nagraa
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *nakradak. Cognates include Finnish nauraa and Estonian naerda.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈnɑɡrɑː/, [ˈnɑɡrɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈnɑɡrɑː/, [ˈnɑɡ̊rɑː]
- Rhymes: -ɑɡrɑː
- Hyphenation: nag‧raa
Verb
nagraa
- (intransitive) to laugh
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 8:
- Ljoșa sen kuuli, noisi nagramaa i sannoo Borjalle:
- Ljoša heard this, he began to laugh and says to Borja:
-
- (transitive + partitive) to laugh at
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 11:
- Istuut soojis (lämmiis) hooneis ja nagraat talvia.
- They're sitting in warm (warm) rooms and are laughing at the winter.
-
Conjugation
| Conjugation of nagraa (type 4/antaa, no gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | nagran | en nagra | 1st singular | oon nagrant, oon nagranut | en oo nagrant, en oo nagranut |
| 2nd singular | nagrat | et nagra | 2nd singular | oot nagrant, oot nagranut | et oo nagrant, et oo nagranut |
| 3rd singular | nagraa | ei nagra | 3rd singular | ono nagrant, ono nagranut | ei oo nagrant, ei oo nagranut |
| 1st plural | nagramma | emmä nagra | 1st plural | oomma nagranneet | emmä oo nagranneet |
| 2nd plural | nagratta | että nagra | 2nd plural | ootta nagranneet | että oo nagranneet |
| 3rd plural | nagraat1), nagravat2), nagretaa | evät nagra | 3rd plural | ovat nagranneet | evät oo nagranneet |
| impersonal | nagretaa | ei nagreta | impersonal | ono nagrettu | ei oo nagrettu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | nagroin | en nagrant, en nagranut | 1st singular | olin nagrant, olin nagranut | en olt nagrant, en olt nagranut |
| 2nd singular | nagroit | et nagrant, et nagranut | 2nd singular | olit nagrant, olit nagranut | et olt nagrant, et olt nagranut |
| 3rd singular | nagroi | ei nagrant, ei nagranut | 3rd singular | oli nagrant, oli nagranut | ei olt nagrant, ei olt nagranut |
| 1st plural | nagroimma | emmä nagranneet | 1st plural | olimma nagranneet | emmä olleet nagranneet |
| 2nd plural | nagroitta | että nagranneet | 2nd plural | olitta nagranneet | että olleet nagranneet |
| 3rd plural | nagroit1), nagroivat2), nagrettii | evät nagranneet | 3rd plural | olivat nagranneet | evät olleet nagranneet |
| impersonal | nagrettii | ei nagrettu | impersonal | oli nagrettu | ei olt nagrettu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | nagraisin | en nagrais | 1st singular | olisin nagrant, olisin nagranut | en olis nagrant, en olis nagranut |
| 2nd singular | nagraisit, nagraist1) | et nagrais | 2nd singular | olisit nagrant, olisit nagranut | et olis nagrant, et olis nagranut |
| 3rd singular | nagrais | ei nagrais | 3rd singular | olis nagrant, olis nagranut | ei olis nagrant, ei olis nagranut |
| 1st plural | nagraisimma | emmä nagrais | 1st plural | olisimma nagranneet | emmä olis nagranneet |
| 2nd plural | nagraisitta | että nagrais | 2nd plural | olisitta nagranneet | että olis nagranneet |
| 3rd plural | nagraisiit1), nagraisivat2), nagrettais | evät nagrais | 3rd plural | olisivat nagranneet | evät olis nagranneet |
| impersonal | nagrettais | ei nagrettais | impersonal | olis nagrettu | ei olis nagrettu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | nagra | elä nagra | 2nd singular | oo nagrant, oo nagranut | elä oo nagrant, elä oo nagranut |
| 3rd singular | nagrakoo | elköö nagrako | 3rd singular | olkoo nagrant, olkoo nagranut | elköö olko nagrant, elköö olko nagranut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | nagrakaa | elkää nagrako | 2nd plural | olkaa nagranneet | elkää olko nagranneet |
| 3rd plural | nagrakoot | elkööt nagrako | 3rd plural | olkoot nagranneet | elkööt olko nagranneet |
| impersonal | nagrettakkoo | elköö nagrettako | impersonal | olkoo nagrettu | elköö olko nagrettu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | nagranen | en nagrane | |||
| 2nd singular | nagranet | et nagrane | |||
| 3rd singular | nagranoo | ei nagrane | |||
| 1st plural | nagranemma | emmä nagrane | |||
| 2nd plural | nagranetta | että nagrane | |||
| 3rd plural | nagranoot | evät nagrane | |||
| impersonal | nagrettannoo | ei nagrettane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | nagraa | present | nagrava | nagrettava | |
| 2nd | inessive | nagrajees | past | nagrant, nagranut | nagrettu |
| instructive | nagraen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (nagrakaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative, or -kse to the potential. ***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | nagramaa | |||
| inessive | nagramaas | ||||
| elative | nagramast | ||||
| abessive | nagramata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | nagramiin | |||
| partitive | nagramista, nagramist | ||||
Synonyms
- (to laugh): hirnua; hohottaa, hehettää (“to guffaw”)
Derived terms
- nagro
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 332