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单词 name
释义

name

See also: Name, NAmE, namé, nàme, ñame, näme, .name, and -name

English

WOTD – 6 May 2006

Etymology 1

PIE word
*h₁nómn̥

From Middle English name, nome, from Old English nama, noma, from Proto-West Germanic *namō, from Proto-Germanic *namô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥.

Cognates include Saterland Frisian Noome, West Frisian namme, Dutch naam, German Name, Danish navn, Swedish namn, Latin nōmen (whence Spanish nombre), Russian имя (imja), Sanskrit नामन् (nāman). Possible cognates outside of Indo-European include Finnish nimi and Hungarian név. Doublet of nomen and noun.

Pronunciation

  • enPR: nām, IPA(key): /neɪm/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Audio (AU)(file)
  • Rhymes: -eɪm

Noun

name (plural names)

  1. Any nounal word or phrase which indicates a particular person, place, class, or thing.
    Synonyms: proper name; see also Thesaurus:name
    • c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii]:
      That which we call a rose
      By any other name would smell as sweet.
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Genesis 2:19:
      Whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof.
    • 1904, L. Frank Baum, The Marvelous Land of Oz:
      So good a man as this must surely have a name.
    • 2013 July-August, Lee S. Langston, “The Adaptable Gas Turbine”, in American Scientist:
      Turbines have been around for a long time—windmills and water wheels are early examples. The name comes from the Latin turbo, meaning vortex, and thus the defining property of a turbine is that a fluid or gas turns the blades of a rotor, which is attached to a shaft that can perform useful work.
    I've never liked the name my parents gave me so I changed it at the age of twenty.
    What's your name?
    Puddintane. Ask me again and I'll tell you the same.
  2. Reputation.
    • c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iii]:
      Good name in man and woman, dear my lord
      Is the immediate jewel of their souls.
    • 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide
      The parish stank of idolatry, abominable rites were practiced in secret, and in all the bounds there was no one had a more evil name for the black traffic than one Alison Sempill, who bode at the Skerburnfoot.
    • 1952, Old Testament, Revised Standard Version, Thomas Nelson & Sons, 2 Samuel 8:13:
      And David won a name for himself.
  3. An abusive or insulting epithet.
    Stop calling me names!
  4. A person (or legal person).
    • 1697, Virgil, “(please specify the book number)”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 403869432:
      They list with women each degenerate name.
    • p. 2002, second edition of, 2002, Graham Richards, Putting Psychology in its Place, →ISBN, page 287 
      Later British psychologists interested in this topic include such major names as Cyril Burt, William McDougall, […] .
    • 2008 edition of, 1998, S. B. Budhiraja and M. B. Athreya, Cases in Strategic Management, →ISBN page 79 :
      Would it be able to fight the competition from ITC Agro Tech and Liptons who were ready and able to commit large resources? With such big names as competitors, would this business be viable for Marico?
    • 2009 third edition of, 1998, Martin Mowforth and Ian Munt, Tourism and Sustainability, →ISBN, page 29 :
      International non-governmental organisations (INGOs), including such household names as Amnesty International, Greenpeace and […] .
  5. Those of a certain name; a race; a family.
    • 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 7, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, OCLC 1069526323:
      The ministers of the republic, mortal enemies of his name, came every day to pay their feigned civilities.
  6. Authority.
    Halt in the name of the law!
  7. (computing) A unique identifier, generally a string of characters.
  8. (UK, finance) An investor in Lloyds of London bearing unlimited liability.
Hyponyms
  • big name
  • binomial name
  • birth name
  • botanical name
  • byname
  • Christian name
  • code name
  • codename
  • common name
  • confirmation name
  • deadname
  • domain name
  • facet name
  • family name
  • filename
  • file name
  • first name
  • forename
  • given name
  • household name
  • last name
  • maiden name
  • middle name
  • nickname
  • pen name
  • personal name
  • prename
  • scientific name
  • stage name
  • surname
  • systematic name
  • to-name
  • trade name
  • true name
  • username
  • zoological name
Derived terms
Derived terms of name that are not hyponyms
  • a God's name
  • a' God's name
  • ancestral name
  • art name
  • assumed name
  • bad name
  • baptismal name
  • big-name
  • binary name
  • binominal name
  • boy's name
  • brand-name
  • brand name
  • by-name
  • by name
  • by the name of
  • call-by-name
  • calling name
  • call out of one's name
  • call outta one's name
  • clear someone's name
  • coined name
  • courtesy name
  • cover name
  • danger is one's middle name
  • dead name
  • dead-name
  • death-name
  • domain name server
  • domain name service
  • era name
  • folk name
  • font name
  • friendly name
  • front name
  • full name
  • generic name
  • genus name
  • girl's name
  • give a bad name
  • go by the name of
  • golden falcon name
  • Golden Horus name
  • gold name
  • good name
  • government name
  • grex name
  • have one's name in the Gazette
  • have one's name on
  • have one's name taken
  • have one's name written all over
  • Horus name
  • Horus of Gold name
  • ill name
  • impure name
  • in God's name
  • in heaven's name
  • in name
  • international nonproprietary name
  • in the name of
  • in the name of all that is holy
  • in the name of heaven
  • is my middle name
  • it doesn't matter what they say about you as long as they spell your name right
  • IUPAC name
  • Latin name
  • lead name
  • legal name
  • letters after one's name
  • little name
  • long file name
  • make a name for oneself
  • maker's name
  • man with no name
  • married name
  • my name is
  • name-based type system
  • name-bearing type
  • name binding
  • name brand
  • name-calling
  • name card
  • name change
  • name day
  • name drop
  • name-drop
  • name-dropper
  • name dropper
  • name dropping
  • name-dropping
  • name for
  • name is mud
  • name names
  • name of the game
  • name one's poison
  • nameplate
  • name reaction
  • namesake
  • name-sake
  • name server
  • name sign
  • namespace
  • name the day
  • name to conjure with
  • name vase
  • nameword
  • NATO reporting name
  • Nebty name
  • new name
  • new-name
  • no-name
  • occupational name
  • on a first-name basis
  • one's name is mud
  • on first-name terms
  • pen-name
  • pet name
  • phonetic name
  • phrase name
  • place-name
  • place name
  • porn star name
  • posthumous name
  • praise name
  • preoccupied name
  • pure name
  • purser's name
  • put a name to
  • put one's name in the hat
  • radicofunctional name
  • regnal name
  • ring name
  • run one's name
  • screen name
  • second name
  • self name
  • self-name
  • serekh name
  • Seth name
  • short file name
  • sign name
  • slave name
  • smush name
  • species name
  • specific name
  • street name
  • subspecific name
  • Sunday name
  • systematic element name
  • take someone's name in vain
  • tee-name
  • temple name
  • ternary name
  • throne name
  • throw one's name in the hat
  • to name a few
  • to one's name
  • toss one's name in the hat
  • trivial name
  • Two Ladies name
  • two-name paper
  • user name
  • virtue name
  • wallet name
  • what is her name
  • what is his name
  • what is your name
  • what's-his-name
  • what's in a name
  • what's-its-name
  • what's your name
  • why in God's name
  • word name
  • your good name
  • alias
  • anonymous
  • cognomen
  • namely
  • nom de guerre
  • nom de plume
  • nominal
  • pseudonym
Descendants
  • → Sranan Tongo: nen
  • → Japanese: ネーム
Translations
reputation — See also translations at reputation
those of a certain name; a race; a family — See also translations at race,‎ family
authority — See also translations at authority

See also

  • appellation

References

  • name on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

From Middle English namen, from Old English namian (“to name, mention”) and ġenamian (“to name, call, appoint”), from Proto-West Germanic *namōn (“to name”). Compare also Old English nemnan, nemnian (“to name, give a name to a person or thing”).

Verb

name (third-person singular simple present names, present participle naming, simple past and past participle named)

  1. (ditransitive) To give a name to.
    • 1904, Baum, L. Frank, The Land of Oz:
      I will name the fellow 'Jack Pumpkinhead!'
    • 1913, Lincoln, Joseph C., chapter 1, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:
      A chap named Eleazir Kendrick and I had chummed in together the summer afore and built a fish-weir and shanty at Setuckit Point, down Orham way. For a spell we done pretty well.
    One visitor named Hou Yugang said he was not too concerned about climate change and Baishui’s melting.
    Audio (US)(file)
  2. (transitive) To mention, specify.
    He named his demands.
    You name it!
    You have to pot the ball in the pocket you've named.
    • 2019 February 3, “UN Study: China, US, Japan Lead World AI Development”, in Voice of America‎, archived from the original on 7 February 2019:
      The three countries were named in a new study from the UN’s World Intellectual Property Organization, or WIPO.
      Audio (US)(file)
  3. (transitive) To identify as relevant or important
    naming the problem
  4. (transitive) To publicly implicate by name.
    The painter was named as an accomplice.
  5. (transitive, of a person) To disclose the name of.
    Police are not naming the suspect as he is a minor.
  6. (transitive) To designate for a role.
    My neighbor was named to the steering committee.
  7. (transitive, Westminster system politics) To initiate a process to temporarily remove a member of parliament who is breaking the rules of conduct.
    • 2013 July 10, Bercow, John (Speaker of the House of Commons), (Please provide the book title or journal name), to MP Nigel Dodds:
      I must warn the Right Honourable gentleman, that if he persists in his refusal to comply with my order to withdraw [the words "deliberately deceptive"], I shall be compelled to name him.
Synonyms
  • (give a name to): bename, designate, dub; see also Thesaurus:denominate
  • (specify): nominate; see also Thesaurus:specify
Derived terms
Terms derived from name (verb)
  • bename
  • codename
  • misname
  • name after
  • name and shame
  • name names
  • rename
  • unname
  • you name it
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

  • christen
  • epithet
  • moniker
  • sobriquet

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Spanish ñame, substituting n for the unfamiliar Spanish letter ñ. Doublet of yam.

Alternative forms

  • ñame

Noun

name (plural names)

  1. Any of several types of true yam (Dioscorea) used in Caribbean Spanish cooking.
Synonyms
  • cush-cush
  • greater yam
Translations

Anagrams

  • -mane, -nema, Amen, Eman, Enma, MEAN, MENA, Mena, NEMA, NMEA, amen, mane, mean, mnae, neam

Afrikaans

Noun

name

  1. plural of naam

Central Malay

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit नामन् (nāman). Cognate with English name.

Noun

name

  1. name

References

  • "Besemah" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Cimbrian

Etymology

From Middle High German name, from Old High German namo.

Noun

name ?

  1. (Tredici Comuni) name

References

  • Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • Audio(file)

Verb

name

  1. (archaic) singular past subjunctive of nemen

Noun

name

  1. (archaic) Dative singular form of naam

Anagrams

  • amen, mane

Eastern Arrernte

Noun

name

  1. grass

References

  • 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Japanese

Romanization

name

  1. Rōmaji transcription of なめ

Lithuanian

Noun

name m

  1. locative singular of namas
  2. vocative singular of namas

Middle Dutch

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch namo.

Noun

nāme m or f

  1. name
  2. fame, reputation
Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms
  • nāmen
Descendants
  • Dutch: naam
  • Limburgish: naam, naom

Etymology 2

From Old Dutch *nāma, from Proto-Germanic *nēmō.

Noun

nâme f

  1. taking
  2. receiving
Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

  • nēmen
Descendants
  • Dutch: name (mostly in compounds)

Further reading

  • “name”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “name (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
  • Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “name (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II

Middle English

Alternative forms

  • nome

Etymology

From Old English nama, from Proto-West Germanic *namō, from Proto-Germanic *namô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈnaːm(ə)/

Noun

name (plural names or namen)

  1. name
  • surname

Descendants

  • English: name
    • → Sranan Tongo: nen
    • → Japanese: ネーム
  • Scots: name, naim, nem, nome
  • Yola: naame, naume, name

References

  • “nāme, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian نامه‎ (nâme).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /nɑːˈmɛ/

Noun

name f

  1. letter (a document)

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms
  • 𑀦𑀫𑁂 (Brahmi script)
  • नमे (Devanagari script)
  • নমে (Bengali script)
  • නමෙ (Sinhalese script)
  • နမေ or ၼမေ (Burmese script)
  • นเม or นะเม (Thai script)
  • ᨶᨾᩮ (Tai Tham script)
  • ນເມ or ນະເມ (Lao script)
  • នមេ (Khmer script)
  • 𑄚𑄟𑄬 (Chakma script)

Verb

name

  1. singular optative active of namati (“to bend”)

Volapük

Noun

name

  1. dative singular of nam

Yola

Noun

name

  1. Alternative form of naame
    • 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, line 7:
      wi vengem o' core t'gie oure zense o' ye gradès whilke be ee-dighte wi yer name;
      to pour forth from the strength of our hearts, our sense of the qualities which characterise your name,

References

  • Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 114

Zazaki

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *Hnā́ma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnā́ma, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /nɔːme/

Noun

name (nam) ?

  1. name
  2. reputation
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