obicio
Latin
Alternative forms
- objiciō
Etymology
From ob- + iaciō (“I throw, hurl”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /obˈi̯i.ki.oː/, [ɔbˈi̯ɪkioː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /obˈji.t͡ʃi.o/, [obˈjiːt͡ʃio]
- (Classical) IPA(key): /oˈbi.ki.oː/, [ɔˈbɪkioː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /oˈbi.t͡ʃi.o/, [oˈbiːt͡ʃio] (later)
Verb
obiciō (present infinitive obicere, perfect active obiēcī, supine obiectum); third conjugation iō-variant
- I throw or put to, towards, in front of or before
- Synonyms: coniciō, iniciō, adiciō, iaculor, iaciō, abiciō, permittō, iactō, trāiciō, impingō, ēmittō, mittō, lībrō
- I present, expose
- Synonyms: offerō, expōnō, praebeō, polliceor, afferō, prōpōnō, sufferō, prōferō, dōnō, condōnō, largior, moveō
- I hold out, offer, turn over, give over
- I cast in the way, interpose; set against, oppose
- Synonyms: oppōnō, obiectō
- (figuratively) I throw out against someone, taunt, reproach or upbraid with
- (figuratively) I bring upon, inspire, inflict, visit, produce, cause
Usage notes
In prosody, the first syllable, which is generally heavy due to the unwritten /j/, is scanned light in works by some later writers.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of obiciō (third conjugation iō-variant) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | obiciō | obicis | obicit | obicimus | obicitis | obiciunt |
| imperfect | obiciēbam | obiciēbās | obiciēbat | obiciēbāmus | obiciēbātis | obiciēbant | |
| future | obiciam | obiciēs | obiciet | obiciēmus | obiciētis | obicient | |
| perfect | obiēcī | obiēcistī | obiēcit | obiēcimus | obiēcistis | obiēcērunt, obiēcēre | |
| pluperfect | obiēceram | obiēcerās | obiēcerat | obiēcerāmus | obiēcerātis | obiēcerant | |
| future perfect | obiēcerō | obiēceris | obiēcerit | obiēcerimus | obiēceritis | obiēcerint | |
| sigmatic future1 | obiexō | obiexis | obiexit | obieximus | obiexitis | obiexint | |
| passive | present | obicior | obiceris, obicere | obicitur | obicimur | obiciminī | obiciuntur |
| imperfect | obiciēbar | obiciēbāris, obiciēbāre | obiciēbātur | obiciēbāmur | obiciēbāminī | obiciēbantur | |
| future | obiciar | obiciēris, obiciēre | obiciētur | obiciēmur | obiciēminī | obicientur | |
| perfect | obiectus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | obiectus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | obiectus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | obiciam | obiciās | obiciat | obiciāmus | obiciātis | obiciant |
| imperfect | obicerem | obicerēs | obiceret | obicerēmus | obicerētis | obicerent | |
| perfect | obiēcerim | obiēcerīs | obiēcerit | obiēcerīmus | obiēcerītis | obiēcerint | |
| pluperfect | obiēcissem | obiēcissēs | obiēcisset | obiēcissēmus | obiēcissētis | obiēcissent | |
| sigmatic aorist1 | obiexim | obiexīs | obiexīt | obiexīmus | obiexītis | obiexint | |
| passive | present | obiciar | obiciāris, obiciāre | obiciātur | obiciāmur | obiciāminī | obiciantur |
| imperfect | obicerer | obicerēris, obicerēre | obicerētur | obicerēmur | obicerēminī | obicerentur | |
| perfect | obiectus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | obiectus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | obice | — | — | obicite | — |
| future | — | obicitō | obicitō | — | obicitōte | obiciuntō | |
| passive | present | — | obicere | — | — | obiciminī | — |
| future | — | obicitor | obicitor | — | — | obiciuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | obicere | obiēcisse | obiectūrum esse | obicī | obiectum esse | obiectum īrī | |
| participles | obiciēns | — | obiectūrus | — | obiectus | obiciendus, obiciundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| obiciendī | obiciendō | obiciendum | obiciendō | obiectum | obiectū | ||
1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").
Derived terms
- obex
- obiectiō
- obiectō
- obiector
- obiectus
Related terms
- abiciō
- adiciō
- amiciō
- circumiciō
- coniciō
- dēiciō
- disiciō
- ēiciō
- iaciō
- iniciō
- intericiō
- praeiciō
- prōiciō
- reiciō
- subiciō
- superiaciō
- trāiciō
Descendants
- English: object, objection
- Spanish: objeto
References
- “obicio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “obicio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- obicio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to expose oneself to missiles: se obicere telis
- to expose oneself to missiles: se obicere telis