-nák
See also: nak, NAK, nák, nāk, -nak, and ␕
Hungarian
Etymology
-ná (conditional suffix) + -k (personal suffix)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [naːk]
Suffix
-nák
- (personal suffix) Used to form the third-person plural present tense of verbs (conditional mood, definite conjugation).
- olvas (“to read”) → Nem olvasnák a könyvet, ha nem lenne érdekes. ― They would not read the book if it weren't interesting.
- (personal suffix, proscribed) Occasionally used to form the first-person singular present tense of back-vowel verbs (conditional mood, indefinite conjugation). This usage is usually considered a grave offence; it is called nákolás.
- Synonym: (standard variant) -nék
Usage notes
Conditional definite – personal endings
Person | Back vowel | Front vowel | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
unrounded | rounded | |||
én | 1st person singular | -nám | -ném | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anám | -eném | ||
te | 2nd person singular | -nád | -néd | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anád | -enéd | ||
ő maga ön | 3rd person singular | -ná | -né | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -aná | -ené | ||
mi | 1st person plural | -nánk (archaic -nók) | -nénk (archaic -nők) | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anánk (archaic -anók) | -enénk (archaic -enők) | ||
ti | 2nd person plural | -nátok | -nétek | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anátok | -enétek | ||
ők maguk önök | 3rd person plural | -nák | -nék | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anák | -enék | ||
See also: present-tense indefinite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing. |
- (personal suffix) Harmonic variants:
- -nák is added to most back-vowel verbs
- vár (“to wait”) → A szülők azt várnák, hogy a gyerekek tanuljanak. ― The parents would expect the children to study.
- -nék is added to most front-vowel verbs
- kér (“to ask”) → A szüleim azt kérnék, hogy hívd fel őket. ― My parents would (like to) ask you to call them.
- -anák is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t (exceptions: áll, száll, varr, forr, lát)
- mond (“to say”) → Nem mondanák, ha nem lenne igaz. ― They would not say it if it weren't true.
- tanít (“to teach”) → Ők tanítanák a gyerekeket. ― They would teach the children.
- -enék is added to front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t
- fest (“to paint”) → Ők festenék a házat. ― They would paint the house.
- segít (“to help”) → Ők segítenék a családot. ― They would help the family.
- -nák is added to most back-vowel verbs
See also
- Category:Hungarian verb forms
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes