-og
See also: Appendix:Variations of "og"
Hungarian
Etymology
-o- + -g (frequentative suffix)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [oɡ]
Suffix
-og
- (frequentative suffix) Added to a stem - often an onomatopoeia - to form a verb expressing a (quickly) repeating or continuous action.
- vacog (“to chatter - to shut and open the mouth quickly in the cold”)
- mosoly (“smile”) → mosolyog (“to smile”)
Usage notes
- (frequentative suffix) Harmonic variants:
- -g is added to words ending in a vowel
- -og is added to some back-vowel words
- -ag is added to other back-vowel words
- -eg is added to unrounded front-vowel words
- -ög is added to rounded front-vowel words
Derived terms
Hungarian verbs suffixed with -og
See also
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
Welsh
Alternative forms
- -iog
Etymology
From Middle Welsh -awc, from Proto-Brythonic *-ọg, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂kos, *-eh₂ḱos, from a-stem suffix *-eh₂ + adjectival suffix *-kos, *-ḱos. Akin to Cornish -ek, Breton -eg, Irish -ach, Scottish Gaelic -ach, Manx -agh, Latin -ācus, -īcus and English -y.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɔɡ/
Suffix
-og
- adjectival suffix often indicating an abundance of the root
- carreg (“stone”) + -og → caregog (“stony”)
- twll (“hole”) + -og → tyllog (“porous”)
- gallu (“ability”) + -og → galluog (“capable”)
- enw (“name”) + -og → enwog (“famous”)
- noun suffix indicating person, creature or object characterised by root
- perchen (“to own”) + -og → perchennog (“owner”)
- march (“stallion, horse”) + -og → marchog (“knight, horserider”)
- draen (“thorn(s)”) + -og → draenog (“hedgehog”)
- ysgyfarn (“ear”) + -og → ysgyfarnog (“hare”)
- clust (“ear”) + -og → clustog (“cushion, bolster”)
Derived terms
Welsh terms suffixed with -og
References
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-og”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies