot]
Suffix
-ot
- (accusative suffix) Used to form the accusative case.
- ablak (“window”) → Kinyitotta az ablakot. - She opened the window.
- nagy (“big”) → nagyot sóhajt - to have a deep sigh
- hat (“six”) → Hány könyvet vettél? - Hatot. - How many books did you buy? - Six.
Usage notes
- (accusative suffix): It can be added to nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns. Whether a suffix-initial vowel (linking vowel) will be used is hard to predict and thus needs to be learned with each word. A rule of thumb, however, is that older and shorter words tend to incorporate a vowel, rather than simply use -t. Variants:
- -t is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-. Final -o in foreign words changes to -ó-.
- -ot is added to most back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -at is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -et is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -öt is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -∅ (zero form), optionally, after possessive suffixes, especially in the singular but sometimes also in the plural (and not infrequently after multiple-possession forms as well), except for the third-person singular (“his/her/its”, -ja/-je) as its omission would not reduce the number of syllables.
- Elviszem a kabátom(at/∅), kabátod(at/∅); kabátunk(at/∅), kabátotok(at/∅), kabátjuk(at/∅); kabátjaim(at/∅) etc.
- I’ll take my coat, your coat; our coat, [plural] your coat, their coat; my coats etc.
- It is also omitted usually from the accusative forms of first- and second-person singular personal pronouns (engem, téged (“me, you”)).
Hungarian case suffixes
| Case | Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú | Front vowel | |
|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded e, é, i, í | rounded ö, ő, ü, ű | ||
| nominative | — | ||
| accusative | -t | ||
| -ot / -at | -et | -öt | |
| dative | -nak | -nek | |
| instrumental | -val | -vel | |
| causal-final | -ért | ||
| translative | -vá | -vé | |
| terminative | -ig | ||
| essive-formal | -ként | ||
| essive-modal | -ul | -ül | |
| inessive | -ban | -ben | |
| superessive | -n | ||
| -on | -en | -ön | |
| adessive | -nál | -nél | |
| illative | -ba | -be | |
| sublative | -ra | -re | |
| allative | -hoz | -hez | -höz |
| elative | -ból | -ből | |
| delative | -ról | -ről | |
| ablative | -tól | -től | |
| Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként. alma — almában, but almaként zene ― zenében, but zeneként | |||
See also
- Category:Hungarian noun forms
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
Northern Sami
Etymology
From Proto-Samic *-ujëtēk.
Suffix
-ot
- Forms automative passive verbs, which imply the lack of a purposive agent.
Usage notes
- This suffix triggers the strongest grade on a preceding stressed syllable.
Inflection
| Contracted o-stem, no gradation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | -ot | ||
| 1st sing. present | -on | ||
| 1st sing. past | -ojin | ||
| infinitive | -ot | action noun | -on |
| present participle | -ojeaddji | action inessive | -omin -ome |
| past participle | -on | action elative | -omis |
| agent participle | — | action comitative | -omiin |
| abessive | -okeahttá | ||
| present indicative | past indicative | imperative | |
| 1st singular | -on | -ojin | -ojēhkon |
| 2nd singular | -ot | -ojit | -o |
| 3rd singular | -o | -ui | -ojēhkos |
| 1st dual | -ojetne | -uime | -ojeadnu -ojeahkku |
| 2nd dual | -obeahtti | -uide | -ojeahkki |
| 3rd dual | -oba | -uiga | -ojēhkoska |
| 1st plural | -ot | -uimet | -ojētnot -ojēhkot -ojeahkkot -ojeadnot |
| 2nd plural | -obēhtet | -uidet | -ojēhket |
| 3rd plural | -ojit | -ojedje | -ojēhkoset |
| connegative | -o | -on | -o |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | |
| 1st singular | -ošin -ošedjen | -olin -oledjen | -ožan |
| 2nd singular | -ošit -ošedjet | -olit -oledjet | -ožat |
| 3rd singular | -ošii | -olii | -oža -oš |
| 1st dual | -ošeimme | -oleimme | -ožetne |
| 2nd dual | -ošeidde | -oleidde | -ožeahppi |
| 3rd dual | -ošeigga | -oleigga | -ožeaba |
| 1st plural | -ošeimmet | -oleimmet | -ožit -ožat |
| 2nd plural | -ošeiddet | -oleiddet | -ožēhpet |
| 3rd plural | -oše -ošedje | -ole -oledje | -ožit |
| connegative | -oše | -ole | -oš |
Derived terms
Northern Sami terms suffixed with -ot
See also
- -ojuvˈvot
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *-utją.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ot/
Suffix
-ot
- Alternative form of -et
Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-otъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɔt/
- Rhymes: -ɔt
- Syllabification: ot
Suffix
-ot m
- forms masculine nouns, typically sounds
- stukać + -ot → stukot
Conjugation
Declension of -ot
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -ot | -oty |
| genitive | -otu | -otów |
| dative | -otowi | -otom |
| accusative | -ot | -oty |
| instrumental | -otem | -otami |
| locative | -ocie | -otach |
| vocative | -ocie | -oty |
Derived terms
Polish terms suffixed with -ot
See also
- -kać
- -otać
Further reading
- -ot in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- -ot in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Seneca
Suffix
-ot
- root for standing
References
- Wallace Chafe (2014) A Grammar of the Seneca Language, University of California Press, page 87
Volapük
Suffix
-ot
- Used to indicate a more concrete or more serious example.
Derived terms
Volapük terms suffixed with -ot