onja

Swahili

Verb

-onja (infinitive kuonja)

to taste, try, test; investigate, examine

Conjugation

Conjugation of -onja

Non-finite forms

Form

Positive

Negative

Infinitive

kuonja

kutoonja

Simple finite forms

Positive form

Singular

Plural

Imperative

onja

onjeni

Habitual

huonja

Complex finite forms

Polarity

Persons

Persons / Classes

Classes

1st

2nd

3rd / M-wa

M-mi

Ma

Ki-vi

N

U

Ku

Pa

Mu

Sg.

Pl.

Sg.

Pl.

Sg. / 1

Pl. / 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11 / 14

15 / 17

16

18

Past
Positive	nilionja nalionja	tulionja twalionja	ulionja walionja	mlionja mwalionja	alionja	walionja	ulionja	ilionja	lilionja	yalionja	kilionja	vilionja	ilionja	zilionja	ulionja	kulionja	palionja	mulionja
Relative	nilioonja nalioonja	tulioonja twalioonja	ulioonja walioonja	mlioonja mwalioonja	alioonja	walioonja	ulioonja	ilioonja	lilioonja	yalioonja	kilioonja	vilioonja	ilioonja	zilioonja	ulioonja	kulioonja	palioonja	mulioonja
Negative	sikuonja	hatukuonja	hukuonja	hamkuonja	hakuonja	hawakuonja	haukuonja	haikuonja	halikuonja	hayakuonja	hakikuonja	havikuonja	haikuonja	hazikuonja	haukuonja	hakukuonja	hapakuonja	hamukuonja

Present
Positive	ninaonja naonja	tunaonja	unaonja	mnaonja	anaonja	wanaonja	unaonja	inaonja	linaonja	yanaonja	kinaonja	vinaonja	inaonja	zinaonja	unaonja	kunaonja	panaonja	munaonja
Relative	ninaoonja naoonja	tunaoonja	unaoonja	mnaoonja	anaoonja	wanaoonja	unaoonja	inaoonja	linaoonja	yanaoonja	kinaoonja	vinaoonja	inaoonja	zinaoonja	unaoonja	kunaoonja	panaoonja	munaoonja
Negative	sionji	hatuonji	huonji	hamonji	haonji	hawaonji	hauonji	haionji	halionji	hayaonji	hakionji	havionji	haionji	hazionji	hauonji	hakuonji	hapaonji	hamuonji

Future
Positive	nitaonja	tutaonja	utaonja	mtaonja	ataonja	wataonja	utaonja	itaonja	litaonja	yataonja	kitaonja	vitaonja	itaonja	zitaonja	utaonja	kutaonja	pataonja	mutaonja
Relative	nitakaoonja	tutakaoonja	utakaoonja	mtakaoonja	atakaoonja	watakaoonja	utakaoonja	itakaoonja	litakaoonja	yatakaoonja	kitakaoonja	vitakaoonja	itakaoonja	zitakaoonja	utakaoonja	kutakaoonja	patakaoonja	mutakaoonja
Negative	sitaonja	hatutaonja	hutaonja	hamtaonja	hataonja	hawataonja	hautaonja	haitaonja	halitaonja	hayataonja	hakitaonja	havitaonja	haitaonja	hazitaonja	hautaonja	hakutaonja	hapataonja	hamutaonja

Subjunctive
Positive	nionje	tuonje	uonje	monje	aonje	waonje	uonje	ionje	lionje	yaonje	kionje	vionje	ionje	zionje	uonje	kuonje	paonje	muonje
Negative	nisionje	tusionje	usionje	msionje	asionje	wasionje	usionje	isionje	lisionje	yasionje	kisionje	visionje	isionje	zisionje	usionje	kusionje	pasionje	musionje

Present Conditional
Positive	ningeonja	tungeonja	ungeonja	mngeonja	angeonja	wangeonja	ungeonja	ingeonja	lingeonja	yangeonja	kingeonja	vingeonja	ingeonja	zingeonja	ungeonja	kungeonja	pangeonja	mungeonja
Negative	nisingeonja singeonja	tusingeonja hatungeonja	usingeonja hungeonja	msingeonja hamngeonja	asingeonja hangeonja	wasingeonja hawangeonja	usingeonja haungeonja	isingeonja haingeonja	lisingeonja halingeonja	yasingeonja hayangeonja	kisingeonja hakingeonja	visingeonja havingeonja	isingeonja haingeonja	zisingeonja hazingeonja	usingeonja haungeonja	kusingeonja hakungeonja	pasingeonja hapangeonja	musingeonja hamungeonja

Past Conditional
Positive	ningalionja	tungalionja	ungalionja	mngalionja	angalionja	wangalionja	ungalionja	ingalionja	lingalionja	yangalionja	kingalionja	vingalionja	ingalionja	zingalionja	ungalionja	kungalionja	pangalionja	mungalionja
Negative	nisingalionja singalionja	tusingalionja hatungalionja	usingalionja hungalionja	msingalionja hamngalionja	asingalionja hangalionja	wasingalionja hawangalionja	usingalionja haungalionja	isingalionja haingalionja	lisingalionja halingalionja	yasingalionja hayangalionja	kisingalionja hakingalionja	visingalionja havingalionja	isingalionja haingalionja	zisingalionja hazingalionja	usingalionja haungalionja	kusingalionja hakungalionja	pasingalionja hapangalionja	musingalionja hamungalionja

Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive	ningelionja	tungelionja	ungelionja	mngelionja	angelionja	wangelionja	ungelionja	ingelionja	lingelionja	yangelionja	kingelionja	vingelionja	ingelionja	zingelionja	ungelionja	kungelionja	pangelionja	mungelionja

General Relative
Positive	nionjao	tuonjao	uonjao	monjao	aonjao	waonjao	uonjao	ionjao	lionjao	yaonjao	kionjao	vionjao	ionjao	zionjao	uonjao	kuonjao	paonjao	muonjao
Negative	nisioonja	tusioonja	usioonja	msioonja	asioonja	wasioonja	usioonja	isioonja	lisioonja	yasioonja	kisioonja	visioonja	isioonja	zisioonja	usioonja	kusioonja	pasioonja	musioonja

Gnomic
Positive	naonja	twaonja	waonja	mwaonja	aonja	waonja	waonja	yaonja	laonja	yaonja	chaonja	vyaonja	yaonja	zaonja	waonja	kwaonja	paonja	mwaonja

Perfect
Positive	nimeonja	tumeonja	umeonja	mmeonja	ameonja	wameonja	umeonja	imeonja	limeonja	yameonja	kimeonja	vimeonja	imeonja	zimeonja	umeonja	kumeonja	pameonja	mumeonja

"Already"
Positive	nimeshaonja	tumeshaonja	umeshaonja	mmeshaonja	ameshaonja	wameshaonja	umeshaonja	imeshaonja	limeshaonja	yameshaonja	kimeshaonja	vimeshaonja	imeshaonja	zimeshaonja	umeshaonja	kumeshaonja	pameshaonja	mumeshaonja

"Not yet"
Negative	sijaonja	hatujaonja	hujaonja	hamjaonja	hajaonja	hawajaonja	haujaonja	haijaonja	halijaonja	hayajaonja	hakijaonja	havijaonja	haijaonja	hazijaonja	haujaonja	hakujaonja	hapajaonja	hamujaonja

"If/When"
Positive	nikionja	tukionja	ukionja	mkionja	akionja	wakionja	ukionja	ikionja	likionja	yakionja	kikionja	vikionja	ikionja	zikionja	ukionja	kukionja	pakionja	mukionja

"If not"
Negative	nisipoonja	tusipoonja	usipoonja	msipoonja	asipoonja	wasipoonja	usipoonja	isipoonja	lisipoonja	yasipoonja	kisipoonja	visipoonja	isipoonja	zisipoonja	usipoonja	kusipoonja	pasipoonja	musipoonja

Consecutive
Positive	nikaonja	tukaonja	ukaonja	mkaonja	akaonja	wakaonja	ukaonja	ikaonja	likaonja	yakaonja	kikaonja	vikaonja	ikaonja	zikaonja	ukaonja	kukaonja	pakaonja	mukaonja

Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Verbal derivations:
- Applicative: -onjea
- Causative: -onjesha
- Passive: -onjwa
- Reciprocal: -onjana
- Stative: -onjeka