od

od

See also: Appendix:Variations of "od"

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɒd/
• Rhymes: -ɒd
• Homophone: odd

Etymology 1

Alteration of God.

Noun

od

1. (now archaic, regional) (Euphemistic form of) God. [from 17th c.]

Derived terms

• od's bobs
• ods bodikins
• od's niggers

Etymology 2

From German Od, cognate with Odin.

Noun

od

1. (archaic) An alleged force or natural power, supposed, by Carl Reichenbach and others, to produce the phenomena of mesmerism, and to be developed by various agencies, as by magnets, heat, light, chemical or vital action, etc.

   Synonyms: odyle, odyl

Derived terms

• odic
• odylic

Anagrams

• D&O, D.O., DO, d/o, do, do.

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Azerbaijani

Other scripts

Cyrillic		од
Perso-Arabic		اوْد‎

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

od (definite accusative odu, plural odlar)

1. fire

   Synonyms: atəş, nar

Declension

Declension of od
	singular	plural
nominative	od	odlar
definite accusative	odu	odları
dative	oda	odlara
locative	odda	odlarda
ablative	oddan	odlardan
definite genitive	odun	odların

Possessive forms of od
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	odum	odlarım
sənin (“your”)	odun	odların
onun (“his/her/its”)	odu	odları
bizim (“our”)	odumuz	odlarımız
sizin (“your”)	odunuz	odlarınız
onların (“their”)	odu or odları	odları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	odumu	odlarımı
sənin (“your”)	odunu	odlarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	odunu	odlarını
bizim (“our”)	odumuzu	odlarımızı
sizin (“your”)	odunuzu	odlarınızı
onların (“their”)	odunu or odlarını	odlarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	oduma	odlarıma
sənin (“your”)	oduna	odlarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	oduna	odlarına
bizim (“our”)	odumuza	odlarımıza
sizin (“your”)	odunuza	odlarınıza
onların (“their”)	oduna or odlarına	odlarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	odumda	odlarımda
sənin (“your”)	odunda	odlarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	odunda	odlarında
bizim (“our”)	odumuzda	odlarımızda
sizin (“your”)	odunuzda	odlarınızda
onların (“their”)	odunda or odlarında	odlarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	odumdan	odlarımdan
sənin (“your”)	odundan	odlarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	odundan	odlarından
bizim (“our”)	odumuzdan	odlarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	odunuzdan	odlarınızdan
onların (“their”)	odundan or odlarından	odlarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	odumun	odlarımın
sənin (“your”)	odunun	odlarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	odunun	odlarının
bizim (“our”)	odumuzun	odlarımızın
sizin (“your”)	odunuzun	odlarınızın
onların (“their”)	odunun or odlarının	odlarının

Related terms

• odun
• ocaq

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Czech

Etymology

From Old Czech ot, from Proto-Slavic *otъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ot/

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

od + genitive

1. from

   Dostal jsem dopis od bratra. ― I got a letter from my brother.

2. since

   Od té doby jsem tam nebyl. ― I haven't been there since.

3. of

   To je od tebe moc hezké. ― That is very nice of you.

Further reading

• od in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• od in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

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Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse oddr, from Proto-Germanic *uzdaz, cognate with German Ort (“place, point”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔðˀ/, [ˈʌðˀ]

Noun

od c (singular definite odden, plural indefinite odde)

1. sharp point

Inflection

Declension of od

common gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	od	odden	odde	oddene
genitive	ods	oddens	oddes	oddenes

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Ido

Alternative forms

• o (apocope)

Etymology

Borrowing from English or, French ou, Italian od and Spanish o.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔd/

Conjunction

od

1. or

Related terms

• ed (“and”)
• ad (“to”)

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Italian

Conjunction

od

1. or (used before a vowel for euphony instead of o)

Anagrams

• D-o, do, dò

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Latvian

Verb

od

1. 2nd person singular present indicative form of ost
2. 2nd person singular imperative form of ost

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Middle English

Adjective

od

1. Alternative form of odde

Adverb

od

1. Alternative form of odde

Noun

od

1. Alternative form of odde

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Old French

Etymology

From Latin apud.

Preposition

od

1. with

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Polish

Alternative forms

• ode

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish ot, from Proto-Slavic *otъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éti. The final d is due to analogy with other prepositions such as nad and pod.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (isolated) /ɔt/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔt
• Syllabification: od
• Homophones: ot, od-

Preposition

od (+ genitive)

1. from (beginning at e.g. a certain value, a point in time)

   Pracuję codziennie od siódmej do piętnastej. ― I work from 7 AM till 3 PM every day.

   Od jutra będę mieszkał we własnym mieszkaniu. ― From tomorrow I'll be living in my own flat.

   Odlicz od dziesięciu w dół. ― Count backwards from ten.

2. from (with the source or origin at)

   Dostałem dziś list od siostry. ― I got a letter from my sister today.

3. from (with reference to the location of)

   Jesteśmy dość daleko od domu. ― We're pretty far from home.

   Odsuń się od niej! ― Get away from her!

4. since

   Czekam na ciebie od osiemnastej. ― I have been waiting for you since 6 PM.

5. for (over a recently completed period of time)

   Czekam na ciebie od godziny. ― I have been waiting for you for an hour.

6. than

   Synonyms: aniżeli, aniżeliby, niż, niżby, niźli, niźliby, niżeli, niżeliby

   Janusz jest wyższy od Piotra. ― Janusz is taller than Piotr.

7. for (belonging to or intended to be used with, often equivalent to English's Continuative perfect.)

   Czy widzisz przez dziurkę od klucza? ― Can you see through the keyhole? (literally, “Can you see through the hole for the key?”)

   Zamknąłeś okno od samochodu? ― Did you shut the car window?

Further reading

• od in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• od in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *otъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éti. See od-, ot-, o, oda-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ôd/

Preposition

ȍd (Cyrillic spelling о̏д)

1. (+ genitive case) from, since

   od Zagreba do Beograda ― from Zagreb to Belgrade

   od jutra do mraka ― from dusk until dawn

   od 5 do 10 sati ― from 5 to 10 o'clock

   od danas ― from today on

   od sad(a) ― from now on

   od tad(a) ― since then

   od kraja zime ― from the end of winter

2. (+ genitive case) of

   selo od tri kuće ― a village of three houses

   jedan od njih ― one of them

   čovjek od (svoje) r(ij)eči. ― a man of his word

   Hvala! To je bilo jako l(ij)epo od tebe! ― Thank you! That was very nice of you!

3. (comparison) (+ genitive case) than

   Avioni su brži od helikoptera. ― Airplanes are faster than helicopters.

   Stariji je od svoje sestre. ― He is older than his sister.

4. (+ genitive case) made of, made out of, made from

   stolica od drveta ― a chair made of wood

   Plastika se proizvodi od nafte. ― Plastic is made from oil.

   U slamovima, ljudi često žive u kućama napravljenim od otpadnog metala. ― In slums, people often live in houses made out of scrap metal.

5. (proscribed, passive) (+ genitive case) by (usually followed by strane ("side/party") denoting the party which is doing the action; active form is preferred in formal language)

   Bomba je bila pronađena od (strane) policije. ― The bomb was found by the police.

6. (+ genitive case) because of, from, with (denoting a direct or indirect cause)

   Umrla je od raka kože. ― She died of skin cancer.

   Umrla je od alkoholizma. ― She died from alcoholism.

   umr(ij)eti od dosade ― to die of boredom

   drhtati od straha ― to tremble with fear

   tresti se od hladnoće ― to shiver with cold

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Slovak

Alternative forms

• odo

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *otъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔd/

Preposition

od (+ genitive)

1. from
2. since
3. of

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Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *otъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔt/

Preposition

od

1. (with genitive) from, away from
2. (with genitive) since or starting from (place or time)
3. (with genitive) originating from, having origin in
4. (with genitive) of, belonging to, part of
5. (with genitive, in comparisons) than
6. (with genitive) of, from, because of, due to

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Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish اود‎ (od), اوت‎ (ot), from Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).

Noun

od (definite accusative odu, plural odlar)

1. (dated or dialectal) fire

   Synonym: ateş

Related terms

• odun

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Volapük

Pronoun

od

1. each other

Declension

    declension of od

	singular	plural
nominative	od	ods
genitive	oda	odas
dative	ode	odes
accusative	odi	odis

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Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔd/

Etymology 1

From Middle English odde.

Adjective

od (feminine singular od, plural od, equative oded, comparative odach, superlative odaf)

1. odd, strange

   Synonyms: anarferol, rhyfedd

2. odd (not even)

   Antonym: cynifer

Usage notes

Unusually for a monosyllabic word ending in a monophthong and single d, the current spelling of this word does not require the grave accent to indicate that the vowel is short. Likewise, there is a circumflex in the word ôd to show that its vowel is long. Compare this to regular spellings such as mwd and mẁd or nod and nòd. This phenomenon of not requiring a grave accent where one may expect it is more common in well-established grammatical words such as od below. See also os, nid or nag for similar cases.

Derived terms

• odiaeth (“excellent, splendid”)
• odrif (“odd number”)

Conjunction

od

1. (literary) Alternative form of o (“if, whether”) used before vowels.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
od	unchanged	unchanged	hod
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.