nꜣy
Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /nɑiː/
- Conventional anglicization: nay
Determiner
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pl demonstrative determiner
- (Late Egyptian, with attached suffix pronoun) forms possessives; my, our, your, his, her, its, their, depending on which suffix pronoun is attached
Usage notes
This determiner modifies plural nouns, but it does not specify that the possessor is plural; the gender and number of the possessor are specified by the attached suffix pronoun.
Inflection
Old Egyptian demonstratives
determiners | pronouns1 | adverbs | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
number | singular | dual | plural | unmarked | ||||
gender | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | unmarked | |
proximal to speaker | pn | tn, jtn | jpnj | jptnj | jpn | jptn | nn | — |
distal | pf | tf | jpfj | jptfj | jpf | jptf | nf | — |
proximal to spoken of | pj, pw, py, p | tj, tw, jtw | jpwj | jptwj | jpw | jptw | nw | — |
vocative | pꜣ | tꜣ | — | — | — | — | nꜣ | ꜥꜣ |
|
Middle Egyptian demonstratives
determiners and pronouns | adverbs | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
number | singular | plural1 | ||||
gender | masculine | feminine | unmarked | |||
proximal | pn | tn | nn | ꜥn | ||
distal | pf, pfꜣ | tf, tfꜣ | nf, nfꜣ | ꜥf | ||
‘copula’; vocative | pw, pwy | tw, twy | nw | — | ||
anaphoric | pꜣ | tꜣ | nꜣ | ꜥꜣ | ||
|
Late Egyptian demonstratives and articles
masculine | feminine | plural | adverb | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pronoun | pꜣw | dj | ||||
determiners and pronouns | pꜣj | tꜣj | nꜣj | |||
possessive determiners (used with suffix pronouns) | pꜣy | tꜣy | nꜣy | |||
relational pronouns (‘possessive prefixes’) | p-n, pꜣ | t-nt, tꜣ | nꜣyw, nꜣ | |||
definite articles | pꜣ | tꜣ | nꜣ1 | |||
indefinite articles | wꜥ1 | nhꜣy1 | ||||
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For the possible suffix pronoun endings, see Template:Egyptian personal pronouns.
Descendants
- ⇒ Coptic: ⲛⲁ- (na-), ⲛⲉⲕ- (nek-), ⲛⲟⲩ- (nou-), ⲛⲉϥ- (nef-), ⲛⲉⲥ- (nes-), ⲛⲉⲛ- (nen-), ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄- (netn̄-), ⲛⲉⲩ- (neu-)
References
- Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 53–54
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 56.
- Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN