ná
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse ná.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nauː/
- Rhymes: -auː
Verb
ná
- (transitive, with dative) to reach (a place)
- (transitive, with dative) to get, catch, apprehend (a physical object)
- (transitive, with dative) to reach, attain (a goal)
- Ég mun ná heimsyfirráðum!
- I will attain world domination!
- Ég mun ná heimsyfirráðum!
Conjugation
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
- ná í
- ná sér
- ná sér í
Anagrams
- án
Irish
Pronunciation
- (Munster, Connacht) IPA(key): /n̪ˠɑː/
- (Ulster) IPA(key): /n̪ˠaː/
Etymology 1
From Old Irish ná.
Particle
ná
- don’t (particle used to introduce a negative imperative; triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)
- Ná déan sin.
- Don’t do that.
- Ná habair é.
- Don’t mention it.
- may...not (particle used with raibh, the present subjunctive of bí, to introduce a negative wish)
- Dealbh ná raibh tú.
- May you never be destitute.
- (Munster) Alternative form of nach (“not”) (in questions; triggers h-prothesis; used with the dependent form of an irregular verb if there is one)
- Ná fuil ocras ort?
- Are you not hungry?
- Chonac í, ná facas?
- I saw her, didn’t I?
Conjunction
ná (triggers h-prothesis, used with the dependent form of an irregular verb if there is one)
- (Munster) Alternative form of nach (“that...not”)
- Dúirt sé ná raibh carr aige.
- He said that he didn’t have a car.
Conjunction
ná
- nor
- Níl deartháir ná deirfiúr agam.
- I have neither brother nor sister.
- used between two identical or similar words to intensify a negative
- Ní fhaca sí solas ná solas.
- She saw no light whatsoever.
- (literally, “She didn’t see light or light).”)
Etymology 3
From Old Irish indás (“than (it) is”).
Alternative forms
- ioná (archaic)
- 'ná (superseded)
Conjunction
ná (triggers h-prothesis)
- than
- Is airde Máire ná Peadar.
- Mary is taller than Peter.
- but (used rhetorically in direct and indirect questions)
- Cé a bhí ina shuí ann ná m’athair féin?
- Who was sitting there but my own father?
- used to connect a predicate noun to its subject in a cleft sentence introduced by a copular form
- Is é a dúirt sé ná gur dhíol sé a ríomhaire lena chara.
- What he said was that he sold his computer to his friend.
- 1907, Ua Laoghaire, Peadar, Séadna, page 6:
- Bhí fear ann fad ó agus isé ainim a bhí air ’ná Séadna.
- Once upon a time there was a man and the name that he had was Séadna.
Derived terms
- ná go, ná gur (“but that”)
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “ná”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “ná” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “ná” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Lashi
Etymology
Related to nang.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/
Pronoun
ná
- thy, your (singular)
Synonyms
- né
References
- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid, Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)
Mandarin
Alternative forms
- na (nonstandard)
Pronunciation
audio (file)
Romanization
ná (na2, Zhuyin ㄋㄚˊ)
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嗱.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 拏/拿.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 拿.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 挏.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 訣/诀.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 誽/𰵵.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鎿/镎.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 镎.
Min Nan
For pronunciation and definitions of ná – see 哪 (“which; what; any; etc.”). (This character, ná, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 哪.) |
Navajo
Postposition
ná
- for you, for your sake
- in your favor
- ná yáʼátʼééh ― it is good for you
- ná áshłééh ― I’m making it for you
Inflection
singular | duoplural | |
---|---|---|
1st person | shá | nihá |
2nd person | ná | nihá |
3rd person | bá | |
4th person (3o) | yá | |
4th person (3a) | há | |
4th person (3i) | á | — |
reflexive | ádá | — |
reciprocal | — | ahá |
Northern Sami
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈnaː/
Adverb
ná
- so, thus, in this way
Further reading
- Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Old Irish
Alternative forms
- nach-, nad-, nan- (before an infixed pronoun)
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne. The vowel was originally short.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n͈aː/
Particle
ná
- don’t, let…not (particle used to introduce a negative imperative; triggers /h/-prothesis of a following vowel)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22b26
- Ná bíth i cobadlus doïb, ar atá torad la gnímu soilse .i. praemia aeterna ní ḟil immurgu acht infructuosa.
- Do not be in fellowship with them, for there is fruit with works of light, i.e. praemia aeterna. There is nothing [with works of darkness], however, save infructuosa.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 25c6
- Hóre ammi maicc laí et soilse, ná seichem nahísiu.
- Since we are children of day and light, let us not follow these things.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 55a1
- Ná déne ainmnit.
- Do not show patience.
- (literally, “Do not do patience.”)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22b26
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*ne, *ni, *nī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 286
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 ná, na”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *nēhwāną, related to (or derived from) Proto-Germanic *nēhwaz (“near”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).
Verb
ná (singular past indicative náði, plural past indicative náðu, past participle nát)
- (transitive, with dative) to get hold of, reach, overtake
- to get, obtain
- (with infinitive) to be able to, to be allowed to
Conjugation
infinitive | ná | |
---|---|---|
present participle | nándi, náandi | |
past participle | nát | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | nái | náða |
2nd-person singular | náir | náðir |
3rd-person singular | náir | náði |
1st-person plural | nám | náðum |
2nd-person plural | náið | náðuð |
3rd-person plural | ná | náðu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | ná | næða |
2nd-person singular | náir | næðir |
3rd-person singular | nái | næði |
1st-person plural | náim | næðim |
2nd-person plural | náið | næðið |
3rd-person plural | nái | næði |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | ná | |
1st-person plural | nám | |
2nd-person plural | náið |
infinitive | násk | |
---|---|---|
present participle | nándisk, náandisk | |
past participle | názk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | námk | náðumk |
2nd-person singular | náisk | náðisk |
3rd-person singular | náisk | náðisk |
1st-person plural | námsk | náðumsk |
2nd-person plural | náizk | náðuzk |
3rd-person plural | násk | náðusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | námk | næðumk |
2nd-person singular | náisk | næðisk |
3rd-person singular | náisk | næðisk |
1st-person plural | náimsk | næðimsk |
2nd-person plural | náizk | næðizk |
3rd-person plural | náisk | næðisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | násk | |
1st-person plural | námsk | |
2nd-person plural | náizk |
Related terms
- gnógr
- nær
Descendants
- Icelandic: ná
- Norwegian:
- Norwegian Bokmål: nå
- Norwegian Nynorsk: nå
- Swedish: nå
- Danish: nå
References
- ná in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.
Portuguese
Interjection
ná
- Eye dialect spelling of não.
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈna/ [ˈna]
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: ná
Pronoun
ná
- (informal) Apocopic form of nada
- no pasa ná ― nothing happens
Tày
Pronunciation
- (Thạch An – Tràng Định) IPA(key): [naː˧˥]
- (Trùng Khánh) IPA(key): [naː˦]
Adverb
ná
- not (negates meaning of verb)
- ná chin ― not eat
- ná chắc ― not know
- slon lụ ná ― study or not
Adjective
ná
- brassy; obstinate
- ná dú rườn hâu ― to stay at their house
Verb
ná
- to be blocked
- Slủng ná đạn.
- The gun was clogged.
References
- Hoàng Văn Ma; Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Chí (2006) Từ điển Tày-Nùng-Việt [Tay-Nung-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Từ điển Bách khoa Hà Nội
- Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên
- Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
Vietnamese
Etymology
From Proto-Vietic *s-naːʔ (“crossbow”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *snaʔ (“crossbow”). Cognate with Thavung ซะน่า, Khmer ស្នា (snaa), Koho söna. Doublet of nỏ.
Pain (2020) tentatively considered this to be a Chinese loan, from 弩 (OC *C.nˤaʔ) (B-S) (SV: nỗ), into Austroasiatic and Tai languages, likely through proto-Vietic.[1]
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [naː˧˦]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [naː˨˩˦]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [naː˦˥]
Noun
(classifier cái, chiếc) ná • (𫸶)
- (dialectal, weaponry) Synonym of nỏ (“crossbow”)
- (weaponry) slingshot
Derived terms
- chạc ná
- chạng ná
- giàn ná
References
- Pain, Frederic. "”Giao Chỉ” (”Jiāozhǐ” 交趾) as a diffusion center of Chinese diachronic changes: syllabic weight contrast and phonologisation of its phonetic correlates".
Anagrams
- án