ngqongqoza
Zulu
Etymology
Related to Xhosa -nkqonkqoza.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ᵑǃʱoᵑǃʱóːza/
Verb
-ngqongqóza
- to knock
Inflection
Tone H | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukungqongqoza | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukungqongqoza | ukungangqongqozi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | ngqongqoza | -ngqongqoze | |||||||
Plural | ngqongqozani | -ngqongqozeni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyangqongqoza, ngingqongqoza | engingqongqozayo, engingqongqoza | ngingqongqoza | angingqongqozi | engingangqongqozi | ngingangqongqozi | |||
2nd singular | uyangqongqoza, ungqongqoza | ongqongqozayo, ongqongqoza | ungqongqoza | awungqongqozi | ongangqongqozi | ungangqongqozi | |||
1st plural | siyangqongqoza, singqongqoza | esingqongqozayo, esingqongqoza | singqongqoza | asingqongqozi | esingangqongqozi | singangqongqozi | |||
2nd plural | niyangqongqoza, ningqongqoza | eningqongqozayo, eningqongqoza | ningqongqoza | aningqongqozi | eningangqongqozi | ningangqongqozi | |||
Class 1 | uyangqongqoza, ungqongqoza | ongqongqozayo, ongqongqoza | engqongqoza | akangqongqozi | ongangqongqozi | engangqongqozi | |||
Class 2 | bayangqongqoza, bangqongqoza | abangqongqozayo, abangqongqoza | bengqongqoza | abangqongqozi | abangangqongqozi | bengangqongqozi | |||
Class 3 | uyangqongqoza, ungqongqoza | ongqongqozayo, ongqongqoza | ungqongqoza | awungqongqozi | ongangqongqozi | ungangqongqozi | |||
Class 4 | iyangqongqoza, ingqongqoza | engqongqozayo, engqongqoza | ingqongqoza | ayingqongqozi | engangqongqozi | ingangqongqozi | |||
Class 5 | liyangqongqoza, lingqongqoza | elingqongqozayo, elingqongqoza | lingqongqoza | alingqongqozi | elingangqongqozi | lingangqongqozi | |||
Class 6 | ayangqongqoza, angqongqoza | angqongqozayo, angqongqoza | engqongqoza | awangqongqozi | angangqongqozi | engangqongqozi | |||
Class 7 | siyangqongqoza, singqongqoza | esingqongqozayo, esingqongqoza | singqongqoza | asingqongqozi | esingangqongqozi | singangqongqozi | |||
Class 8 | ziyangqongqoza, zingqongqoza | ezingqongqozayo, ezingqongqoza | zingqongqoza | azingqongqozi | ezingangqongqozi | zingangqongqozi | |||
Class 9 | iyangqongqoza, ingqongqoza | engqongqozayo, engqongqoza | ingqongqoza | ayingqongqozi | engangqongqozi | ingangqongqozi | |||
Class 10 | ziyangqongqoza, zingqongqoza | ezingqongqozayo, ezingqongqoza | zingqongqoza | azingqongqozi | ezingangqongqozi | zingangqongqozi | |||
Class 11 | luyangqongqoza, lungqongqoza | olungqongqozayo, olungqongqoza | lungqongqoza | alungqongqozi | olungangqongqozi | lungangqongqozi | |||
Class 14 | buyangqongqoza, bungqongqoza | obungqongqozayo, obungqongqoza | bungqongqoza | abungqongqozi | obungangqongqozi | bungangqongqozi | |||
Class 15 | kuyangqongqoza, kungqongqoza | okungqongqozayo, okungqongqoza | kungqongqoza | akungqongqozi | okungangqongqozi | kungangqongqozi | |||
Class 17 | kuyangqongqoza, kungqongqoza | okungqongqozayo, okungqongqoza | kungqongqoza | akungqongqozi | okungangqongqozi | kungangqongqozi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingqongqozile, ngingqongqozē | engingqongqozile, engingqongqozē | ngingqongqozile, ngingqongqozē | angingqongqozanga | engingangqongqozanga | ngingangqongqozanga | |||
2nd singular | ungqongqozile, ungqongqozē | ongqongqozile, ongqongqozē | ungqongqozile, ungqongqozē | awungqongqozanga | ongangqongqozanga | ungangqongqozanga | |||
1st plural | singqongqozile, singqongqozē | esingqongqozile, esingqongqozē | singqongqozile, singqongqozē | asingqongqozanga | esingangqongqozanga | singangqongqozanga | |||
2nd plural | ningqongqozile, ningqongqozē | eningqongqozile, eningqongqozē | ningqongqozile, ningqongqozē | aningqongqozanga | eningangqongqozanga | ningangqongqozanga | |||
Class 1 | ungqongqozile, ungqongqozē | ongqongqozile, ongqongqozē | engqongqozile, engqongqozē | akangqongqozanga | ongangqongqozanga | engangqongqozanga | |||
Class 2 | bangqongqozile, bangqongqozē | abangqongqozile, abangqongqozē | bengqongqozile, bengqongqozē | abangqongqozanga | abangangqongqozanga | bengangqongqozanga | |||
Class 3 | ungqongqozile, ungqongqozē | ongqongqozile, ongqongqozē | ungqongqozile, ungqongqozē | awungqongqozanga | ongangqongqozanga | ungangqongqozanga | |||
Class 4 | ingqongqozile, ingqongqozē | engqongqozile, engqongqozē | ingqongqozile, ingqongqozē | ayingqongqozanga | engangqongqozanga | ingangqongqozanga | |||
Class 5 | lingqongqozile, lingqongqozē | elingqongqozile, elingqongqozē | lingqongqozile, lingqongqozē | alingqongqozanga | elingangqongqozanga | lingangqongqozanga | |||
Class 6 | angqongqozile, angqongqozē | angqongqozile, angqongqozē | engqongqozile, engqongqozē | awangqongqozanga | angangqongqozanga | engangqongqozanga | |||
Class 7 | singqongqozile, singqongqozē | esingqongqozile, esingqongqozē | singqongqozile, singqongqozē | asingqongqozanga | esingangqongqozanga | singangqongqozanga | |||
Class 8 | zingqongqozile, zingqongqozē | ezingqongqozile, ezingqongqozē | zingqongqozile, zingqongqozē | azingqongqozanga | ezingangqongqozanga | zingangqongqozanga | |||
Class 9 | ingqongqozile, ingqongqozē | engqongqozile, engqongqozē | ingqongqozile, ingqongqozē | ayingqongqozanga | engangqongqozanga | ingangqongqozanga | |||
Class 10 | zingqongqozile, zingqongqozē | ezingqongqozile, ezingqongqozē | zingqongqozile, zingqongqozē | azingqongqozanga | ezingangqongqozanga | zingangqongqozanga | |||
Class 11 | lungqongqozile, lungqongqozē | olungqongqozile, olungqongqozē | lungqongqozile, lungqongqozē | alungqongqozanga | olungangqongqozanga | lungangqongqozanga | |||
Class 14 | bungqongqozile, bungqongqozē | obungqongqozile, obungqongqozē | bungqongqozile, bungqongqozē | abungqongqozanga | obungangqongqozanga | bungangqongqozanga | |||
Class 15 | kungqongqozile, kungqongqozē | okungqongqozile, okungqongqozē | kungqongqozile, kungqongqozē | akungqongqozanga | okungangqongqozanga | kungangqongqozanga | |||
Class 17 | kungqongqozile, kungqongqozē | okungqongqozile, okungqongqozē | kungqongqozile, kungqongqozē | akungqongqozanga | okungangqongqozanga | kungangqongqozanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāngqongqoza | engāngqongqoza | ngāngqongqoza | angingqongqozanga | engingangqongqozanga | ngingangqongqozanga | |||
2nd singular | wāngqongqoza | owāngqongqoza | wāngqongqoza | awungqongqozanga | ongangqongqozanga | ungangqongqozanga | |||
1st plural | sāngqongqoza | esāngqongqoza | sāngqongqoza | asingqongqozanga | esingangqongqozanga | singangqongqozanga | |||
2nd plural | nāngqongqoza | enāngqongqoza | nāngqongqoza | aningqongqozanga | eningangqongqozanga | ningangqongqozanga | |||
Class 1 | wāngqongqoza | owāngqongqoza | āngqongqoza | akangqongqozanga | ongangqongqozanga | engangqongqozanga | |||
Class 2 | bāngqongqoza | abāngqongqoza | bāngqongqoza | abangqongqozanga | abangangqongqozanga | bengangqongqozanga | |||
Class 3 | wāngqongqoza | owāngqongqoza | wāngqongqoza | awungqongqozanga | ongangqongqozanga | ungangqongqozanga | |||
Class 4 | yāngqongqoza | eyāngqongqoza | yāngqongqoza | ayingqongqozanga | engangqongqozanga | ingangqongqozanga | |||
Class 5 | lāngqongqoza | elāngqongqoza | lāngqongqoza | alingqongqozanga | elingangqongqozanga | lingangqongqozanga | |||
Class 6 | āngqongqoza | āngqongqoza | āngqongqoza | awangqongqozanga | angangqongqozanga | engangqongqozanga | |||
Class 7 | sāngqongqoza | esāngqongqoza | sāngqongqoza | asingqongqozanga | esingangqongqozanga | singangqongqozanga | |||
Class 8 | zāngqongqoza | ezāngqongqoza | zāngqongqoza | azingqongqozanga | ezingangqongqozanga | zingangqongqozanga | |||
Class 9 | yāngqongqoza | eyāngqongqoza | yāngqongqoza | ayingqongqozanga | engangqongqozanga | ingangqongqozanga | |||
Class 10 | zāngqongqoza | ezāngqongqoza | zāngqongqoza | azingqongqozanga | ezingangqongqozanga | zingangqongqozanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāngqongqoza | olwāngqongqoza | lwāngqongqoza | alungqongqozanga | olungangqongqozanga | lungangqongqozanga | |||
Class 14 | bāngqongqoza | obāngqongqoza | bāngqongqoza | abungqongqozanga | obungangqongqozanga | bungangqongqozanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāngqongqoza | okwāngqongqoza | kwāngqongqoza | akungqongqozanga | okungangqongqozanga | kungangqongqozanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāngqongqoza | okwāngqongqoza | kwāngqongqoza | akungqongqozanga | okungangqongqozanga | kungangqongqozanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingangqongqoza | — | ngingangqongqoza | ngingengqongqoze | — | ngingengqongqoze | |||
2nd singular | ungangqongqoza | — | ungangqongqoza | ungengqongqoze | — | ungengqongqoze | |||
1st plural | singangqongqoza | — | singangqongqoza | singengqongqoze | — | singengqongqoze | |||
2nd plural | ningangqongqoza | — | ningangqongqoza | ningengqongqoze | — | ningengqongqoze | |||
Class 1 | angangqongqoza | — | engangqongqoza | angengqongqoze | — | engengqongqoze | |||
Class 2 | bangangqongqoza | — | bengangqongqoza | bangengqongqoze | — | bengengqongqoze | |||
Class 3 | ungangqongqoza | — | ungangqongqoza | ungengqongqoze | — | ungengqongqoze | |||
Class 4 | ingangqongqoza | — | ingangqongqoza | ingengqongqoze | — | ingengqongqoze | |||
Class 5 | lingangqongqoza | — | lingangqongqoza | lingengqongqoze | — | lingengqongqoze | |||
Class 6 | angangqongqoza | — | engangqongqoza | angengqongqoze | — | engengqongqoze | |||
Class 7 | singangqongqoza | — | singangqongqoza | singengqongqoze | — | singengqongqoze | |||
Class 8 | zingangqongqoza | — | zingangqongqoza | zingengqongqoze | — | zingengqongqoze | |||
Class 9 | ingangqongqoza | — | ingangqongqoza | ingengqongqoze | — | ingengqongqoze | |||
Class 10 | zingangqongqoza | — | zingangqongqoza | zingengqongqoze | — | zingengqongqoze | |||
Class 11 | lungangqongqoza | — | lungangqongqoza | lungengqongqoze | — | lungengqongqoze | |||
Class 14 | bungangqongqoza | — | bungangqongqoza | bungengqongqoze | — | bungengqongqoze | |||
Class 15 | kungangqongqoza | — | kungangqongqoza | kungengqongqoze | — | kungengqongqoze | |||
Class 17 | kungangqongqoza | — | kungangqongqoza | kungengqongqoze | — | kungengqongqoze | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizongqongqoza | engizongqongqoza | ngizongqongqoza | angizungqongqoza | — | ngingezungqongqoza | |||
2nd singular | uzongqongqoza | ozongqongqoza | uzongqongqoza | awuzungqongqoza | — | ungezungqongqoza | |||
1st plural | sizongqongqoza | esizongqongqoza | sizongqongqoza | asizungqongqoza | — | singezungqongqoza | |||
2nd plural | nizongqongqoza | enizongqongqoza | nizongqongqoza | anizungqongqoza | — | ningezungqongqoza | |||
Class 1 | uzongqongqoza | ozongqongqoza | ezongqongqoza | akazungqongqoza | — | engezungqongqoza | |||
Class 2 | bazongqongqoza | abazongqongqoza | bezongqongqoza | abazungqongqoza | — | bengezungqongqoza | |||
Class 3 | uzongqongqoza | ozongqongqoza | uzongqongqoza | awuzungqongqoza | — | ungezungqongqoza | |||
Class 4 | izongqongqoza | ezongqongqoza | izongqongqoza | ayizungqongqoza | — | ingezungqongqoza | |||
Class 5 | lizongqongqoza | elizongqongqoza | lizongqongqoza | alizungqongqoza | — | lingezungqongqoza | |||
Class 6 | azongqongqoza | azongqongqoza | ezongqongqoza | awazungqongqoza | — | engezungqongqoza | |||
Class 7 | sizongqongqoza | esizongqongqoza | sizongqongqoza | asizungqongqoza | — | singezungqongqoza | |||
Class 8 | zizongqongqoza | ezizongqongqoza | zizongqongqoza | azizungqongqoza | — | zingezungqongqoza | |||
Class 9 | izongqongqoza | ezongqongqoza | izongqongqoza | ayizungqongqoza | — | ingezungqongqoza | |||
Class 10 | zizongqongqoza | ezizongqongqoza | zizongqongqoza | azizungqongqoza | — | zingezungqongqoza | |||
Class 11 | luzongqongqoza | oluzongqongqoza | luzongqongqoza | aluzungqongqoza | — | lungezungqongqoza | |||
Class 14 | buzongqongqoza | obuzongqongqoza | buzongqongqoza | abuzungqongqoza | — | bungezungqongqoza | |||
Class 15 | kuzongqongqoza | okuzongqongqoza | kuzongqongqoza | akuzungqongqoza | — | kungezungqongqoza | |||
Class 17 | kuzongqongqoza | okuzongqongqoza | kuzongqongqoza | akuzungqongqoza | — | kungezungqongqoza | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyongqongqoza | engiyongqongqoza | ngiyongqongqoza | angiyungqongqoza | — | ngingeyungqongqoza | |||
2nd singular | uyongqongqoza | oyongqongqoza | uyongqongqoza | awuyungqongqoza | — | ungeyungqongqoza | |||
1st plural | siyongqongqoza | esiyongqongqoza | siyongqongqoza | asiyungqongqoza | — | singeyungqongqoza | |||
2nd plural | niyongqongqoza | eniyongqongqoza | niyongqongqoza | aniyungqongqoza | — | ningeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 1 | uyongqongqoza | oyongqongqoza | eyongqongqoza | akayungqongqoza | — | engeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 2 | bayongqongqoza | abayongqongqoza | beyongqongqoza | abayungqongqoza | — | bengeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 3 | uyongqongqoza | oyongqongqoza | uyongqongqoza | awuyungqongqoza | — | ungeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 4 | iyongqongqoza | eyongqongqoza | iyongqongqoza | ayiyungqongqoza | — | ingeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 5 | liyongqongqoza | eliyongqongqoza | liyongqongqoza | aliyungqongqoza | — | lingeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 6 | ayongqongqoza | ayongqongqoza | eyongqongqoza | awayungqongqoza | — | engeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 7 | siyongqongqoza | esiyongqongqoza | siyongqongqoza | asiyungqongqoza | — | singeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 8 | ziyongqongqoza | eziyongqongqoza | ziyongqongqoza | aziyungqongqoza | — | zingeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 9 | iyongqongqoza | eyongqongqoza | iyongqongqoza | ayiyungqongqoza | — | ingeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 10 | ziyongqongqoza | eziyongqongqoza | ziyongqongqoza | aziyungqongqoza | — | zingeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 11 | luyongqongqoza | oluyongqongqoza | luyongqongqoza | aluyungqongqoza | — | lungeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 14 | buyongqongqoza | obuyongqongqoza | buyongqongqoza | abuyungqongqoza | — | bungeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 15 | kuyongqongqoza | okuyongqongqoza | kuyongqongqoza | akuyungqongqoza | — | kungeyungqongqoza | |||
Class 17 | kuyongqongqoza | okuyongqongqoza | kuyongqongqoza | akuyungqongqoza | — | kungeyungqongqoza | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngingqongqoze | ngingangqongqozi | |||||||
2nd singular | ungqongqoze | ungangqongqozi | |||||||
1st plural | singqongqoze | singangqongqozi | |||||||
2nd plural | ningqongqoze | ningangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 1 | angqongqoze | angangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 2 | bangqongqoze | bangangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 3 | ungqongqoze | ungangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 4 | ingqongqoze | ingangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 5 | lingqongqoze | lingangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 6 | angqongqoze | angangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 7 | singqongqoze | singangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 8 | zingqongqoze | zingangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 9 | ingqongqoze | ingangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 10 | zingqongqoze | zingangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 11 | lungqongqoze | lungangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 14 | bungqongqoze | bungangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 15 | kungqongqoze | kungangqongqozi | |||||||
Class 17 | kungqongqoze | kungangqongqozi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngangqongqoza | ngangangqongqoza, angangqongqoza, angangangqongqoza | |||||||
2nd singular | wangqongqoza | wangangqongqoza, awangqongqoza, awangangqongqoza | |||||||
1st plural | sangqongqoza | sangangqongqoza, asangqongqoza, asangangqongqoza | |||||||
2nd plural | nangqongqoza | nangangqongqoza, anangqongqoza, anangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 1 | wangqongqoza | wangangqongqoza, akangqongqoza, akangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 2 | bangqongqoza | bangangqongqoza, abangqongqoza, abangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 3 | wangqongqoza | wangangqongqoza, awangqongqoza, awangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 4 | yangqongqoza | yangangqongqoza, ayangqongqoza, ayangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 5 | langqongqoza | langangqongqoza, alangqongqoza, alangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 6 | angqongqoza | angangqongqoza, awangqongqoza, awangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 7 | sangqongqoza | sangangqongqoza, asangqongqoza, asangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 8 | zangqongqoza | zangangqongqoza, azangqongqoza, azangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 9 | yangqongqoza | yangangqongqoza, ayangqongqoza, ayangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 10 | zangqongqoza | zangangqongqoza, azangqongqoza, azangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 11 | lwangqongqoza | lwangangqongqoza, alwangqongqoza, alwangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 14 | bangqongqoza | bangangqongqoza, abangqongqoza, abangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 15 | kwangqongqoza | kwangangqongqoza, akwangqongqoza, akwangangqongqoza | |||||||
Class 17 | kwangqongqoza | kwangangqongqoza, akwangqongqoza, akwangangqongqoza |
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “ngqongqoza”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ngqongqoza (3.2.9)”