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单词 nail
释义

nail

See also: Nail and n-ail

English

Pronunciation

  • enPR: nāl, IPA(key): /neɪl/, [neɪ̯ɫ]
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -eɪl

Etymology 1

From Middle English nail, nayl, Old English næġl, from Proto-West Germanic *nagl, from Proto-Germanic *naglaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nogʰ- (“nail”).

Cognates
Compare Saterland Frisian Nail (“nail”), West Frisian neil, Low German Nagel, Dutch nagel, German Nagel, Danish negl, Swedish nagel), (compare Irish ionga, Latin unguis, Albanian nyell (“ankle, hard part of a limb”), Lithuanian nagas, Russian нога́ (nogá, “foot, leg”), но́готь (nógotʹ, “nail”), Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux), Persian ناخن‎ (nâxon), Sanskrit नख (nakhá).

Noun

The nail (sense 1) of a thumb
A metal nail (fastener; sense 5)

nail (plural nails)

  1. The thin, horny plate at the ends of fingers and toes on humans and some other animals.
    When I'm nervous I bite my nails.
  2. The basal thickened portion of the anterior wings of certain hemiptera.
  3. The terminal horny plate on the beak of ducks, and other allied birds.
  4. The claw of a bird or other animal.
  5. A spike-shaped metal fastener used for joining wood or similar materials. The nail is generally driven through two or more layers of material by means of impacts from a hammer or other device. It is then held in place by friction.
    • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], OCLC 752825175:
      Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.
  6. A round pedestal on which merchants once carried out their business, such as the four nails outside The Exchange, Bristol.
  7. An archaic English unit of length equivalent to 1⁄20 of an ell or 1⁄16 of a yard (2+1⁄4 inches or 5.715 cm).
Derived terms
  • common nail
  • cut nail
  • door nail, doornail
  • duplex nail
  • eightpenny nail
  • final nail in the coffin
  • fingernail
  • fourpenny nail
  • frost-nail
  • garden nail
  • hangnail
  • hard as nails
  • hit the nail on the head
  • horsenail
  • last nail in the coffin
  • lath nail
  • nail ball
  • nail bar
  • nail bat
  • nail bed, nailbed
  • nail-biter
  • nail-biting, nailbiting (adjective)
  • nail biting, nailbiting (noun)
  • nail bomb
  • nailbrush
  • nailcare
  • nail clipper
  • nail cutter
  • nail file, nail-file, nailfile
  • nail fungus
  • nail house
  • nail knot
  • nail plate
  • nail polish
  • nail punch
  • nail rod
  • nail scissors
  • nail set
  • nail sick
  • nail sickness
  • nail technician
  • nail trimmer
  • nail varnish
  • nail violin
  • on the nail
  • rother nail
  • rusty nail
  • sixpenny nail
  • sixteenpenny nail
  • soil nail
  • spit nails
  • straw nail
  • tenpenny nail
  • toenail
  • tooth and nail, tooth-and-nail
  • twelvepenny nail
Translations

See also

  • claw
  • talon

Etymology 2

From Middle English naylen, from Old English næġlan.

Verb

nail (third-person singular simple present nails, present participle nailing, simple past and past participle nailed)

  1. (transitive) To fix (an object) to another object using a nail.
    Coordinate terms: pin, rivet, screw; see also Thesaurus:join
    He nailed the placard to the post.
  2. (intransitive) To drive a nail.
    Synonym: hammer
    He used the ax head for nailing.
  3. (transitive) To stud or boss with nails, or as if with nails.
    • 1700, [John] Dryden, “The Flower and the Leaf: Or, The Lady in the Arbour. A Vision.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 228732415:
      The rivets of their arms were nail'd with gold.
  4. (slang) To catch.
    Synonyms: arrest, collar, nick; see also Thesaurus:capture
    • 1765, “A Song in High Life”, in The Merry Medley, volume 1, London: W. Hoggard, page 35:
      I pray you now send me some dub, / A bottle or two to the needy. / I beg you won't bring it yourself, / The harman is at the Old-Bailey; / I'd rather you'd send it behalf, / For, if they twig you they'll nail you.
    • 1993, Peter M. Lenkov; Robert Reneau; Daniel Waters, Demolition Man, spoken by Captain Healy (Steve Kahan):
      Dammit, John, I'm tired of this 'Demolition Man' stuff! […] Now, I know you've been trying to nail this psycho for two years, but try remembering a little thing called official police procedure.
    • 2005, Brown, Lesley, transl., Sophist, 261a, translation of original by Plato:
      we'll nail the sophist to it, if we can get him on that charge;
  5. (transitive, slang) To expose as a sham.
  6. (transitive, slang) To accomplish (a task) completely and successfully.
    Synonyms: ace, fullbring, fulfill
    I really nailed that test.
  7. (transitive, slang) To hit (a target) effectively with some weapon.
    • 2011 October 1, Tom Fordyce, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 16-12 Scotland”, in BBC Sport‎:
      Fly-half Ruaridh Jackson departed early with injury but Chris Paterson nailed a penalty from wide out left to give Scotland an early lead, and Jackson's replacement Dan Parks added three more points with a penalty which skimmed over the crossbar.
  8. (transitive, vulgar, slang) Of a male, to engage in sexual intercourse with.
    Synonyms: dick, pound, rail, screw; see also Thesaurus:copulate with
    • 1985, John Hughes, The Breakfast Club:
      Allison Reynolds: I'm a nymphomaniac. […] The only person I told was my shrink. / Andrew Clark: And what did he do when you told him? / Allison Reynolds: He nailed me.
    • 1999, Neil Goldman and Garrett Donovan, “Da Boom”, in Family Guy, season 2, episode 3, spoken by Brian Griffin (Seth MacFarlane):
      There’s a benefit gala at the Boston Pops tonight, and... well, I’m trying to nail the flautist.
  9. (military) To spike, as a cannon.
    • 1598, Robert Barret, he Theorike and Practike of Modern Warres:
      That the Ordinance be not nayled, nor the munition fiered.
  10. (transitive) To nail down: to make certain, or confirm.
    Synonyms: clinch, fix, lock down, pin down
Translations

See also

  • Wikipedia disambiguation page on both meanings of nail
  • Wikipedia disambiguation page on spike
  • Nail in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

Anagrams

  • I-lan, INLA, Ilan, LNAI, Lain, Lani, Lian, Lina, Nila, anil, lain

Bouyei

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /nɐi˨˦/

Noun

nail

  1. grandmother

Noun

nail

  1. snow
  2. ice

Middle English

Noun

nail

  1. Alternative form of nayl

Vietnamese

Etymology

English nail.

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [new˧˧]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [new˧˧]
  • (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [new˧˧]
  • Phonetic: nêu
  • Homophone: nêu

Noun

nail

  1. nailcare
    làm nail ― perform nailcare
    nghề nail ― nailcare as a profession
    • 2022, T.TH, “Kình ngư Nguyễn Hữu Kim Sơn chọn ĐH Duy Tân làm bến đỗ”, in Tuổi trẻ online‎:
      Hiện tại ba em đang quản lý một nhà hàng cùng một tiệm nail khá lớn ở Mỹ, do chính ba mở ra.
      My father currently manages a restaurant and a rather large nail salon in America, which he opened himself.

Welsh

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /nai̯l/

Noun

nail

  1. Nasal mutation of dail.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
dailddailnailunchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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