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单词 nostalgia
释义

nostalgia

See also: nostalgía

English

Alternative forms

  • nostalgy (archaic)

Etymology

From New Latin nostalgia, coined from Ancient Greek νόστος (nóstos, “returning home”) + ἄλγος (álgos, “pain”), translating German Heimweh.[1] Ancient Greek *νοσταλγία (*nostalgía) is unattested. Transferred sense probably influenced by French nostalgie, especially in literature.[2]

Compare Italian nostalgia, Spanish nostalgia, Portuguese nostalgia and French nostalgie.

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /nɒˈstæld͡ʒə/
  • (General American) IPA(key): /nɑˈstæld͡ʒə/, /nəˈstæld͡ʒə/, /nɔˈstæld͡ʒə/; /nɑˈstɑld͡ʒə/, /nəˈstɑld͡ʒə/, /nɔˈstɑld͡ʒə/
  • (General Australian) IPA(key): /nəˈstæɫd͡ʒə/
  • Audio (Southern England)(file)

Noun

nostalgia (countable and uncountable, plural nostalgias)

  1. (now uncommon) A longing for home or familiar surroundings; homesickness. [from 18th c.]
    • 1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter L, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], OCLC 365836:
      I have an idea that some men are born out of their due place. Accident has cast them amid certain surroundings, but they have always a nostalgia for a home they know not.
  2. (transferred sense) A bittersweet yearning for the things of the past. [from 20th c.]
    • 2013 August 16, Oliver Burkeman, “This is the cutest article”, in The Guardian Weekly‎, volume 189, number 10, page 20:
      I can't have been the only person, last week, to feel a rush of nostalgia upon learning that Thames Water had removed a bus-sized, 15-tonne lump of food fat ("mixed with wet wipes") from the sewers under London. The fatberg was an August news story redolent of the old-fashioned silly season.
    • 2022 November 15, Dan Hancox, “‘Who remembers proper binmen?’ The nostalgia memes that help explain Britain today”, in The Guardian‎:
      Though there is nothing generationally unique in the desire to bask in the banalities of your past, these nostalgia communities have flourished on Facebook as its user base has grown ever older in the past decade.

Antonyms

  • nostopathy
  • nostophobia

Derived terms

  • nostalgic
  • nostalgically
  • nostalgie de la boue
  • solastalgia
  • technostalgia
  • Eastalgia

Translations

longing for home or familiar surroundings — see homesickness
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

  • halcyon days
  • hark back
  • memory lane
  • reminiscence
  • anemoia

References

  1. Johannes Hofer (1688) Dissertatio medica de nostalgia, oder Heimwehe (in Latin), Basel: Johann Jakob Harder, DOI:10.3931/e-rara-18924: “Neque verò denomine deliberanti convenientuis occurrit, remque explicandam præciſius deſignans, quam Noſtalgias vocabulum, origine græcum, & quidem duabus ex vocibus compoſitum, quorum alterum Νόστος Reditum in Patriam, alterum Ἄλγος dolorem aut triſtitiam ſignificat: […] ”
  2. Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “nostalgia”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Anagrams

  • analogist, antigoals, galtonias

Finnish

Etymology

From New Latin nostalgia, coined from Ancient Greek νόστος (nóstos, “returning home”) + ἄλγος (álgos, “pain”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈnostɑlɡiɑ/, [ˈno̞s̠t̪ɑlˌɡiɑ]
  • Rhymes: -iɑ
  • Syllabification(key): nos‧tal‧gi‧a

Noun

nostalgia

  1. nostalgia

Declension

Inflection of nostalgia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominativenostalgianostalgiat
genitivenostalgiannostalgioiden
nostalgioitten
partitivenostalgiaanostalgioita
illativenostalgiaannostalgioihin
singularplural
nominativenostalgianostalgiat
accusativenom.nostalgianostalgiat
gen.nostalgian
genitivenostalgiannostalgioiden
nostalgioitten
nostalgiainrare
partitivenostalgiaanostalgioita
inessivenostalgiassanostalgioissa
elativenostalgiastanostalgioista
illativenostalgiaannostalgioihin
adessivenostalgiallanostalgioilla
ablativenostalgialtanostalgioilta
allativenostalgiallenostalgioille
essivenostalgiananostalgioina
translativenostalgiaksinostalgioiksi
instructive—nostalgioin
abessivenostalgiattanostalgioitta
comitative—nostalgioineen
Possessive forms of nostalgia (type kulkija)
possessorsingularplural
1st personnostalgianinostalgiamme
2nd personnostalgiasinostalgianne
3rd personnostalgiansa

Derived terms

  • nostalgikko
  • nostalginen
  • nostalgisesti
  • nostalgisoida
  • nostalgisointi
  • nostalgisuus

Indonesian

Etymology

From English nostalgia.

Noun

nostalgia (first-person possessive nostalgiaku, second-person possessive nostalgiamu, third-person possessive nostalgianya)

  1. nostalgia

Further reading

  • “nostalgia” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from New Latin nostalgia, coined from Ancient Greek νόστος (nóstos, “returning home”) + ἄλγος (álgos, “pain”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /no.stalˈd͡ʒi.a/
  • Rhymes: -ia
  • Hyphenation: no‧stal‧gì‧a

Noun

nostalgia f (plural nostalgie)

  1. nostalgia, homesickness, longing
  • nostalgico

Anagrams

  • angolasti, losangati, stagliano

Malay

Etymology

From English nostalgia.

Noun

nostalgia (Jawi spelling نوستلݢيا‎, plural nostalgia-nostalgia, informal 1st possessive nostalgiaku, 2nd possessive nostalgiamu, 3rd possessive nostalgianya)

  1. nostalgia

Further reading

  • “nostalgia” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from French nostalgie, from New Latin nostalgia, from Ancient Greek νόστος (nóstos) + ἄλγος (álgos).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /nɔsˈtal.ɡja/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -alɡja
  • Syllabification: nos‧tal‧gia

Noun

nostalgia f

  1. nostalgia (yearning for the past)

Declension

Declension of nostalgia
singularplural
nominativenostalgianostalgie
genitivenostalgiinostalgii/nostalgij (archaic)
dativenostalgiinostalgiom
accusativenostalgięnostalgie
instrumentalnostalgiąnostalgiami
locativenostalgiinostalgiach
vocativenostalgionostalgie

Derived terms

adjective
  • nostalgiczny
nouns
  • nostalgiczka
  • nostalgik
adverb
  • nostalgicznie

Further reading

  • nostalgia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • nostalgia in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Etymology

From New Latin nostalgia, coined from Ancient Greek νόστος (nóstos, “returning home”) + ἄλγος (álgos, “pain”).

Cognate with Galician nostalxia.

Pronunciation

 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /nos.tawˈʒi.ɐ/ [nos.taʊ̯ˈʒi.ɐ]
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /noʃ.tawˈʒi.ɐ/ [noʃ.taʊ̯ˈʒi.ɐ]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /nos.tawˈʒi.a/ [nos.taʊ̯ˈʒi.a]
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /nuʃ.talˈʒi.ɐ/ [nuʃ.taɫˈʒi.ɐ]

  • Hyphenation: nos‧tal‧gi‧a

Noun

nostalgia f (plural nostalgias)

  1. nostalgia (yearning for the past)

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from New Latin nostalgia, coined from Ancient Greek νόστος (nóstos, “returning home”) + ἄλγος (álgos, “pain”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /nosˈtalxja/ [nosˈt̪al.xja]
  • Rhymes: -alxja
  • Syllabification: nos‧tal‧gia

Noun

nostalgia f (plural nostalgias)

  1. nostalgia
  • nostálgico

Further reading

  • “nostalgia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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