operio
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *opwerjō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ópi (“at, near”) (whence ob) + *h₂wer- (“to cover, shut”) + *-ye-.[1] Related to aperiō.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /oˈpe.ri.oː/, [ɔˈpɛrioː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /oˈpe.ri.o/, [oˈpɛːrio]
Verb
operiō (present infinitive operīre, perfect active operuī, supine opertum); fourth conjugation
- I cover (over something); envelop.
- (by extension) I shut, close.
- Synonyms: inclūdō, interclūdō, claudō, intersaepiō, arceō, obserō
- Antonyms: adaperiō, aperiō
- (figuratively) I hide, conceal, dissemble.
- Synonyms: vēlō, dissimulō, occultō, indūcō, obnūbō, occulō, condō, recondō, verrō, obruō, adoperiō, nūbō, tegō, abdō, abscondō, comprimō, prōtegō, cooperiō, premō, opprimō, mergō
- Antonyms: adaperiō, aperiō
- (figuratively) I overwhelm, burden.
- (figuratively, of a sin) I atone for, cover, cause to be forgotten.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of operiō (fourth conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | operiō | operīs | operit | operīmus | operītis | operiunt |
| imperfect | operiēbam | operiēbās | operiēbat | operiēbāmus | operiēbātis | operiēbant | |
| future | operiam | operiēs | operiet | operiēmus | operiētis | operient | |
| perfect | operuī | operuistī | operuit | operuimus | operuistis | operuērunt, operuēre | |
| pluperfect | operueram | operuerās | operuerat | operuerāmus | operuerātis | operuerant | |
| future perfect | operuerō | operueris | operuerit | operuerimus | operueritis | operuerint | |
| passive | present | operior | operīris, operīre | operītur | operīmur | operīminī | operiuntur |
| imperfect | operiēbar | operiēbāris, operiēbāre | operiēbātur | operiēbāmur | operiēbāminī | operiēbantur | |
| future | operiar | operiēris, operiēre | operiētur | operiēmur | operiēminī | operientur | |
| perfect | opertus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | opertus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | opertus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | operiam | operiās | operiat | operiāmus | operiātis | operiant |
| imperfect | operīrem | operīrēs | operīret | operīrēmus | operīrētis | operīrent | |
| perfect | operuerim | operuerīs | operuerit | operuerīmus | operuerītis | operuerint | |
| pluperfect | operuissem | operuissēs | operuisset | operuissēmus | operuissētis | operuissent | |
| passive | present | operiar | operiāris, operiāre | operiātur | operiāmur | operiāminī | operiantur |
| imperfect | operīrer | operīrēris, operīrēre | operīrētur | operīrēmur | operīrēminī | operīrentur | |
| perfect | opertus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | opertus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | operī | — | — | operīte | — |
| future | — | operītō | operītō | — | operītōte | operiuntō | |
| passive | present | — | operīre | — | — | operīminī | — |
| future | — | operītor | operītor | — | — | operiuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | operīre | operuisse | opertūrum esse | operīrī | opertum esse | opertum īrī | |
| participles | operiēns | — | opertūrus | — | opertus | operiendus, operiundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| operiendī | operiendō | operiendum | operiendō | opertum | opertū | ||
Derived terms
- adoperiō
- cooperiō
- deoperiō
- operculum
- operīmentum
- opertāneus
- opertē
- opertiō
- opertō
- opertōrium
- opertum
- opertus
References
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “operiō, -īre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 429
Further reading
- “operio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “operio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- operio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to uncover one's head: caput aperire (opp. operire)
- to close the eyes of a dying person: oculos operire (morienti)
- (ambiguous) to put the finishing touch to a work: extrema manus accēdit operi (active extremam manum imponere operi)
- to uncover one's head: caput aperire (opp. operire)
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN