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单词 orangutan
释义

orangutan

See also: orangután, orang-utan, orang utan, Orang-Utan, órang-útan, and órangútan

English

Two orangutans, a mother and child

Alternative forms

  • orang-utan, orang-outang, ourang-outang, orangoutang, orang utan
  • (rare) orangutang, ourang outang, orang-outan, ourangoutang, orang-utang, ourang-outan, oran-outang, orang-otang, orangoutan, orangotang, orang-otan, uran-utan, oran-otan, orang-hutan

Etymology

From Malay orang (“person, man”) + hutan (“forest”); literally, "forest man". Other names for the animal are mawas and mayas.

The name orangutan has been used in Old Javanese texts, notably in Rāmāyaṇa and in Smaradahana in the form of uraŋutan and wuraŋutan. The usage of the word to refer to the apes in these texts opposes the belief of the name orangutan originating from a European source.[1]

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ɔːˌɹæŋ.uːˈtæn/, /ˌɔː.ɹæŋˈuː.tæn/[2]
  • (UK, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA(key): /ɔəˌɹæŋuːˈtæn/, /ˌɔə.ɹæŋˈuː.tæn/[3]
  • (US) IPA(key): /əˈɹæŋ.əˌtæn/, /əˈɹæŋ.əˌtæŋ/, /ɔˈɹæŋ.ʊˌtæn/, /oʊˈɹæŋ-/[4]
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Audio (UK)(file)

Noun

orangutan (plural orangutans)

  1. Any of three species of arboreal anthropoid ape, characterised by their shaggy reddish-brown coat and long arms, which comprise the genus Pongo; Pongo pygmaeus of Borneo, Pongo abelii of Sumatra or Pongo tapanuliensis of South Tapanuli (in Sumatra).

Usage notes

  • Formerly considered a single species.
  • First described scientifically in 1758 by Carl Linnaeus as Homo Sylvestris.
  • Renamed Simia pygmaeus in 1760 by his student Christian Emmanuel Hopp, then placed in Pongo by Lacépède in 1799.
  • From 1996, divided into two species: the Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus, with three subspecies) and the Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii).
  • The third species, the Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis), was identified definitively in 2017.

Derived terms

  • Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii)
  • Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis)

Descendants

  • → Catalan: orangutan
  • → Czech: orangutan
  • → Faroese: orangutang (perhaps via another European language)
  • → French: orang-outan, ourang-outang
    • → Romanian: urangutan
  • → German: Orang-Utan
  • → Greek: ουρακοτάγκος (ourakotágkos)
  • → Hungarian: orangután
  • → Italian: orangutan, orango
  • → Japanese: オランウータン (oran'ūtan)
  • → Polish: orangutan
  • → Russian: орангутан (orangutan), орангутанг (orangutang)
    • → Armenian: օրանգուտան (ōrangutan)
  • → Serbo-Croatian:
    • Cyrillic: орангу̀та̄н
    • Latin: orangùtān
  • → Sicilian: rangutanu
  • → Spanish: orangután
    • → Galician: orangután
  • → Swedish: orangutang
  • → Thai: อุรังอุตัง (ù-rang-ù-dtang)
  • → Turkish: orangutan

Translations

References

  1. https://brill.com/view/journals/bki/176/4/article-p532_5.xml?language=en
  2. “orangutan”, in Collins English Dictionary.
  3. The Chambers Dictionary, 9th Ed., 2003
  4. “orangutan”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

Catalan

Etymology

From English orangutan, from Malay orang utan.

Pronunciation

  • (Balearic) IPA(key): /o.ɾəŋ.ɡuˈtan/
  • (Central) IPA(key): /u.ɾəŋ.ɡuˈtan/
  • (Valencian) IPA(key): /o.ɾaŋ.ɡuˈtan/

Noun

orangutan m (plural orangutans)

  1. orangutan

Further reading

  • “orangutan” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Czech

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈoraŋɡutan]

Noun

orangutan m anim

  1. orangutan

Derived terms

  • orangutaní

Further reading

  • orangutan in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • orangutan in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Italian

Alternative forms

  • orango, urango, orangotango, orangutango, orangotano, orangutano, rangutan, rangutano

Etymology

Borrowed from English orangutan, from Malay orang utan.

Noun

orangutan m (invariable)

  1. orangutan

Polish

orangutan

Etymology

Borrowed from English orangutan, from Malay orang (“person, man”) + hutan (“forest”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɔ.raŋˈɡu.tan/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -utan
  • Syllabification: o‧ran‧gu‧tan

Noun

orangutan m anim

  1. orangutan

Declension

Declension of orangutan
singularplural
nominativeorangutanorangutany
genitiveorangutanaorangutanów
dativeorangutanowiorangutanom
accusativeorangutanaorangutany
instrumentalorangutanemorangutanami
locativeorangutanieorangutanach
vocativeorangutanieorangutany

Descendants

  • → Kashubian: orangùtan

Further reading

  • orangutan in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • orangutan in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Noun

orangutan m (plural orangutani)

  1. Alternative form of urangutan

Declension

Declension of orangutan
singularplural
indefinite articulationdefinite articulationindefinite articulationdefinite articulation
nominative/accusative(un) orangutanorangutanul(niște) orangutaniorangutanii
genitive/dative(unui) orangutanorangutanului(unor) orangutaniorangutanilor
vocativeorangutanuleorangutanilor

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From English orangutan, from Malay orang utan.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /oranɡǔtaːn/
  • Hyphenation: o‧ran‧gu‧tan

Noun

orangùtān m (Cyrillic spelling орангу̀та̄н)

  1. orangutan

Declension

Declension of orangutan
singularplural
nominativeorangutanorangutani
genitiveorangutanaorangutana
dativeorangutanuorangutanima
accusativeorangutanaorangutane
vocativeorangutaneorangutani
locativeorangutanuorangutanima
instrumentalorangutanomorangutanima

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish اورانغوتان‎ (orangutan), from French orangoutan, from Malay orang utan.

Noun

orangutan

  1. orangutan

Declension

Inflection
Nominativeorangutan
Definite accusativeorangutanı
SingularPlural
Nominativeorangutanorangutanlar
Definite accusativeorangutanıorangutanları
Dativeorangutanaorangutanlara
Locativeorangutandaorangutanlarda
Ablativeorangutandanorangutanlardan
Genitiveorangutanınorangutanların
Possessive forms
Nominative
SingularPlural
1st singularorangutanımorangutanlarım
2nd singularorangutanınorangutanların
3rd singularorangutanıorangutanları
1st pluralorangutanımızorangutanlarımız
2nd pluralorangutanınızorangutanlarınız
3rd pluralorangutanlarıorangutanları
Definite accusative
SingularPlural
1st singularorangutanımıorangutanlarımı
2nd singularorangutanınıorangutanlarını
3rd singularorangutanınıorangutanlarını
1st pluralorangutanımızıorangutanlarımızı
2nd pluralorangutanınızıorangutanlarınızı
3rd pluralorangutanlarınıorangutanlarını
Dative
SingularPlural
1st singularorangutanımaorangutanlarıma
2nd singularorangutanınaorangutanlarına
3rd singularorangutanınaorangutanlarına
1st pluralorangutanımızaorangutanlarımıza
2nd pluralorangutanınızaorangutanlarınıza
3rd pluralorangutanlarınaorangutanlarına
Locative
SingularPlural
1st singularorangutanımdaorangutanlarımda
2nd singularorangutanındaorangutanlarında
3rd singularorangutanındaorangutanlarında
1st pluralorangutanımızdaorangutanlarımızda
2nd pluralorangutanınızdaorangutanlarınızda
3rd pluralorangutanlarındaorangutanlarında
Ablative
SingularPlural
1st singularorangutanımdanorangutanlarımdan
2nd singularorangutanındanorangutanlarından
3rd singularorangutanındanorangutanlarından
1st pluralorangutanımızdanorangutanlarımızdan
2nd pluralorangutanınızdanorangutanlarınızdan
3rd pluralorangutanlarındanorangutanlarından
Genitive
SingularPlural
1st singularorangutanımınorangutanlarımın
2nd singularorangutanınınorangutanlarının
3rd singularorangutanınınorangutanlarının
1st pluralorangutanımızınorangutanlarımızın
2nd pluralorangutanınızınorangutanlarınızın
3rd pluralorangutanlarınınorangutanlarının

References

  • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “orangutan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
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