napata
See also: näpätä
Finnish
Etymology
Probably borrowed from Swedish nappa (“to bite, to take”), from Proto-Germanic *hnappōną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈnɑpɑtɑˣ/, [ˈnɑpɑt̪ɑ(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ɑpɑtɑ
- Syllabification(key): na‧pa‧ta
Verb
napata
- (transitive) to catch, snatch
Conjugation
| Inflection of napata (Kotus type 73*B/salata, pp-p gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | nappaan | en nappaa | 1st sing. | olen napannut | en ole napannut | |
| 2nd sing. | nappaat | et nappaa | 2nd sing. | olet napannut | et ole napannut | |
| 3rd sing. | nappaa | ei nappaa | 3rd sing. | on napannut | ei ole napannut | |
| 1st plur. | nappaamme | emme nappaa | 1st plur. | olemme napanneet | emme ole napanneet | |
| 2nd plur. | nappaatte | ette nappaa | 2nd plur. | olette napanneet | ette ole napanneet | |
| 3rd plur. | nappaavat | eivät nappaa | 3rd plur. | ovat napanneet | eivät ole napanneet | |
| passive | napataan | ei napata | passive | on napattu | ei ole napattu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | nappasin | en napannut | 1st sing. | olin napannut | en ollut napannut | |
| 2nd sing. | nappasit | et napannut | 2nd sing. | olit napannut | et ollut napannut | |
| 3rd sing. | nappasi | ei napannut | 3rd sing. | oli napannut | ei ollut napannut | |
| 1st plur. | nappasimme | emme napanneet | 1st plur. | olimme napanneet | emme olleet napanneet | |
| 2nd plur. | nappasitte | ette napanneet | 2nd plur. | olitte napanneet | ette olleet napanneet | |
| 3rd plur. | nappasivat | eivät napanneet | 3rd plur. | olivat napanneet | eivät olleet napanneet | |
| passive | napattiin | ei napattu | passive | oli napattu | ei ollut napattu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | nappaisin | en nappaisi | 1st sing. | olisin napannut | en olisi napannut | |
| 2nd sing. | nappaisit | et nappaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit napannut | et olisi napannut | |
| 3rd sing. | nappaisi | ei nappaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi napannut | ei olisi napannut | |
| 1st plur. | nappaisimme | emme nappaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme napanneet | emme olisi napanneet | |
| 2nd plur. | nappaisitte | ette nappaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte napanneet | ette olisi napanneet | |
| 3rd plur. | nappaisivat | eivät nappaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat napanneet | eivät olisi napanneet | |
| passive | napattaisiin | ei napattaisi | passive | olisi napattu | ei olisi napattu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | nappaa | älä nappaa | 2nd sing. | ole napannut | älä ole napannut | |
| 3rd sing. | napatkoon | älköön napatko | 3rd sing. | olkoon napannut | älköön olko napannut | |
| 1st plur. | napatkaamme | älkäämme napatko | 1st plur. | olkaamme napanneet | älkäämme olko napanneet | |
| 2nd plur. | napatkaa | älkää napatko | 2nd plur. | olkaa napanneet | älkää olko napanneet | |
| 3rd plur. | napatkoot | älkööt napatko | 3rd plur. | olkoot napanneet | älkööt olko napanneet | |
| passive | napattakoon | älköön napattako | passive | olkoon napattu | älköön olko napattu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | napannen | en napanne | 1st sing. | lienen napannut | en liene napannut | |
| 2nd sing. | napannet | et napanne | 2nd sing. | lienet napannut | et liene napannut | |
| 3rd sing. | napannee | ei napanne | 3rd sing. | lienee napannut | ei liene napannut | |
| 1st plur. | napannemme | emme napanne | 1st plur. | lienemme napanneet | emme liene napanneet | |
| 2nd plur. | napannette | ette napanne | 2nd plur. | lienette napanneet | ette liene napanneet | |
| 3rd plur. | napannevat | eivät napanne | 3rd plur. | lienevät napanneet | eivät liene napanneet | |
| passive | napattaneen | ei napattane | passive | lienee napattu | ei liene napattu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | napata | present | nappaava | napattava | ||
| long 1st2 | napatakseen | past | napannut | napattu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | napatessa | napattaessa | agent1, 3 | nappaama | |
| instructive | napaten | — | negative | nappaamaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | nappaamassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | nappaamasta | — | ||||
| illative | nappaamaan | — | ||||
| adessive | nappaamalla | — | ||||
| abessive | nappaamatta | — | ||||
| instructive | nappaaman | napattaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | nappaaminen | ||||
| partitive | nappaamista | |||||
| 5th2 | nappaamaisillaan | |||||
Anagrams
- pantaa, pataan, patana, tapaan, tapana
Ingrian
Etymology
Ultimately from Old Swedish nappa (“to bite; to take”). Cognate with Finnish napata.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈnɑpɑtɑ/, [ˈnɑpɑd]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈnɑpɑtɑ/, [ˈnɑb̥ɑd̥ɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑpɑtɑ
- Hyphenation: na‧pa‧ta
Verb
napata
- (transitive) to kick
- (transitive) to snatch
Conjugation
| Conjugation of napata (type 16/maata, pp-p gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | nappaan | en nappaa | 1st singular | oon napant, oon napannut | en oo napant, en oo napannut |
| 2nd singular | nappaat | et nappaa | 2nd singular | oot napant, oot napannut | et oo napant, et oo napannut |
| 3rd singular | nappajaa | ei nappaa | 3rd singular | ono napant, ono napannut | ei oo napant, ei oo napannut |
| 1st plural | nappaamma | emmä nappaa | 1st plural | oomma napanneet | emmä oo napanneet |
| 2nd plural | nappaatta | että nappaa | 2nd plural | ootta napanneet | että oo napanneet |
| 3rd plural | nappajaat1), nappaavat2), napataa | evät nappaa | 3rd plural | ovat napanneet | evät oo napanneet |
| impersonal | napataa | ei napata | impersonal | ono napattu | ei oo napattu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | nappaisin | en napant, en napannut | 1st singular | olin napant, olin napannut | en olt napant, en olt napannut |
| 2nd singular | nappaisit, nappaist1) | et napant, et napannut | 2nd singular | olit napant, olit napannut | et olt napant, et olt napannut |
| 3rd singular | nappais | ei napant, ei napannut | 3rd singular | oli napant, oli napannut | ei olt napant, ei olt napannut |
| 1st plural | nappaisimma | emmä napanneet | 1st plural | olimma napanneet | emmä olleet napanneet |
| 2nd plural | nappaisitta | että napanneet | 2nd plural | olitta napanneet | että olleet napanneet |
| 3rd plural | nappaisiit1), nappaisivat2), napattii | evät napanneet | 3rd plural | olivat napanneet | evät olleet napanneet |
| impersonal | napattii | ei napattu | impersonal | oli napattu | ei olt napattu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | nappajaisin | en nappajais | 1st singular | olisin napant, olisin napannut | en olis napant, en olis napannut |
| 2nd singular | nappajaisit, nappajaist1) | et nappajais | 2nd singular | olisit napant, olisit napannut | et olis napant, et olis napannut |
| 3rd singular | nappajais | ei nappajais | 3rd singular | olis napant, olis napannut | ei olis napant, ei olis napannut |
| 1st plural | nappajaisimma | emmä nappajais | 1st plural | olisimma napanneet | emmä olis napanneet |
| 2nd plural | nappajaisitta | että nappajais | 2nd plural | olisitta napanneet | että olis napanneet |
| 3rd plural | nappajaisiit1), nappajaisivat2), napattais | evät nappajais | 3rd plural | olisivat napanneet | evät olis napanneet |
| impersonal | napattais | ei napattais | impersonal | olis napattu | ei olis napattu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | nappaa | elä nappaa | 2nd singular | oo napant, oo napannut | elä oo napant, elä oo napannut |
| 3rd singular | napatkoo | elköö napatko | 3rd singular | olkoo napant, olkoo napannut | elköö olko napant, elköö olko napannut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | napatkaa | elkää napatko | 2nd plural | olkaa napanneet | elkää olko napanneet |
| 3rd plural | napatkoot | elkööt napatko | 3rd plural | olkoot napanneet | elkööt olko napanneet |
| impersonal | napattakkoo | elköö napattako | impersonal | olkoo napattu | elköö olko napattu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | napannen | en napanne | |||
| 2nd singular | napannet | et napanne | |||
| 3rd singular | napannoo | ei napanne | |||
| 1st plural | napannemma | emmä napanne | |||
| 2nd plural | napannetta | että napanne | |||
| 3rd plural | napannoot | evät napanne | |||
| impersonal | napattannoo | ei napattane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | napata | present | nappaava | napattava | |
| 2nd | inessive | napatees | past | napant, napannut | napattu |
| instructive | napaten | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (napatkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative, or -kse to the potential. ***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | nappaamaa | |||
| inessive | nappaamaas | ||||
| elative | nappaamast | ||||
| abessive | nappaamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | nappaamiin | |||
| partitive | nappaamista, nappaamist | ||||
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 331