obstruir
See also: obstruír
Catalan
Verb
obstruir (first-person singular present obstrueixo, past participle obstruït)
- to obstruct
Conjugation
Conjugation of obstruir (third conjugation with -eix- infix)
| infinitive | obstruir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | obstruint | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | obstruït | obstruïda | |||||
| plural | obstruïts | obstruïdes | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | obstrueixo | obstrueixes | obstrueix | obstruïm | obstruïu | obstrueixen | |
| imperfect | obstruïa | obstruïes | obstruïa | obstruíem | obstruíeu | obstruïen | |
| future | obstruiré | obstruiràs | obstruirà | obstruirem | obstruireu | obstruiran | |
| preterite | obstruí | obstruïres | obstruí | obstruírem | obstruíreu | obstruïren | |
| conditional | obstruiria | obstruiries | obstruiria | obstruiríem | obstruiríeu | obstruirien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | obstrueixi | obstrueixis | obstrueixi | obstruïm | obstruïu | obstrueixin | |
| imperfect | obstruís | obstruïssis | obstruís | obstruíssim | obstruíssiu | obstruïssin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | obstrueix | obstrueixi | obstruïm | obstruïu | obstrueixin | ||
Related terms
- obstrucció
- obstructiu
Further reading
- “obstruir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin obstruĕre.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /obs.tɾuˈi(ʁ)/ [obs.tɾʊˈi(h)], (faster pronunciation) /obsˈtɾwi(ʁ)/ [obsˈtɾwi(h)], /o.bis.tɾuˈi(ʁ)/ [o.bis.tɾʊˈi(h)], (faster pronunciation) /o.bisˈtɾwi(ʁ)/ [o.bisˈtɾwi(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /obs.tɾuˈi(ɾ)/ [obs.tɾʊˈi(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /obsˈtɾwi(ɾ)/, /o.bis.tɾuˈi(ɾ)/ [o.bis.tɾʊˈi(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /o.bisˈtɾwi(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /obʃ.tɾuˈi(ʁ)/ [obʃ.tɾʊˈi(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /obʃˈtɾwi(ʁ)/ [obʃˈtɾwi(χ)], /o.biʃ.tɾuˈi(ʁ)/ [o.biʃ.tɾʊˈi(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /o.biʃˈtɾwi(ʁ)/ [o.biʃˈtɾwi(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /obs.tɾuˈi(ɻ)/ [obs.tɾʊˈi(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /obsˈtɾwi(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɔbʃ.tɾuˈiɾ/ [ɔβʃ.tɾuˈiɾ], (faster pronunciation) /ɔbʃˈtɾwiɾ/ [ɔβʃˈtɾwiɾ]
- Hyphenation: obs‧tru‧ir
Verb
obstruir (first-person singular present obstruo, first-person singular preterite obstruí, past participle obstruído)
- to obstruct, block
Conjugation
Conjugation of obstruir (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | obstruir | |||||
| Personal | obstruir | obstruíres | obstruir | obstruirmos | obstruirdes | obstruírem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| obstruindo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | obstruído | obstruídos | ||||
| Feminine | obstruída | obstruídas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | obstruo | obstruis | obstrui | obstruímos | obstruís | obstruem |
| Imperfect | obstruía | obstruías | obstruía | obstruíamos | obstruíeis | obstruíam |
| Preterite | obstruí | obstruíste | obstruiu | obstruímos | obstruístes | obstruíram |
| Pluperfect | obstruíra | obstruíras | obstruíra | obstruíramos | obstruíreis | obstruíram |
| Future | obstruirei | obstruirás | obstruirá | obstruiremos | obstruireis | obstruirão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| obstruiria | obstruirias | obstruiria | obstruiríamos | obstruiríeis | obstruiriam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | obstrua | obstruas | obstrua | obstruamos | obstruais | obstruam |
| Imperfect | obstruísse | obstruísses | obstruísse | obstruíssemos | obstruísseis | obstruíssem |
| Future | obstruir | obstruíres | obstruir | obstruirmos | obstruirdes | obstruírem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | obstrui | obstrua | obstruamos | obstruí | obstruam | |
| Negative (não) | não obstruas | não obstrua | não obstruamos | não obstruais | não obstruam | |
Related terms
- obstrução
- obstrutivo
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin obstruere.
Verb
obstruir (first-person singular present obstruyo, first-person singular preterite obstruí, past participle obstruido)
- to obstruct
- to clog, to block
- (reflexive) to clog, become clogged
Conjugation
Conjugation of obstruir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | obstruir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | obstruyendo | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | obstruido | obstruida | |||||
| plural | obstruidos | obstruidas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | obstruyo | obstruyestú obstruísvos | obstruye | obstruimos | obstruís | obstruyen | |
| imperfect | obstruía | obstruías | obstruía | obstruíamos | obstruíais | obstruían | |
| preterite | obstruí | obstruiste | obstruyó | obstruimos | obstruisteis | obstruyeron | |
| future | obstruiré | obstruirás | obstruirá | obstruiremos | obstruiréis | obstruirán | |
| conditional | obstruiría | obstruirías | obstruiría | obstruiríamos | obstruiríais | obstruirían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | obstruya | obstruyastú obstruyásvos2 | obstruya | obstruyamos | obstruyáis | obstruyan | |
| imperfect (ra) | obstruyera | obstruyeras | obstruyera | obstruyéramos | obstruyerais | obstruyeran | |
| imperfect (se) | obstruyese | obstruyeses | obstruyese | obstruyésemos | obstruyeseis | obstruyesen | |
| future1 | obstruyere | obstruyeres | obstruyere | obstruyéremos | obstruyereis | obstruyeren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | obstruyetú obstruívos | obstruya | obstruyamos | obstruid | obstruyan | ||
| negative | no obstruyas | no obstruya | no obstruyamos | no obstruyáis | no obstruyan | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of obstruir
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive obstruir | |||||||
| dative | obstruirme | obstruirte | obstruirle, obstruirse | obstruirnos | obstruiros | obstruirles, obstruirse | |
| accusative | obstruirme | obstruirte | obstruirlo, obstruirla, obstruirse | obstruirnos | obstruiros | obstruirlos, obstruirlas, obstruirse | |
| with gerund obstruyendo | |||||||
| dative | obstruyéndome | obstruyéndote | obstruyéndole, obstruyéndose | obstruyéndonos | obstruyéndoos | obstruyéndoles, obstruyéndose | |
| accusative | obstruyéndome | obstruyéndote | obstruyéndolo, obstruyéndola, obstruyéndose | obstruyéndonos | obstruyéndoos | obstruyéndolos, obstruyéndolas, obstruyéndose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative obstruye | |||||||
| dative | obstrúyeme | obstrúyete | obstrúyele | obstrúyenos | not used | obstrúyeles | |
| accusative | obstrúyeme | obstrúyete | obstrúyelo, obstrúyela | obstrúyenos | not used | obstrúyelos, obstrúyelas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative obstruí | |||||||
| dative | obstruime | obstruite | obstruile | obstruinos | not used | obstruiles | |
| accusative | obstruime | obstruite | obstruilo, obstruila | obstruinos | not used | obstruilos, obstruilas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative obstruya | |||||||
| dative | obstrúyame | not used | obstrúyale, obstrúyase | obstrúyanos | not used | obstrúyales | |
| accusative | obstrúyame | not used | obstrúyalo, obstrúyala, obstrúyase | obstrúyanos | not used | obstrúyalos, obstrúyalas | |
| with first-person plural imperative obstruyamos | |||||||
| dative | not used | obstruyámoste | obstruyámosle | obstruyámonos | obstruyámoos | obstruyámosles | |
| accusative | not used | obstruyámoste | obstruyámoslo, obstruyámosla | obstruyámonos | obstruyámoos | obstruyámoslos, obstruyámoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative obstruid | |||||||
| dative | obstruidme | not used | obstruidle | obstruidnos | obstruíos | obstruidles | |
| accusative | obstruidme | not used | obstruidlo, obstruidla | obstruidnos | obstruíos | obstruidlos, obstruidlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative obstruyan | |||||||
| dative | obstrúyanme | not used | obstrúyanle | obstrúyannos | not used | obstrúyanles, obstrúyanse | |
| accusative | obstrúyanme | not used | obstrúyanlo, obstrúyanla | obstrúyannos | not used | obstrúyanlos, obstrúyanlas, obstrúyanse | |
Related terms
- obstrucción
- obstructivo
See also
- estorbar
Further reading
- “obstruir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014