occido
Italian
Verb
occido
- first-person singular present indicative of occidere
Latin
Etymology 1
From ob- (“towards; facing”) + cadō (“I fall”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈok.ki.doː/, [ˈɔkːɪd̪oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈot.t͡ʃi.do/, [ˈɔtː͡ʃid̪o]
Verb
occidō (present infinitive occidere, perfect active occidī, supine occāsum); third conjugation, no passive
- (intransitive) I fall down.
- Synonyms: corruō, cadō, incidō, incurrō, accidō, ruō
- Antonym: orior
- (intransitive, of heavenly bodies) I go down, set.
- (Can we date this quote?), Gaius Valerius Catullus, Catullus 5, line 4:
- Sōlēs occidere et redīre possunt.
- Suns are able to set and to return.
-
- (intransitive) I perish, die, pass away.
- Synonyms: morior, pereō, occumbō, dēfungor, intereō, dēcēdō, cadō, exspīrō, discēdō, dēficiō
- (intransitive) I am lost, undone or ruined.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of occidō (third conjugation, active only) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | occidō | occidis | occidit | occidimus | occiditis | occidunt |
| imperfect | occidēbam | occidēbās | occidēbat | occidēbāmus | occidēbātis | occidēbant | |
| future | occidam | occidēs | occidet | occidēmus | occidētis | occident | |
| perfect | occidī | occidistī | occidit | occidimus | occidistis | occidērunt, occidēre | |
| pluperfect | occideram | occiderās | occiderat | occiderāmus | occiderātis | occiderant | |
| future perfect | occiderō | occideris | occiderit | occiderimus | occideritis | occiderint | |
| sigmatic future1 | occīsō | occīsis | occīsit | occīsimus | occīsitis | occīsint | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | occidam | occidās | occidat | occidāmus | occidātis | occidant |
| imperfect | occiderem | occiderēs | occideret | occiderēmus | occiderētis | occiderent | |
| perfect | occiderim | occiderīs | occiderit | occiderīmus | occiderītis | occiderint | |
| pluperfect | occidissem | occidissēs | occidisset | occidissēmus | occidissētis | occidissent | |
| sigmatic aorist1 | occīsim | occīsīs | occīsīt | occīsīmus | occīsītis | occīsint | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | occide | — | — | occidite | — |
| future | — | occiditō | occiditō | — | occiditōte | occiduntō | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | occidere | occidisse | occāsūrum esse | — | — | — | |
| participles | occidēns | — | occāsūrus | — | — | — | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| occidendī | occidendō | occidendum | occidendō | occāsum | occāsū | ||
1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").
- Some Old Latin extant locutions had "sol occasus", i.e. "sunset".
Derived terms
- occāsiō
- occāsus
- occidēns
Related terms
- accidō
- cadō
- concidō
- dēcidō
- excidō
- incidō
- intercidō
- prōcidō
- recidō
- succidō
Etymology 2
From ob- (“towards; facing”) + caedō (“I cut”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /okˈkiː.doː/, [ɔkˈkiːd̪oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /otˈt͡ʃi.do/, [otˈt͡ʃiːd̪o]
Verb
occīdō (present infinitive occīdere, perfect active occīdī, supine occīsum); third conjugation
- (transitive) I fell, cut to the ground; beat, smash, crush.
- (transitive) I cut off, kill, slay, slaughter.
- Synonyms: necō, caedō, interficiō, trucīdō, tollō, peragō, percutiō, interimō, perimō, iugulō, obtruncō, cōnficiō, ēnecō, sōpiō, dēiciō, absūmō, cōnsūmō
- (transitive, by extension) I plague to death, torture, torment, pester.
- Synonyms: turbō, perturbō, sollicitō, agitō, angō, disturbō, ēvertō, peragō, concitō, moveō, agō, versō, ūrō
- Antonym: cōnsōlor
- (transitive, by extension) I ruin, undo, bring about the ruin of.
- Synonyms: ruīnō, diruo, aboleō, dēstruō, dēvāstō, ēvāstō, vāstō, perdō, exscindō, tollo, accido, populor, sepeliō, perimō, interimō, trucīdō, absūmō, impellō
- Antonyms: ēmendō, reficiō, reparō, corrigō, medeor
Conjugation
| Conjugation of occīdō (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | occīdō | occīdis | occīdit | occīdimus | occīditis | occīdunt |
| imperfect | occīdēbam | occīdēbās | occīdēbat | occīdēbāmus | occīdēbātis | occīdēbant | |
| future | occīdam | occīdēs | occīdet | occīdēmus | occīdētis | occīdent | |
| perfect | occīdī | occīdistī | occīdit | occīdimus | occīdistis | occīdērunt, occīdēre | |
| pluperfect | occīderam | occīderās | occīderat | occīderāmus | occīderātis | occīderant | |
| future perfect | occīderō | occīderis | occīderit | occīderimus | occīderitis | occīderint | |
| passive | present | occīdor | occīderis, occīdere | occīditur | occīdimur | occīdiminī | occīduntur |
| imperfect | occīdēbar | occīdēbāris, occīdēbāre | occīdēbātur | occīdēbāmur | occīdēbāminī | occīdēbantur | |
| future | occīdar | occīdēris, occīdēre | occīdētur | occīdēmur | occīdēminī | occīdentur | |
| perfect | occīsus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | occīsus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | occīsus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | occīdam | occīdās | occīdat | occīdāmus | occīdātis | occīdant |
| imperfect | occīderem | occīderēs | occīderet | occīderēmus | occīderētis | occīderent | |
| perfect | occīderim | occīderīs | occīderit | occīderīmus | occīderītis | occīderint | |
| pluperfect | occīdissem | occīdissēs | occīdisset | occīdissēmus | occīdissētis | occīdissent | |
| passive | present | occīdar | occīdāris, occīdāre | occīdātur | occīdāmur | occīdāminī | occīdantur |
| imperfect | occīderer | occīderēris, occīderēre | occīderētur | occīderēmur | occīderēminī | occīderentur | |
| perfect | occīsus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | occīsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | occīde | — | — | occīdite | — |
| future | — | occīditō | occīditō | — | occīditōte | occīduntō | |
| passive | present | — | occīdere | — | — | occīdiminī | — |
| future | — | occīditor | occīditor | — | — | occīduntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | occīdere | occīdisse | occīsūrum esse | occīdī | occīsum esse | occīsum īrī | |
| participles | occīdēns | — | occīsūrus | — | occīsus | occīdendus, occīdundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| occīdendī | occīdendō | occīdendum | occīdendō | occīsum | occīsū | ||
Derived terms
- occīdiō
- occīdium
- occīsiō
- occīsor
- occīsus
- occītrīx
Related terms
- abscīdō
- accīdō
- caedō
- circumcīdō
- concīdō
- dēcīdō
- discīdō
- excīdō
- incīdō
- intercīdō
- percīdō
- praecīdō
- procīdō
- recīdō
- succīdō
- trānscīdō
Descendants
- Aromanian: utsid, utsidiri
- Catalan: occir
- French: occire
- Italian: uccidere
- Norman: occi (Jersey)
- Occitan: aucire, aucir
- Old Occitan: aucir, aucire
- Old Spanish: occidir
- Romanian: ucide, ucidere
- Sardinian: bocchiere, bocchidere, occhidere, occhiere
- Sicilian: accìdiri
References
- “occidō”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “occīdō”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “occido”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- occido in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- the sun rises, sets: sol oritur, occidit
- (ambiguous) to be situate to the north-west: spectare inter occasum solis et septentriones
- the sun rises, sets: sol oritur, occidit