nosco
Italian
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin nōscum, from Latin nōbiscum (“with us”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈnɔ.sko/
- Rhymes: -ɔsko
- Hyphenation: nò‧sco
Pronoun
nosco (poetic, archaic)
- with us
- 1321, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Purgatorio [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, published 2001, Canto XXII, lines 106–108, page 340:
- Euripide v'è nosco e Antifonte, ¶ Simonide, Agatone e altri piùe ¶ Greci che già di lauro ornar la fronte.
- Euripides is with us, Antiphon, ¶ Simonides, Agatho, and many other ¶ Greeks who of old their brows with laurel decked.
- 1825, Vincenzo Monti, transl., “Libro IV [Book 4]”, in Iliade [Iliad], Milan: Giovanni Resnati e Gius. Bernardoni di Gio, translation of Ἰλιάς (Iliás) by Homer, published 1840, page 85:
- […] chi primiero ¶ L'accordo vïolò, pasto vedrassi ¶ Di voraci avoltoi, mentre captive ¶ Le dilette lor mogli in un co' figli ¶ Noi nosco condurremo, Ilio distrutto.
- those who first broke the agreeement will be meal for hungry vultures, while we take with us their beloved wives and children, after destroying Troy.
-
- (by extension) among us
- (by extension) towards or against us
- (by extension) in our time
See also
- meco
- seco
- teco
- vosco
Further reading
- nosco in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication
Anagrams
- sonco
Latin
Alternative forms
- gnōscō
Etymology
From earlier gnōscō, from Proto-Italic *gnōskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃sḱéti.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈnoːs.koː/, [ˈnoːs̠koː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈnos.ko/, [ˈnɔsko]
Verb
nōscō (present infinitive nōscere, perfect active nōvī, supine nōtum); third conjugation
- to become acquainted with something, learn about it
- Synonyms: intellegō, cognosco, cerno, tongeo, prehendō
- c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 1.52:
- Cum igitur "nosce te" dicit, hoc dicit: "nosce animum tuum". Nam corpus quidem quasi vas est aut aliquod animi receptaculum.
- Therefore when he [the Pythian Apollo] says, "Know thyself", this is what it means: "Know your mind". The body is of course like a vase, or some other container for the mind.
- Cum igitur "nosce te" dicit, hoc dicit: "nosce animum tuum". Nam corpus quidem quasi vas est aut aliquod animi receptaculum.
- (in perfect tenses and past participle) I know, recognize, am acquainted with, i.e.; in possession of knowledge.
- Synonyms: agnōscō, cognōscō, inveniō, sentiō, cōnsciō, sapiō, sciō, scīscō, intellegō, percipiō, discernō, tongeō, cernō, audiō
- Antonyms: ignōrō, nesciō
- 2 CE, Ovid, Ars Amatoria 1.1-2:
- Sī quis in hōc artem populō nōn nōvit amandī, / hoc legat et lēctō carmine doctus amet.
- If anyone does not know the art of loving, may they read this, and having both read the poem and been taught, love.
- Sī quis in hōc artem populō nōn nōvit amandī, / hoc legat et lēctō carmine doctus amet.
- Hīc Nātus Ubīque Nōtus
- Born Here, Known Everywhere (motto of the Allende Institute in reference to Ignacio de Allende)
- (rare) to recognize someone, be familiar with
- Synonyms: recognōscō, cognōscō, agnōscō
- (euphemistic) to have had sex with, have ever slept with
- Synonym: cognōscō
- c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, 72 :
- Dīcēbās quondam sōlum tē nōsse Catullum, / Lesbia, nec prae mē velle tenēre Iovem.
- You used to say, some time ago, that you only ever slept with [me] Catullus, Lesbia, and that you didn't want to hold [even] Jupiter more than me.
- Dīcēbās quondam sōlum tē nōsse Catullum, / Lesbia, nec prae mē velle tenēre Iovem.
- to accept a reason or excuse
- Synonyms: accipiō, cōnservō
- (Late Latin, Christian Latin) to acknowledge God, submit to
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Acta Apostolorum 19:15:
- Respondens autem spiritus nequam dixit eis, Iesum novi et Paulum scio, vos autem qui estis?
- A wicked spirit replied to them, "I acknowledge Jesus, and I know Paul, but who are all of you?
- Respondens autem spiritus nequam dixit eis, Iesum novi et Paulum scio, vos autem qui estis?
Conjugation
| Conjugation of nōscō (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | nōscō | nōscis | nōscit | nōscimus | nōscitis | nōscunt |
| imperfect | nōscēbam | nōscēbās | nōscēbat | nōscēbāmus | nōscēbātis | nōscēbant | |
| future | nōscam | nōscēs | nōscet | nōscēmus | nōscētis | nōscent | |
| perfect | nōvī | nōvistī, nōstī1 | nōvit | nōvimus, nōmus1 | nōvistis, nōstis1 | nōvērunt, nōvēre, nōrunt1 | |
| pluperfect | nōveram, nōram1 | nōverās, nōrās1 | nōverat, nōrat1 | nōverāmus, nōrāmus1 | nōverātis, nōrātis1 | nōverant, nōrant1 | |
| future perfect | nōverō, nōrō1 | nōveris, nōris1 | nōverit, nōrit1 | nōverimus, nōrimus1 | nōveritis, nōritis1 | nōverint, nōrint1 | |
| passive | present | nōscor | nōsceris, nōscere | nōscitur | nōscimur | nōsciminī | nōscuntur |
| imperfect | nōscēbar | nōscēbāris, nōscēbāre | nōscēbātur | nōscēbāmur | nōscēbāminī | nōscēbantur | |
| future | nōscar | nōscēris, nōscēre | nōscētur | nōscēmur | nōscēminī | nōscentur | |
| perfect | nōtus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | nōtus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | nōtus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | nōscam | nōscās | nōscat | nōscāmus | nōscātis | nōscant |
| imperfect | nōscerem | nōscerēs | nōsceret | nōscerēmus | nōscerētis | nōscerent | |
| perfect | nōverim, nōrim1 | nōverīs, nōrīs1 | nōverit, nōrit1 | nōverīmus, nōrīmus1 | nōverītis, nōrītis1 | nōverint, nōrint1 | |
| pluperfect | nōvissem, nōssem1 | nōvissēs, nōssēs1 | nōvisset, nōsset1 | nōvissēmus, nōssēmus1 | nōvissētis, nōssētis1 | nōvissent, nōssent1 | |
| passive | present | nōscar | nōscāris, nōscāre | nōscātur | nōscāmur | nōscāminī | nōscantur |
| imperfect | nōscerer | nōscerēris, nōscerēre | nōscerētur | nōscerēmur | nōscerēminī | nōscerentur | |
| perfect | nōtus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | nōtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | nōsce | — | — | nōscite | — |
| future | — | nōscitō | nōscitō | — | nōscitōte | nōscuntō | |
| passive | present | — | nōscere | — | — | nōsciminī | — |
| future | — | nōscitor | nōscitor | — | — | nōscuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | nōscere | nōvisse, nōsse1 | nōtūrum esse | nōscī | nōtum esse | nōtum īrī | |
| participles | nōscēns | — | nōtūrus | — | nōtus | nōscendus, nōscundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| nōscendī | nōscendō | nōscendum | nōscendō | nōtum | nōtū | ||
1The verb "nōscō" and its compounds frequently drop the syllables "vi" and "ve" from their perfect, pluperfect and future perfect conjugations.
Derived terms
- agnōscō
- cognōscō
- dīnōscō
- ignōscō
- internōscō
- nōbilis
- nota
- nōtiō
- nōtor
- nōtus
- pernōscō
- praecognōscō
- praenōscō
- renōscō
References
- “nosco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “nosco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- nosco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be acquainted with the history of one's own land: domestica (externa) nosse
- to be acquainted with the history of one's own land: domestica (externa) nosse