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单词 nquma
释义

nquma

Xhosa

Verb

-nquma?

  1. (transitive) to congeal, to freeze

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ᵑǃúːma/

Verb

-nqúma

  1. (transitive) to cut off, to sever, to amputate
  2. (transitive) to decide

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitiveukunquma
PositiveNegative
Infinitiveukunqumaukunganqumi
Imperative
Simple+ object concord
Singularnquma-nqume
Pluralnqumani-nqumeni
Present
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngiyanquma, nginqumaenginqumayo, enginqumanginqumaanginqumienginganquminginganqumi
2nd singularuyanquma, unqumaonqumayo, onqumaunqumaawunqumionganqumiunganqumi
1st pluralsiyanquma, sinqumaesinqumayo, esinqumasinqumaasinqumiesinganqumisinganqumi
2nd pluralniyanquma, ninqumaeninqumayo, eninqumaninqumaaninqumieninganqumininganqumi
Class 1uyanquma, unqumaonqumayo, onqumaenqumaakanqumionganqumienganqumi
Class 2bayanquma, banqumaabanqumayo, abanqumabenqumaabanqumiabanganqumibenganqumi
Class 3uyanquma, unqumaonqumayo, onqumaunqumaawunqumionganqumiunganqumi
Class 4iyanquma, inqumaenqumayo, enqumainqumaayinqumienganqumiinganqumi
Class 5liyanquma, linqumaelinqumayo, elinqumalinqumaalinqumielinganqumilinganqumi
Class 6ayanquma, anqumaanqumayo, anqumaenqumaawanqumianganqumienganqumi
Class 7siyanquma, sinqumaesinqumayo, esinqumasinqumaasinqumiesinganqumisinganqumi
Class 8ziyanquma, zinqumaezinqumayo, ezinqumazinqumaazinqumiezinganqumizinganqumi
Class 9iyanquma, inqumaenqumayo, enqumainqumaayinqumienganqumiinganqumi
Class 10ziyanquma, zinqumaezinqumayo, ezinqumazinqumaazinqumiezinganqumizinganqumi
Class 11luyanquma, lunqumaolunqumayo, olunqumalunqumaalunqumiolunganqumilunganqumi
Class 14buyanquma, bunqumaobunqumayo, obunqumabunqumaabunqumiobunganqumibunganqumi
Class 15kuyanquma, kunqumaokunqumayo, okunqumakunqumaakunqumiokunganqumikunganqumi
Class 17kuyanquma, kunqumaokunqumayo, okunqumakunqumaakunqumiokunganqumikunganqumi
Recent past
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularnginqumile, nginqumēenginqumile, enginqumēnginqumile, nginqumēanginqumangaenginganqumanganginganqumanga
2nd singularunqumile, unqumēonqumile, onqumēunqumile, unqumēawunqumangaonganqumangaunganqumanga
1st pluralsinqumile, sinqumēesinqumile, esinqumēsinqumile, sinqumēasinqumangaesinganqumangasinganqumanga
2nd pluralninqumile, ninqumēeninqumile, eninqumēninqumile, ninqumēaninqumangaeninganqumanganinganqumanga
Class 1unqumile, unqumēonqumile, onqumēenqumile, enqumēakanqumangaonganqumangaenganqumanga
Class 2banqumile, banqumēabanqumile, abanqumēbenqumile, benqumēabanqumangaabanganqumangabenganqumanga
Class 3unqumile, unqumēonqumile, onqumēunqumile, unqumēawunqumangaonganqumangaunganqumanga
Class 4inqumile, inqumēenqumile, enqumēinqumile, inqumēayinqumangaenganqumangainganqumanga
Class 5linqumile, linqumēelinqumile, elinqumēlinqumile, linqumēalinqumangaelinganqumangalinganqumanga
Class 6anqumile, anqumēanqumile, anqumēenqumile, enqumēawanqumangaanganqumangaenganqumanga
Class 7sinqumile, sinqumēesinqumile, esinqumēsinqumile, sinqumēasinqumangaesinganqumangasinganqumanga
Class 8zinqumile, zinqumēezinqumile, ezinqumēzinqumile, zinqumēazinqumangaezinganqumangazinganqumanga
Class 9inqumile, inqumēenqumile, enqumēinqumile, inqumēayinqumangaenganqumangainganqumanga
Class 10zinqumile, zinqumēezinqumile, ezinqumēzinqumile, zinqumēazinqumangaezinganqumangazinganqumanga
Class 11lunqumile, lunqumēolunqumile, olunqumēlunqumile, lunqumēalunqumangaolunganqumangalunganqumanga
Class 14bunqumile, bunqumēobunqumile, obunqumēbunqumile, bunqumēabunqumangaobunganqumangabunganqumanga
Class 15kunqumile, kunqumēokunqumile, okunqumēkunqumile, kunqumēakunqumangaokunganqumangakunganqumanga
Class 17kunqumile, kunqumēokunqumile, okunqumēkunqumile, kunqumēakunqumangaokunganqumangakunganqumanga
Remote past
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngānqumaengānqumangānqumaanginqumangaenginganqumanganginganqumanga
2nd singularwānqumaowānqumawānqumaawunqumangaonganqumangaunganqumanga
1st pluralsānqumaesānqumasānqumaasinqumangaesinganqumangasinganqumanga
2nd pluralnānqumaenānqumanānqumaaninqumangaeninganqumanganinganqumanga
Class 1wānqumaowānqumaānqumaakanqumangaonganqumangaenganqumanga
Class 2bānqumaabānqumabānqumaabanqumangaabanganqumangabenganqumanga
Class 3wānqumaowānqumawānqumaawunqumangaonganqumangaunganqumanga
Class 4yānqumaeyānqumayānqumaayinqumangaenganqumangainganqumanga
Class 5lānqumaelānqumalānqumaalinqumangaelinganqumangalinganqumanga
Class 6ānqumaānqumaānqumaawanqumangaanganqumangaenganqumanga
Class 7sānqumaesānqumasānqumaasinqumangaesinganqumangasinganqumanga
Class 8zānqumaezānqumazānqumaazinqumangaezinganqumangazinganqumanga
Class 9yānqumaeyānqumayānqumaayinqumangaenganqumangainganqumanga
Class 10zānqumaezānqumazānqumaazinqumangaezinganqumangazinganqumanga
Class 11lwānqumaolwānqumalwānqumaalunqumangaolunganqumangalunganqumanga
Class 14bānqumaobānqumabānqumaabunqumangaobunganqumangabunganqumanga
Class 15kwānqumaokwānqumakwānqumaakunqumangaokunganqumangakunganqumanga
Class 17kwānqumaokwānqumakwānqumaakunqumangaokunganqumangakunganqumanga
Potential
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularnginganquma—nginganqumangingenqume—ngingenqume
2nd singularunganquma—unganqumaungenqume—ungenqume
1st pluralsinganquma—singanqumasingenqume—singenqume
2nd pluralninganquma—ninganqumaningenqume—ningenqume
Class 1anganquma—enganqumaangenqume—engenqume
Class 2banganquma—benganqumabangenqume—bengenqume
Class 3unganquma—unganqumaungenqume—ungenqume
Class 4inganquma—inganqumaingenqume—ingenqume
Class 5linganquma—linganqumalingenqume—lingenqume
Class 6anganquma—enganqumaangenqume—engenqume
Class 7singanquma—singanqumasingenqume—singenqume
Class 8zinganquma—zinganqumazingenqume—zingenqume
Class 9inganquma—inganqumaingenqume—ingenqume
Class 10zinganquma—zinganqumazingenqume—zingenqume
Class 11lunganquma—lunganqumalungenqume—lungenqume
Class 14bunganquma—bunganqumabungenqume—bungenqume
Class 15kunganquma—kunganqumakungenqume—kungenqume
Class 17kunganquma—kunganqumakungenqume—kungenqume
Immediate future
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngizonqumaengizonqumangizonqumaangizunquma—ngingezunquma
2nd singularuzonqumaozonqumauzonqumaawuzunquma—ungezunquma
1st pluralsizonqumaesizonqumasizonqumaasizunquma—singezunquma
2nd pluralnizonqumaenizonqumanizonqumaanizunquma—ningezunquma
Class 1uzonqumaozonqumaezonqumaakazunquma—engezunquma
Class 2bazonqumaabazonqumabezonqumaabazunquma—bengezunquma
Class 3uzonqumaozonqumauzonqumaawuzunquma—ungezunquma
Class 4izonqumaezonqumaizonqumaayizunquma—ingezunquma
Class 5lizonqumaelizonqumalizonqumaalizunquma—lingezunquma
Class 6azonqumaazonqumaezonqumaawazunquma—engezunquma
Class 7sizonqumaesizonqumasizonqumaasizunquma—singezunquma
Class 8zizonqumaezizonqumazizonqumaazizunquma—zingezunquma
Class 9izonqumaezonqumaizonqumaayizunquma—ingezunquma
Class 10zizonqumaezizonqumazizonqumaazizunquma—zingezunquma
Class 11luzonqumaoluzonqumaluzonqumaaluzunquma—lungezunquma
Class 14buzonqumaobuzonqumabuzonqumaabuzunquma—bungezunquma
Class 15kuzonqumaokuzonqumakuzonqumaakuzunquma—kungezunquma
Class 17kuzonqumaokuzonqumakuzonqumaakuzunquma—kungezunquma
Remote future
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngiyonqumaengiyonqumangiyonqumaangiyunquma—ngingeyunquma
2nd singularuyonqumaoyonqumauyonqumaawuyunquma—ungeyunquma
1st pluralsiyonqumaesiyonqumasiyonqumaasiyunquma—singeyunquma
2nd pluralniyonqumaeniyonqumaniyonqumaaniyunquma—ningeyunquma
Class 1uyonqumaoyonqumaeyonqumaakayunquma—engeyunquma
Class 2bayonqumaabayonqumabeyonqumaabayunquma—bengeyunquma
Class 3uyonqumaoyonqumauyonqumaawuyunquma—ungeyunquma
Class 4iyonqumaeyonqumaiyonqumaayiyunquma—ingeyunquma
Class 5liyonqumaeliyonqumaliyonqumaaliyunquma—lingeyunquma
Class 6ayonqumaayonqumaeyonqumaawayunquma—engeyunquma
Class 7siyonqumaesiyonqumasiyonqumaasiyunquma—singeyunquma
Class 8ziyonqumaeziyonqumaziyonqumaaziyunquma—zingeyunquma
Class 9iyonqumaeyonqumaiyonqumaayiyunquma—ingeyunquma
Class 10ziyonqumaeziyonqumaziyonqumaaziyunquma—zingeyunquma
Class 11luyonqumaoluyonqumaluyonqumaaluyunquma—lungeyunquma
Class 14buyonqumaobuyonqumabuyonqumaabuyunquma—bungeyunquma
Class 15kuyonqumaokuyonqumakuyonqumaakuyunquma—kungeyunquma
Class 17kuyonqumaokuyonqumakuyonqumaakuyunquma—kungeyunquma
Present subjunctive
PositiveNegative
1st singularnginqumenginganqumi
2nd singularunqumeunganqumi
1st pluralsinqumesinganqumi
2nd pluralninqumeninganqumi
Class 1anqumeanganqumi
Class 2banqumebanganqumi
Class 3unqumeunganqumi
Class 4inqumeinganqumi
Class 5linqumelinganqumi
Class 6anqumeanganqumi
Class 7sinqumesinganqumi
Class 8zinqumezinganqumi
Class 9inqumeinganqumi
Class 10zinqumezinganqumi
Class 11lunqumelunganqumi
Class 14bunqumebunganqumi
Class 15kunqumekunganqumi
Class 17kunqumekunganqumi
Past subjunctive
PositiveNegative
1st singularnganqumanganganquma, anganquma, anganganquma
2nd singularwanqumawanganquma, awanquma, awanganquma
1st pluralsanqumasanganquma, asanquma, asanganquma
2nd pluralnanqumananganquma, ananquma, ananganquma
Class 1wanqumawanganquma, akanquma, akanganquma
Class 2banqumabanganquma, abanquma, abanganquma
Class 3wanqumawanganquma, awanquma, awanganquma
Class 4yanqumayanganquma, ayanquma, ayanganquma
Class 5lanqumalanganquma, alanquma, alanganquma
Class 6anqumaanganquma, awanquma, awanganquma
Class 7sanqumasanganquma, asanquma, asanganquma
Class 8zanqumazanganquma, azanquma, azanganquma
Class 9yanqumayanganquma, ayanquma, ayanganquma
Class 10zanqumazanganquma, azanquma, azanganquma
Class 11lwanqumalwanganquma, alwanquma, alwanganquma
Class 14banqumabanganquma, abanquma, abanganquma
Class 15kwanqumakwanganquma, akwanquma, akwanganquma
Class 17kwanqumakwanganquma, akwanquma, akwanganquma

References

  • C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “nquma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “nquma (3.9)”
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