nirvana

nirvana

See also: Nirvana and nirvána

English

WOTD – 21 June 2006

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit निर्वाण (nirvāṇa, “blown or put out, extinguished”), from निस् (nis, “out”) +‎ वा (vā, “to blow”), the second part cognate with Russian ве́тер (véter, “wind”), weather, athlete, vent and wind.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /nɪəˈvɑːnə/
• (US) IPA^(key): /nɪɹˈvɑnə/, /nɚˈvɑnə/, /nɚˈvænə/

  • Audio (US)

    (file)

• (Indian English) IPA^(key): /nɪɾˈʋɑːn(ə)/

• Audio (AU)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːnə

Noun

nirvana (countable and uncountable, plural nirvanas)

1. (Buddhism) Complete cessation of suffering; a blissful state attained through realization of sunyata; enlightened experience.
2. (non-Buddhist, colloquial) State of paradise; heightened or great pleasure.

Derived terms

• nerdvana
• nirvanic
• parinirvana

Translations

Buddhism: cessation of suffering

Arabic: اَلنِّرْفَانَا‎ f (an-nirfanā) Belarusian: нірва́на f (nirvána) Bengali: নির্বাণ (bn) (nirbaṇ) Burmese: နိဗ္ဗာန် (my) (nibban) Catalan: nirvana (ca) m Chinese: Cantonese: 涅槃 (nip6 pun4) Mandarin: 涅槃 (zh) (nièpán) Dutch: nirwana (nl) n Esperanto: nirvano Finnish: onni (fi), autuus (fi) French: nirvana (fr) m German: Nirvana (de) n, Nirwana (de) n Greek: μακαριότητα (el) (makariótita), Νιρβάνα (el) (Nirvána) Hindi: निर्वाण (hi) m (nirvāṇ) Hungarian: nirvána (hu) Ido: nirvana (io) Irish: nirbheána m Japanese: 寂滅 (ja) (じゃくめつ, jakumetsu), 涅槃 (ja) (ねはん, nehan) Kalmyk: нирван (nirvan) Kazakh: нирвана (nirvana) Khmer: និព្វាន (km) (nɨppiən) Korean: 열반(涅槃) (ko) (yeolban), 니르바나 (nireubana), 해탈 (haetal) Lao: ນິພານ (ni phān) Latvian: nirvāna f Lithuanian: nirvana f Malay: nirwana Indonesian: nirwana (id) Mon: နိဗ္ဗာန် (nibbān), နိပ်ဗါန် (nip bān) (Pak Kret District) Mongolian: ᠭᠠᠰᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠥᠭᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ (ɣasalaŋ ača nöɣčiɣsen) Pali: nibbāna Polish: nirwana (pl) f Portuguese: nirvana (pt) m Russian: нирва́на (ru) f (nirvána) Sanskrit: निर्वाण (sa) (nirvāṇa) Shan: ၼိၵ်ႈပၢၼ်ႇ (nīk pàan) Sinhalese: නිවන (si) (niwana) Spanish: nirvana (es) m Thai: นิพพาน (níp-paan) Tibetan: མྱ་ངན་ལས་འདས་པ (mya ngan las 'das pa), མྱང་འདས (myang 'das) Ukrainian: нірва́на f (nirvána) Urdu: نروان‎ m (nirvāṇ) Vietnamese: niết bàn (vi) (涅槃)

state of bliss

Arabic: اَلنِّرْفَانَا‎ f (an-nirfanā) Bengali: নির্বাণ (bn) (nirbaṇ) Burmese: နိဗ္ဗာန် (my) (nibban) Chinese: Mandarin: 涅槃 (zh) (nièpán), 入寂 (zh) (rùjì) Czech: nirvána (cs) f Dutch: nirwana (nl) n Esperanto: nirvano Finnish: nirvana French: nirvana (fr) m German: Nirvana (de) n, Nirwana (de) n Greek: νιρβάνα (el) f (nirvána) Hindi: निर्वाण (hi) m (nirvāṇ) Hungarian: nirvána (hu) Ido: nirvana (io) Irish: nirbheána m Japanese: 入寂 (ja) (にゅうじゃく, nyūjaku), 涅槃 (ja) (ねはん, nehan) Kalmyk: нирван (nirvan) Kannada: ನಿರ್ವಾಣ (kn) (nirvāṇa) Korean: 열반(涅槃) (ko) (yeolban), 니르바나 (nireubana), 해탈 (haetal) Malay: nirwana Polish: nirwana (pl) f Portuguese: nirvana (pt) m Russian: нирва́на (ru) f (nirvána) Sanskrit: निर्वाण (sa) (nirvāṇa) Sinhalese: නිර්වාණ (nirwāṇa) Spanish: nirvana (es) m Swedish: nirvana (sv) Thai: นิพพาน (níp-paan) Ukrainian: нірва́на f (nirvána) Urdu: نروان‎ Vietnamese: niết bàn (vi) (涅槃)

Further reading

• nirvana on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Anirvan, navarin

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Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit निर्वाण (nirvāṇa, “blown or put out, extinguished”), from निस् (nis, “out”) +‎ वा (vā, “to blow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnirʋɑnɑ/, [ˈnirʋɑnɑ]
• Rhymes: -irʋɑnɑ
• Syllabification^(key): nir‧va‧na

Noun

nirvana

1. nirvana

Declension

Inflection of nirvana (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		nirvana	nirvanat
genitive		nirvanan	nirvanoiden nirvanoitten
partitive		nirvanaa	nirvanoita
illative		nirvanaan	nirvanoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		nirvana	nirvanat
accusative	nom.	nirvana	nirvanat
	gen.	nirvanan
genitive		nirvanan	nirvanoiden nirvanoitten nirvanainrare
partitive		nirvanaa	nirvanoita
inessive		nirvanassa	nirvanoissa
elative		nirvanasta	nirvanoista
illative		nirvanaan	nirvanoihin
adessive		nirvanalla	nirvanoilla
ablative		nirvanalta	nirvanoilta
allative		nirvanalle	nirvanoille
essive		nirvanana	nirvanoina
translative		nirvanaksi	nirvanoiksi
instructive		—	nirvanoin
abessive		nirvanatta	nirvanoitta
comitative		—	nirvanoineen

Possessive forms of nirvana (type kulkija)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	nirvanani	nirvanamme
2nd person	nirvanasi	nirvananne
3rd person	nirvanansa

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French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /niʁ.va.na/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

nirvana m (plural nirvanas)

1. nirvana

Further reading

• “nirvana”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit निर्वाण (nirvāṇa, “blown or put out, extinguished”), from निस् (nis, “out”) +‎ वा (vā, “to blow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nirˈva.na/
• Rhymes: -ana
• Hyphenation: nir‧và‧na

Noun

nirvana m (invariable)

1. nirvana

Related terms

• nirvanico

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Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit निर्वाण (nirvāṇa, “blown or put out, extinguished”), from निस् (nis, “out”) +‎ वा (vā, “to blow”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /niʁˈvɐ̃.nɐ/ [niɦˈvɐ̃.nɐ]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /niʁˈvɐ̃.nɐ/ [niɦˈvɐ̃.nɐ]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /niɾˈvɐ̃.nɐ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /niʁˈvɐ̃.nɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /niɻˈvɐ.na/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /niɾˈvɐ.nɐ/

• Rhymes: (Portugal) -ɐnɐ, (Brazil) -ɐ̃nɐ
• Hyphenation: nir‧va‧na

Noun

nirvana m (plural nirvanas)

1. (Buddhism) nirvana (complete cessation of suffering)

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Romanian

Etymology

From French nirvana.

Noun

nirvana f (uncountable)

1. nirvana

Declension

declension of nirvana (singular only)

	singular
f gender	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(o) nirvana	nirvanaua
genitive/dative	(unei) -	-i
vocative

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit निर्वाण (nirvāṇa, “blown or put out, extinguished”), from निस् (nis, “out”) +‎ वा (vā, “to blow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nirʋǎna/
• Hyphenation: nir‧va‧na

Noun

nirvàna f (Cyrillic spelling нирва̀на)

1. nirvana

Declension

Declension of nirvana

	singular	plural
nominative	nirvana	nirvane
genitive	nirvane	nirvana
dative	nirvani	nirvanama
accusative	nirvanu	nirvane
vocative	nirvano	nirvane
locative	nirvani	nirvanama
instrumental	nirvanom	nirvanama

References

• “nirvana” in Hrvatski jezični portal

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Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit निर्वाण (nirvāṇa, “blown or put out, extinguished”), from निस् (nis, “out”) +‎ वा (vā, “to blow”). The masculine gender in Spanish seems to adapt the neuter gender of the Sanskrit original, compare mantra, yoga.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /niɾˈbana/ [niɾˈβ̞a.na]
• Rhymes: -ana
• Syllabification: nir‧va‧na

Noun

nirvana m (plural nirvanas)

1. nirvana

Further reading

• “nirvana”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014