na

See also: Appendix:Variations of "na"

Translingual

Symbol

na

(international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Nauruan.

English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nɑː/
Rhymes: -ɑː

Etymology 1

From Middle English na, from Old English nā, from Old English ne (“not”) + ā (“ever”). More at no.

Adverb

na (not comparable)

(obsolete) Not.
(obsolete) No.

Etymology 2

Development of Etymology 1, above; compare nah.

Interjection

na

(Tyneside or Scotland) No.
"Na, yor wrang."
"Na, ye cannet watch telly."
"Divn’t yee like milk?" "Na."

References

Frank Graham (1987) The New Geordie Dictionary, →ISBN
A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Bill Griffiths, 2005, Northumbria University Press, →ISBN

Etymology 3

Abbreviations.

Noun

na

(linguistics) Abbreviation of noun animate.

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Tagalog na.

Adverb

na (not comparable)

(Philippines, slang) Now; already.
You need to sleep na.

Etymology 5

Borrowed from Hindi ना (nā).

Adverb

na (not comparable)

(North India, slang) isn't it?.
It is far na?.

Anagrams

-an, A/N, AN, An, a(n), an, an', an-

'Are'are

Article

na

the

References

Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)

Acehnese

Verb

na

to be (exist)

Derived terms

nakeuh
hana

Albanian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *nō̆s (“we”).

Pronoun

na

(Gheg) we

Alternative forms

ne, në

Asturian

Etymology

From a contraction of the preposition en (“in”) + feminine singular article la (“the”).

Contraction

na f (masculine nel, neuter no, masculine plural nos, feminine plural nes)

in the

Bambara

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [náà]

Noun

na

stew

Particle

na (tone nà)

auxiliary marker for future tense
sini, i bɛ na taa sugu jɔ
You will go to the market tomorrow

References

2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Bikol Central

Adverb

na

already

Particle

na

connects consonant ending noun or adjective to a noun or adjective that it modifies.

Blagar

Etymology

From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *na. Cognate to Zia na.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nɑ/

Pronoun

na

I

Noun

na

thing

References

H. Steinhauer, "Going" and "Coming" in the Blagar of Dolap (Pura--Alor--Indonesia) (1977)
W. A. L. Stokhof, Preliminary notes on the Alor and Pantar languages (East Indonesia) (1975)
A. Schapper, The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1

Cameroon Pidgin

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/

Predicative

na

copula for nouns and adjectives
- 2019 November 19, Kimzy K-Buoy (lyrics and music), “Flex”‎, 0:57–0:59:
  MUSIC NA THE KEY SO I NODI PLAY
  Music is the key so I am not engaging in play.
a topic marker introducing a clause to lay focus on a subject
- 2019 November 19, Kimzy K-Buoy (lyrics and music), “Flex”‎, 1:39–1:42:
  I go make you number one for ma list because
  Na you be the hardest
  I will make you the number one of my list by reason that, behold, you are the hardest.

Catalan

Etymology

From the final syllable of Latin domina (“Lady”).

Pronunciation

(Central) IPA^(key): /nə/
(Valencian) IPA^(key): /na/

Article

na f sg (elided n', masculine en)

(Eastern Catalan) Personal article used before feminine given names instead of the definite article la.
En Pau i na Maria arribaran demà.
Pau and Maria will be arriving tomorrow.

Usage notes

While this article (and its masculine counterpart en) is standard in Balearic Catalan, in other Eastern Catalan dialects its use is waning, and the elided of the definite article, l', is used before names beginning with vowels. There is no plural personal article, so the plural definite article les is used in all dialects.

Related terms

dona

Cavineña

Noun

na

root of ena

References

Antoine Guillaume, A Grammar of Cavineña (2008, →ISBN

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Pronoun

na

I

Czech

Etymology

From Old Czech na, from Proto-Slavic *na.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈna]
audio (file)

Preposition

na

on, onto (direction, + accusative case)
Dej skleničku na stůl. ― Put the glass on the table.
on (location, + locative case)
Sklenička je na stole. ― The glass is on the table.
to, (direction, + accusative case, used only with certain places (do + genitive is more common))
Jdeme na poštu. ― We're going to the post office.
at, in (location, + locative case, used only with certain places (v is more common))
Jsme na poště. ― We're at the post office.
for (purpose, + accusative case)
Ty nůžky nejsou na hraní. ― The scissors are not for playing with.
at (in the direction of, + accusative case)
Nekřič na mě! ― Don't yell at me!

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin nōn.

Adverb

na

no
not

Related terms

naun
non

Domari

Etymology

From Sanskrit नव (nava).

Numeral

na

(Aleppo, cardinal number) nine

References

Bruno Herin (2012), “The Domari Language of Aleppo (Syria)”, in Linguistic Discovery‎, volume 10, issue 2, DOI:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.412

Drung

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na-ŋ.

Pronoun

na

you (sg.)

References

Ross Perlin (2019) A Grammar of Trung‎, Santa Barbara: University of California

Dutch

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /naː/
audio (file)
Hyphenation: na
Rhymes: -aː

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch na, from Old Dutch *nāh, *nā, from Proto-Germanic *nēhw.

Preposition

na

after
(op ... na, with a cardinal number) bar, except Used to form ordinal numbers in relation to a superlative quality. The number that is used is 1 lower than in the English translation.
Brazilië is met zijn 8,5 miljoen vierkante kilometer het grootste land van Zuid-Amerika en het op vier na grootste ter wereld.
With its 8.5 million square kilometers, Brazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth largest in the world.
Naast dat de toonladder een kenmerkend gegeven is, zijn er ook bepaalde tonen, die een speciale rol hebben, zoals de vadi en de samvadi, respectievelijk: de belangrijkste en de op een na belangrijkste toon.
Next to [the fact] that the musical scale is a characteristic datum, there are also certain tones that have a special role, such as the vadi and the samvadi: respectively the most important and second most important tones.

Inflection

Pronominal adverbs of na

preposition	na
postpositional adv.	na
+ het (it)	erna
+ dit (this)	hierna
+ dat (that)	daarna
+ wat (what)	waarna
+ iets (something)	ergens na
+ niets (nothing)	nergens na
+ alles (everything)	overal na

Derived terms

nabloei
nadien
nageslacht
nakomeling
nalaten
naoorlogs
nastreven
navolging

-verbs:

nabakken
nabauwen
nabellen
nabeschouwen
nabestellen
nabetalen
nabewerken
nablaffen
nablazen
nablijven
nablikken
nabloeden
nabloeien
nablussen
nabootsen
nabouwen
nabranden
nabrengen
nabruisen
nabrullen
nachecken
nadenken
nadoen
nadraaien
nadragen
nadraven
nadreunen
nadruppelen
naduiden
nadweilen
nafietsen
nafladderen
nafluisteren
nafluiten
nagaan
nagalmen
nagapen
nageven
naglijden
naglimmen
nagloeien
nagloren
nagluren
nagonzen
nagooien
nahaken
nahijgen
nahinken
nahollen
nahuilen
najagen
najanken
najoelen
najouwen
najubelen
najuichen
nakaarten
nakaatsen
nakakelen
nakalken
nakauwen
nakeffen
nakijken
naklagen
naklauteren
nakletsen
nakleuren
naklimmen
naklinken
nakloppen
nakluiven
nakomen
nakraaien
nakrijgen
nakrijsen
nakruipen
nakuieren
nakwaken
nalachen
nalaten
naleven
nalezen
nalichten
naliegen
naloeren
nalopen
naluiden
naluisteren
namaken
namalen
nameten
namijmeren
namompelen
naogen
naoogsten
napalen
napassen
napersen
napiepen
napitten
naplegen
napleiten
napluizen
napoetsen
napraten
narennen
narijden
naroepen
naschallen
naschetsen
naschilderen
naschouwen
naschreeuwen
naschrijven
naschuiven
naschuren
naseinen
nasissen
naslaan
naslenteren
naslijpen
nasluipen
nasmeulen
nasmijten
nasnellen
nasnijden
nasnikken
nasnorren
nasnuffelen
naspelen
naspeuren
naspieden
nasporen
naspreken
naspringen
nastamelen
nastappen
nastaren
nastreven
nastrompelen
nastrooien
nasturen
nasudderen
nasuizen
natekenen
natellen
natrekken
navertellen
navoelen
navolgen
navorsen
nawegen
nawerken
nawuiven
nazeggen
nazenden
nazetten
nazitten

Descendants

Negerhollands: na, a
- → Virgin Islands Creole: na

Etymology 2

From Old Dutch *nāh, *nā, from Proto-Germanic *nēhwaz.

Adjective

na (comparative nader, superlative naast)

close

Inflection

The forms of the positive are obsolescent, particularly the inflected one. The comparative and superlative forms are functioning as independent adjectives to an increasing extent.

Inflection of na
uninflected	na
inflected	naë
comparative	nader
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial			nader	het naast het naaste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	naë	nadere	naaste
	n. sing.	na	nader	naaste
	plural	naë	nadere	naaste
definite		naë	nadere	naaste
partitive		na's	naders	—

Derived terms

nabij
te na komen

Preposition

na

(dialectal) Archaic form of naar.

Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl

Pronoun

na

first person; I

Esperanto

Etymology

Presumably from Russian на (na) and Polish na; alternatively, from the accusative suffix -n (possibly a blend with the article la or with the suffix -a).

Pronunciation

- IPA^(key): [na]
- Audio:
  (file)
- Hyphenation: na

Preposition

na

(neologism, rare) Preposition introducing an accusative phrase.
Mi legis na Gerda Malaperis.
I read Gerda Disappeared.

Usage notes

Unofficial; it is recognized by some Esperantists on the Internet, but disapproved of by most high-level speakers. Proponents recommended using it only where the accusative suffix isn't possible: with numerals (unu (“one”)), particles (iom (“some”), kies (“whose”)), letters (J), titles of books, and quotations, etc. More standard options are to use the general preposition je, to omit the accusative ending, or to rephrase the sentence to avoid the issue.

Galician

Etymology 1

From contraction of preposition en (“in”) + feminine article a (“the”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nɐ/

Contraction

na f (masculine no, masculine plural nos, feminine plural nas)

in the

Etymology 2

From a mutation of a.

Pronoun

na f (accusative)

Alternative form of a (“her”)

Usage notes

The n- forms of accusative third-person pronouns are used when the preceding word ends in -u or a diphthong, and are suffixed to the preceding word.

Related terms

a
la
no

German

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na(ː)/
Rhymes: -aː
Homophones: nah, Narr (latter regional)

Etymology 1

Perhaps from an unstressed form of nu.

Interjection

na

well!, so!; used to introduce a statement
Na, dann fangen wir mal an!
So, let’s get started!
oh, hm, huh, och, nu; expressing a (usually mild) degree of surprise, doubt, or frustration
Na, das ist ja nett, dass ihr vorbeikommt!
Oh, that’s nice of you to come by!
Na? Ob das so stimmt...
Huh? Not sure if that’s correct...
Na! Warum will das denn jetzt wieder nicht?
Och! Why does this thing not work yet again?
Na toll! Kein Empfang.
Oh great! No signal.
(regional, chiefly northern and central Germany) huh?; used as a question marker, often implying that the speaker knows the answer
Was ist zwei plus drei? Na?
What’s two plus three? Huh?
(regional, chiefly northern and central Germany) hey!, hi!; used as a greeting, but with an interrogative intonation, as if saying “So? You see me there?”, or “So? How is everything?”
Na! Lang nicht gesehen!
Hey! Long time no see!
Na! Wie geht’s?
Hi! How are you?

Derived terms

na klar
na und
nanu

Etymology 2

A variant of nein.

Interjection

na

(regional, chiefly southern Germany and Austria) Alternative form of nein (“no”)
Na. Das geht net.
No. That doesn’t work.

Anagrams

an

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

From Portuguese na. Cognate with Kabuverdianu na.

Preposition

na

at
in
on

Hawaiian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Preposition

na

for, belonging to, by

Usage notes

Used for acquired possessions, while no is used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars).

Hungarian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈnɒ]
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -nɒ

Interjection

na

well, so, hey
Na, nem baj. ― Well, no problem.
Itt van Péter. – Na és? ― “Peter is here.” “So what?”
Na, gyerünk! ― Alright, let's go!
Na, ne mondj ilyet! ― Hey, don't say that!
Na, ez fáj! ― Hey, that hurts!

Derived terms

(Compound words):
- nahát
- nana
- naná

Ingrian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian на (na).

Pronunciation

(Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈnɑ/, [ˈnɑ]

(Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈnɑ/, [ˈnɑ]

Rhymes: -ɑ

Hyphenation: na

Interjection

na

here! there you go! (said when handing something over)

References

Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 331

Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nˠə/

Article

na (definite article)

genitive singular feminine of an (triggers h-prothesis)
na háite ― of the place
nominative/dative plural of an (triggers h-prothesis)
na héin ― the birds
ó na cailíní ― from the girls
genitive plural of an (triggers eclipsis)
na bpáistí ― of the children

Contraction

na

Nonstandard form of ina
- 1906, E. C. Quiggin, “Áindrías an Ime”, in A Dialect of Donegal: Being the Speech of Meenawannia in the Parish of Glenties, page 196:
  Bhí Áindrías an Ime na chomhnaidhe i mBaile ui Mún i nGleann an Bhaile Dhuibh.
  Áindrías of the Butter lived in Ballymoon in Gleann an Bhaile Dhuibh.

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
na	not applicable	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Japanese

Romanization

na

Rōmaji transcription of な
Rōmaji transcription of ナ

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese na.

Preposition

na

at
in
on

Karaim

Alternative forms

на (Cyrillic)

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na.

Interjection

na

here you are! take it!

Kasem

Noun

na

water

References

SIL Burkina Faso, Dictionnaire bilingue kassem - français, 2007

Kikuyu

Particle

na

(instrumental) with[1]
Gũtema na kanua ti gũtema na rũhiũ.
To cut with a mouth is not to cut with a knife.
(comitative) and, with[1]
Ikinya na thĩ itiaganaga.
The foot and the earth cannot help meeting.
(source) from[1]
Wega uumaga na mũciĩ.
Goodness comes from home.
Synonym: kuuma
but[1]
Kanua njero, na mũciĩ ndũkomeka nĩ heho.
The mouth is sweet, but the house is too cold to lie at.

References

“na” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 277. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Kilivila

Noun

na

(in compounds) woman

References

Gunter Senft (1986), Kilivila: the Language of the Trobriand Islanders. Berlin • New York • Amsterdam: Mouton de Gruyter, p. 372, 591. →ISBN

Ladin

Article

na f

an, a

Synonyms

n'

Ladino

Interjection

na (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling נה‎)

here! behold!

Lakota

Conjunction

na

and

Latin

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /naː/, [näː]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /na/, [näː]

Verb

nā

imperative singular of nō, swim!

References

na in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Lingala

Etymology

Of native Bobangi origin (compare Swahili na), but its functional broadening to "in, at" may be under the influence of West African languages; compare Igbo na, Krio na.

Preposition

na

with, and
in, at
of (form of ya before personal pronouns)

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/

Preposition

na

(with locative) on, in
(with accusative) on, onto

Luganda

Conjunction

na

and (only used if the overall statement is grammatically negative)

References

The Essentials of Luganda, J. D. Chesswas, 4th edition. Oxford University Press: Nairobi. 1967, p. 94.

Mandarin

Pronunciation

audio (file)

Romanization

na (na⁵ / na⁰, Zhuyin ˙ㄋㄚ)

Hanyu Pinyin reading of 吶／呐, 呐.
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 哪.

na

Nonstandard spelling of nā.
Nonstandard spelling of ná.
Nonstandard spelling of nǎ.
Nonstandard spelling of nà.

Usage notes

English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Middle Dutch

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /naː/

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch nāh, from Proto-Germanic *nēhw.

Preposition

na

towards
behind
after, following, later than
in accordance with, based on

Adverb

na

afterwards, later
close, near

Descendants

Dutch: na
Limburgish: nao

Etymology 2

From Old Dutch *nāh, from Proto-Germanic *nēhwaz.

Adjective

nâ

close

Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Neapolitan

Feminine form of nu, from Latin ūnus.

Alternative forms

n' (before words starting with a vowel)

Etymology

From Latin ūna.

Article

na f sg

a, an

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *ná, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ná, from Proto-Indo-European *ne. Related to ne.

Pronunciation

Rhymes: -ɑː

Interjection

na

no

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.

Verb

-na

to rain

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Northern Sami

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

(Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈna/

Adverb

na

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Northern Sotho

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.

Verb

na

to rain

Norwegian

Etymology

From Old Norse hana, the accusative form of hon (“she”). Confer with Swedish na. The correct term in Norwegian Bokmål would be henne, and either ho or henne in Norwegian Nynorsk.

Pronoun

na

(dialectal, colloquial) her; object form of ho

Usage notes

It is almost without exceptions used as a clitic, and is always unstressed.

Ojibwe

Particle

na

Question marker for yes/no questions. It is always placed after the first word in the sentence. If the first word ends in a vowel, use the particle na; if it ends in a consonant, use ina.
- Giminikwe na? — Are you drinking?
- Gigii-anokii na bijiinaago? — Did you work yesterday?
- but: Giwiisin ina? — Are you eating?

Synonyms

ina

Old Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na.

Preposition

na

on, onto (direction, + accusative case)
I přivedli oslici a oslátko s ní, i položichu na ně rúcha svá. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
on (location, + locative case)
for (purpose, + accusative case)
at (in the direction of, + accusative case)

Descendants

Czech: na

Old English

Alternative forms

nō

Etymology

Originally meaning "never." From a contraction of ne (“not”) and ā (“ever”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nɑː/

Adverb

nā

not, no
Nis þæt nā rēad, ac is grēne.
That's not red, it's green.
Þæt iċ cwæþ for þon āne þe iċ nā bet nysse.
I only said that because I didn't know any better (literally "no better").
- Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Version B, year 897
  Þȳ ilcan sumora forwearþ nā lǣs þonne twēntiġ sċipa be þǣm sūðriman.
  That same summer, no less than twenty ships perished on the south coast.
- c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 22:17
  Is hit ālīefed þæt man Cāsere gafol selle, þe nā?
  Is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar, or not?
- c. 992, Ælfric, "The Fifth Sunday in Lent"
  Dryhten nis nā ōðrum mannum tō wiþmetenne.
  The Lord is not comparable to other people.
(poetic) never

Conjunction

nā

not
- c. 992, Ælfric, "Midlent"
  Māre wundor is þæt God Ælmihtiġ ǣlce dæġe fētt ealne middanġeard þonne þæt wundor wǣre þæt hē þā ġefylde fīf þūsende manna mid fīf hlāfum—ac þæs wundrodon menn nā for þȳ þæt hit māre wundor wǣre, ac for þȳ þæt hit wæs unġewunelīċ.
  It's more of a miracle that God Almighty feeds the whole world every day than that he fed five thousand people with five loaves of bread—but that amazed people not because it was more miraculous, but because it was unusual.

Synonyms

(conjunction): næs

Derived terms

nā þæt

Descendants

English: no
Scots: nae, naw

Old Frisian

Etymology 1

Blend of ne (“not”) +‎ ā (“ever”). Akin to Old English nā.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈnaː/

Adverb

nā

never

Descendants

West Frisian: nea

Particle

nā

no

Descendants

Saterland Frisian: noa

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈnaː/

Preposition

nā (+ dative)

Alternative form of nēi

References

Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Old Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /n͈a/

Article

na (triggers /h/-prothesis in the feminine genitive singular, in the feminine and neuter nominative plural, and in the accusative plural; triggers eclipsis in the genitive plural)

Aphetic form of inna (“the (various inflected forms)”)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /n͈a/

Determiner

na (‘his’ and ‘its’ trigger lenition, ‘her’ triggers /h/-prothesis, ‘their’ triggers eclipsis)

Aphetic form of inna (“in his/her/its/their”)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /n͈a/

Determiner

na

neuter nominative/accusative singular of nach (“any”)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /n͈aː/

Particle

na

Alternative spelling of ná (“don’t”)

Pali

Alternative forms

𑀦 (Brahmi script)
न (Devanagari script)
ন (Bengali script)
න (Sinhalese script)
န or ၼ (Burmese script)
น or นะ (Thai script)
ᨶ (Tai Tham script)
ນ or ນະ (Lao script)
ន (Khmer script)
𑄚 (Chakma script)

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sanskrit न (na).

Particle

na

no, not

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adjective

na

(demonstrative) that

Declension

Declension table of "na" (masculine)

Case \\ Number	Singular	Plural
Accusative (second)	naṃ	ne
Dative (fourth)	nassa	nesaṃ
Genitive (sixth)	nassa	nesaṃ

Declension table of "nā" (feminine)

Case \\ Number	Singular
Accusative (second)	naṃ

Declension table of "na" (neuter)

Case \\ Number	Singular
Accusative (second)	naṃ
Dative (fourth)	nassa
Genitive (sixth)	nassa

Synonyms

ta

Derived terms

ena (“this”)
nā (“her”)

Pronoun

na m or n

(demonstrative) that
him, it
(in the plural) them
- 2006, The Fifth Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Majjhimanikāya (II)‎, page 558:
  පුන ච පරං භන‍්තෙ, ඉමෙ ඉසිදත‍්තපුරාණා ථපතයො මමභත‍්තා
  මමයානා අහං නෙසං ජීවිතස‍්ස පදාතා යසස‍්ස ආහත‍්තා අථ ච පන
  නො තථා මයි නිපච‍්චාකාරං කරොන‍්ති යථා භගවති.
  Puna ca paraṃ bhante, ime isidattapurāṇā thapatayo mamabhattā
  mamayānā ahaṃ nesaṃ jīvitassa padātā yasassa āhattā atha ca pana
  no tathā mayi nipaccākāraṃ karonti yathā bhagavati.
  Furthermore, sir, these chamberlains Isidatta and Purāṇa share my meals and my carriages. I give them a livelihood and bring them renown. And yet they don’t show me the same level of devotion that they show to the Buddha.

Usage notes

Note that this is not used to reference, explicitly or implicitly, a neuter noun in the plural.

Declension

Declension table of "na" (masculine)

Case \\ Number	Singular	Plural
Accusative (second)	naṃ	ne
Dative (fourth)	nassa	nesaṃ
Genitive (sixth)	nassa	nesaṃ

Declension table of "na" (neuter)

Case \\ Number	Singular
Accusative (second)	naṃ
Dative (fourth)	nassa
Genitive (sixth)	nassa

Synonyms

ta

References

Pali Text Society (1921-1925), “na”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

Papiamentu

Etymology 1

From Portuguese na and Kabuverdianu na.

Preposition

na

at
in
inside
on

Etymology 2

From Dutch naar.

Preposition

na

to
towards

Phalura

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit न (na, “not”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/

Particle

na (negating, Perso-Arabic spelling نہ)

not
don't

References

Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎, Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “na”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/

Interjection

na (Perso-Arabic spelling نہ)

no!

References

Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎, Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.

Verb

-na

to rain

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: na
Homophone: -na

Preposition

na

(+ locative) on
Siedzę na koniu. ― I'm on a horse.
(+ locative) in, at
Mieszkam na wsi. ― I live in the countryside.
(+ accusative) onto, on
Uważaj, zaraz to na mnie spadnie! ― Watch out, it's going to fall on me!
(+ accusative) to
Muszę iść na pocztę. ― I have to go to the post office.
(+ accusative) for, by (a time, date etc.)
Sprawozdanie ma być gotowe na piątą. ― The report should be ready by five o'clock.
(+ accusative) for, to deal with
lek na grypę ― flu medication
na zdrowie ― for [your] health; cheers; bless you.
(+ accusative) per
pięć metrów na sekundę ― five meters per second
(+ accusative or adverb) in a particular manner
pasażer na gapę ― stowaway
deser na kwaśno ― sour dessert
(+ accusative, mathematics) onto (surjective)

Adjective

na (not comparable)

(mathematics) onto; surjective

Usage notes

When used as an adjective, this word is indeclinable, postpositive (when used attributively), and usually placed inside quotation marks, e.g. funkcja „na”.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /na/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /nɐ/

Hyphenation: na

Etymology 1

From Old Portuguese na, clipping of ena, from en (“in”) + a (“the”).

Contraction

na f sg

Contraction of em a (“in the”): feminine singular of no
- 2005, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 184:
  Eu estava na esperança de encontrá-lo antes do jantar!
  I was hoping to meet you before dinner!

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:no.

Preposition

na

at
in

Pronoun

na

Alternative form of a (third-person feminine singular objective pronoun) used as an enclitic following a verb form ending in a nasal vowel or diphthong

Usage notes

This form is not found in Brazilian speech.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:no.

Riantana

Etymology

From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *na. Cognate to Blagar na.

Pronoun

na

I

Romani

Etymology

From Sanskrit न (na, “no”).

Adverb

na

not

Interjection

na

right?; tag question

Particle

na

no

References

Dieter W. Halwachs (accessed September 19, 2021), “Morphology”, in Romani Projekt Graz‎
Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “na”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, OCLC 1267332830, page 152

Romanian

Etymology

Cognate to Bulgarian на (na), from Proto-Slavic *na.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/
Rhymes: -a

Interjection

na

here you are! take it!

Samoan

Pronoun

na

he / she

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (stressed) /na/, (unstressed) /nə/

Etymology 1

Univerbation of an (“in”) +‎ a (“his/her”).

Preposition

na (+ dative)

(triggers lenition) in his; in its
(triggers H-prothesis) in her; in its

Inflection

Possessive declension of an

	Singular	Plural
First person	nam^L	nar^N
Second person	nad^L	nur^N
Third person m	na^L	nan^N, nam^{N 1)}
Third person f	na^H	nan^N, nam^{N 1)}
^L Triggers lenition; ^H Triggers H-prothesis; ^N Triggers eclipsis; ¹⁾ Used before b-, f-, m- or p-

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Article

na (triggers H-prothesis)

inflection of an (“the”):
1. genitive singular feminine
2. nominative or dative plural

Declension

Variation of na (definite article)
	Masculine			Feminine			Plural
	nom.	dat.	gen.	nom.	dat.	gen.	nom.	dat.	gen.
+ f-	am	an^L		an^L		na	na		nam
+ m-, p- or b-	am	a'^L		a'^L		na	na		nam
+ c- or g-	an	a'^L		a'^L		na	na		nan
+ sV-, sl-, sn- or sr-	an	an^T		an^T		na	na		nan
+ other consonant	an	an		an		na	na		nan
+ vowel	an^T	an		an		na^H	na^H		nan
^L Triggers lenition; ^H Triggers H-prothesis; ^T Triggers T-prothesis

Etymology 3

From Old Irish a (“that which”).

Pronoun

na

all that, that which, whatever

Etymology 4

From Old Irish nó, nú.

Conjunction

na

Alternative form of no

Etymology 5

From Old Irish indás (“than (it) is”).

Conjunction

na

than

Etymology 6

Univerbation of an (interrogative particle) +‎ do (past tense particle)

Particle

na

marks an interrogative in the past tense
Na rinn thu sin? ― Did you do that?

Usage notes

Colloquial, rarely seen in formal writing.
Dialectal, typical of northern dialects, particularly Lewis and Skye.

Etymology 7

From Old Irish ná.

Particle

na

don’t (particle used to introduce a negative imperative; triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)
Na bruidhinn!
Do not speak!

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/
audio (file)

Preposition

na (Cyrillic spelling на)

(+ locative case) on, at, in (with certain nouns, expressing location without a change of position, answering the question gdjȅ/gdȅ; see usage notes below)
knjiga je na stolu ― the book is on the table
biti na koncertu ― to be at the concert
biti na ulici ― to be in the street
zv(ij)ezde na nebu ― stars in the sky
(+ locative case) on (indicating medium)
čuti nešto na radiju ― to hear something on the radio
(+ accusative case) to, on, onto (with certain nouns, expressing the goal of motion, answering questions kùda (Bosnian, Serbian) or kȁmo (Croatian); see usage notes below)
staviti knjigu na sto(l) ― to put a book on the table
ići na koncert ― to go to a concert
(+ accusative case) for (with verbs of motion and certain other verbs, to express something which will last for a limited period; after that a reverse action is implied)
otići nekuda/nekamo na dva dana ― to go somewhere for two days
(+ accusative case) in (used with seasons)
na l(j)eto ― in summer, next summer, the following summer
(+ accusative case) noun attribute for permanent properties, such as sources of power or energy, but not including purpose
krevet na kat ― bunk bed (literally, “bed on story, level”)
podmornica na atomski pogon ― nuclear-powered submarine (literally, “submarine (run) on the nuclear power”)
jaje na oko ― sunny-side up egg (literally, “egg on the eye”)
ljubav na daljinu ― long-distance relationship (literally, “love on distance”)
r(ij)eči na a ― words ending in a (literally, “words on a”)
(+ accusative case) by, on, through (adverbial phrase of manner)
ući na prednja vrata ― to enter through the front door (literally, “to enter on the front door”)
plaćena na sat ― paid by the hour (literally, “paid on an hour”)
na brzinu ― hastily (literally, “on speed”)
na vr(ij)eme ― on time
(+ accusative case) indirect object of certain verbs
vikati na ljude ― to yell at people
pods(j)ećati na nekog ― to remind of someone
(+ accusative case) a part of certain set expressions, which can be spelled also as one word in Croatian
na sreću ― luckily
na prim(j)er ― for example

Usage notes

na is used to indicate the location (with locative) or the goal of motion (with accusative), with:

surfaces, either horizontal (table) or vertical (wall), including open spaces such as playgrounds, mountains, islands, most neighborhoods, pictures, the sky
activities, such as ručak lunch, odmor vacation, posao work, predavanje lecture, sastanak meeting
exposure to the sun, fresh air, wind, rain and snow (na suncu ― in the sun)
limits: rub, ivica edge, početak beginning, kraj end, vrh top, dno bottom
languages (na engleskom ― in English)
with more sea, to express at/to the seaside; with selo village, to express in/to the countryside
the noun fakultet

Interjection

na! (Cyrillic spelling на!)

Here you are! Take it!
Help yourself!

Shona

**Shona cardinal numbers**
< 3	4	5 >
Cardinal : na Ordinal : china

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-nàì.

Adjective

-na

four

Inflection

Inflected forms of -na

plural only
Class 2		vana
Class 4		mina
Class 6		mana
Class 8		zvina
Class 10		ina
Class 13		tuna

Sicilian

Article

na f sg

(indefinite) a, an

Slovak

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈna/

Preposition

na (followed by locative šiesty pád)

on (location)

na (followed by accusative štvrtý pád)

for (purpose)

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/

Preposition

na

(with locative) on (stationary)
(with accusative) onto (motion towards)
(with accusative) at, on (a moment in time)

Somali

Adverb

na

moreover

Southern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.

Verb

-na

to rain

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Spanish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈna/ [ˈna]
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: na

Etymology 1

From enna.

Contraction

na

(obsolete) en la

Etymology 2

Representing accents where intervocalic /d/ is lost after a stressed syllable.

Alternative forms

na'

Pronoun

na

Pronunciation spelling of nada.

Derived terms

no ni na

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch naar.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/

Preposition

na

to

Sumerian

Romanization

na

Romanization of 𒈾 (na)

Swahili

Etymology

Akin to Lingala na, Luganda na. From Proto-Bantu [Term?]. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nɑ/
Audio (Kenya) (file)

Conjunction

na

and
with
by

Usage notes

Older or more conservative Swahili writings only use na to connect two nouns, never to connect two adjectives; the second adjective is changed into an abstract noun instead. However, in modern colloquial Swahili, this is not always the case.

na can be suffixed with special suffixes (for human pronominals) or any -o of reference (for other objects) to inflect it with an object (for example, nayo = "with it"):

Inflection

Object-inflected forms of na:

Pronominals	1s	2s	3s	1p	2p	3p
Object-inflected form	nami	nawe	naye	nasi	nanyi	nao

Classes	c1	c2/c3/c11/c14	c4/c6/c9	c5	c7	c8	c10	c15	c16	c17
Object-inflected form	naye	nao	nayo	nalo	nacho	navyo	nazo	nako	napo	namo

Swazi

Particle

nâ

Interrogative particle; indicates a yes-no question. Placed at the end of the sentence.

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish hana, accusative form of hon. In standard Swedish, the corresponding dative form (henne, in Old Norse: hænni) instead has taken its place.[1]

Pronoun

na

(dialectal, colloquial) her; accusative/dative of hon
Jo, jag gav'na brevet.
Yes, I gave her the letter.

Usage notes

Often merged with previous word. Rarely in written form unless supposed to imitate (dialectal) speech. See also the usage notes for honom.

Synonyms

henne

References

han in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Anagrams

-an, an, an-

Tagalog

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/, [nɐ]

Adverb

na

already; now (expresses the event when following a verb)
Tapos na.
Finished already.
Yari na tayo.
We've now been made.
already; now (declares the event of action when following a verb in the past tense)
Natulog na.
Slept already.
Bumili na.
Bought already.
already; now (suggests immediate or quick action when following the infinitive form and future tense of the verb)
Pumasok na tayo.
Let's go in already.
Ipinabibili ko na ang gamot.
I'm having someone buy the medicine now.

Adjective

na

already; now (expresses the event when following a noun)
Bagsak na.
Failure already.
Abogado na siya.
He/She is now a lawyer.
now; already (expresses a shift or change in the performance of a task when following a personal pronoun)
Ako na.
My turn.
(literally, “Me now.”)
Ikaw na.
Your turn.
(literally, “You now.”)
Siya na.
His/her turn.
(literally, “Him/her now.”)

Ligature

na

Connects words, phrases, and sentences: which is; that is; who is
1. Connects adjectives to nouns.
  May matinis na boses siya.
  He/she has a piercing voice.
  Mahilig ako sa mga matatangkad na lalaki
  I like tall boys.
2. Connects adverbs to verbs.
  Siya ay mabilis na tumakbo.
  He/she ran fast.
  Malugod ka naming tinatanggap.
  We welcome you.
3. Connects clauses: that; to
  Masaya ka lang na meron kang pera.
  You're only happy that you have money.
  Magandang ipanggawa ng saranggola.
  Good to use to make a kite.
4. Connects quantifiers (mayroon and wala only uses -ng)
  Tanang Pilipino ― Every Filipino.
  Mayroon kang kanin sa pisngi mo
  You have rice on your cheeks.
  Apat na palo. ― Four sticks.

Usage notes

na becomes the -ng suffix if the preceding word ends in a vowel.
Magandang bulaklak
Pretty flower
Biglang nagsalita siya.
He/She suddenly spoke.

Words ending in -n will become -ng (-g)
Dayuhang turista
Foreign tourist
Siya ay dahan-dahang pumunta doon.
He/She carefully went there.

It becomes the -ng- interfix in compound words, if the preceding stem ends in a vowel.
‎haba + ‎-ng- + ‎buhay → ‎habang-buhay
‎bunga + ‎-ng- + ‎kahoy → ‎bungangkahoy

It becomes the -m- interfix in compound words, where the next stem starts with a (b) or (p).
‎haba + ‎-m- + ‎buhay → ‎habambuhay
‎ganti + ‎-m- + ‎pala → ‎gantimpala

It becomes the -n- interfix in compound words, where the next stem starts with a (d), (s), or (t).
‎isa + ‎-n- + ‎daan → ‎sandaan
‎bago + ‎-n- + ‎sakop + ‎-in → ‎bagunsakupin
‎libo + ‎-n- + ‎taon → ‎libuntaon

Words ending with -n inside compounds ending will become -ng- (-g-)
‎daan + ‎-g- + ‎bakal → ‎daang-bakal
‎kababaan + ‎-g- + ‎loob → ‎kababaang-loob
‎kabungguan + ‎-g- + ‎balikat → ‎kabungguang-balikat

Tày

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *ʰnaːᴬ (“thick”). Cognate with Lao ໜາ (nā), Lü ᦐᦱ (ṅaa), Shan ၼႃ (nǎa), Ahom 𑜃𑜡 (nā), Bouyei nal, Zhuang na, Thai หนา (nǎa).

Pronunciation

(Thạch An – Tràng Định) IPA^(key): [naː˧˧]

(Trùng Khánh) IPA^(key): [naː˦˥]

Adjective

na (那,𪿣)

thick
phải na ― thick fabric
律𪫆𥿯[]那
Loảt mừa phải tắm na
(please add an English translation of this usage example)
禁那遮敏詩
Gụm na già mắn thí
With a thick [layer of] protection, it will be firmly covered.
bold, brave
nả na ― shameless, bold

Derived terms

na tứt

References

Hoàng Văn Ma; Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Chí (2006) Từ điển Tày-Nùng-Việt [Tay-Nung-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Từ điển Bách khoa Hà Nội
Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary]‎ (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên
Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English and.

Conjunction

na

and
- 1995, John Verhaar, Toward a reference grammar of Tok Pisin: an experiment in corpus linguistics‎, →ISBN, page 433:
  Mekim olsem pinis, orait tupela i planim taro na banana, na kumu, painap, kon, tomato, na kaukau tu.
  (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 1986, John Hunter, “Vocabulary”, in Papua New Guinea phrasebook‎, →ISBN, page 60:
  and - na
  (please add an English translation of this quote)

Derived terms

olsem na

Turkish

Etymology

From Russian на (na) or Ukrainian на (na).

Interjection

na

(dialect, Trabzon, Rize) here it is! take it!
Synonym: işte!

Tzotzil

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nä/

Noun

na

house

Inflection

possessive forms of na

indefinite possession
nail
	singular	plural
	singular	inclusive	exclusive
1st	jna	jnatik	jnakutik (San Andrés Larráinzar) jnatikotik (Zinacantán)
2nd	ana	anaik
3rd	sna	snaik

Derived terms

(Nouns)

ti' na

References

Laughlin, Robert M. (1975) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of San Lorenzo Zinacantán. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Laughlin, Robert M. [et al.] (1988) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of Santo Domingo Zinacantán, vol. I. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Unami

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [na]

Pronoun

na

that (animate)

Venda

Conjunction

na

and
with

Venetian

Article

na f sg

a, an

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [naː˧˧]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [naː˧˧]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [naː˧˧]

Noun

(classifier cây, trái, quả) na • (𦰡)

(Northern Vietnam) sugar apple (Annona squamosa)
Synonym: mãng cầu

Anagrams

an

Welsh

Etymology 1

Cognate with Old Irish nach,[1] ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ne (negative particle) + *-kʷe (“and”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /naː/, /na/
Rhymes: -aː

Interjection

na

no

Particle

na

not (in answers and tag questions)
don’t (in prohibitions)

Usage notes

Triggers mixed (aspirate or soft) mutation of a following consonant. When the following consonant is g, which disappears under soft mutation, the form na remains; it does not become nag, the form used before vowels. Thus na + gallan becomes na allan, not *nag allan.

Alternative forms

nag (used before a vowel)

Conjunction

na

that … not (introduces a negative noun clause)
Mae e’n dweud na fydd e’n mynd.
He says that he will not go.

Alternative forms

nad (used before a vowel, or where an element is fronted for emphasis)

Etymology 2

Variant of no(g),[2] probably from rebracketing of the comparative “*-achn o” as “-ach no”.[3]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /naː/, /na/

Conjunction

na (triggers mixed mutation)

than
neither, nor

Alternative forms

nag (used before a vowel)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /naː/, /na/

Verb

na

Soft mutation of gna.

Verb

na (not mutable)

first-person singular future colloquial of gwneud

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
gna	na	ngna	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Adjective

na

Nasal mutation of da.

Noun

na

Nasal mutation of da.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
da	dda	na	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “na”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “no”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, §§ 113 i (1), 147 iv (3)

Westrobothnian

Etymology 1

From Old Norse nakkvart.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/, /næ/

Adverb

na

somewhat
Hä rit nona högt ópp i värä tornä däna
That tower rises fairly high up in the air.

Derived terms

na å na
navondail
na sä när
na sta när
nalta
naltä
navohdt

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hana.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nɑ/, /ɳɑ/

Pronoun

na

her

Xhosa

Particle

ná

Interrogative particle; indicates a yes-no question. Placed at the end of the sentence.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.

Verb

-na

(intransitive) to rain

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Yola

Etymology 1

From Middle English na, from nan (“none”), from Old English nān. Cognates include English no and Scots nae.

Alternative forms

no, nae, nowe

Determiner

na

no

Particle

na

no

Interjection

na

Alternative form of naay
- 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 9:
  Na, now or neveare! w' cry't t' Tommeen,
  Nay, now or never! we cry'd to Tommy,

Adverb

na

Alternative form of no (“not”)
- 1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4:
  Hea pryet ich mought na ha chicke or hen,
  He prayed I might not have chicken nor hen,

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Irish na.

Article

na

of the
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, line 4:
  na coshe an loyale dwellerès na Baronie Forthe,
  both faithful and loyal inhabitants of the Barony of Forth,

References

Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 58, 88, 104 & 114

Yoruba

Pronunciation

(high-tone): IPA^(key): /nã́/
(mid-tone): IPA^(key): /nã̄/
(low-tone): IPA^(key): /nã̀/

Verb

nà

to beat; to hit; to smack
Synonym: lù
Ó nà án ní pàṣán ― She beat him with a whip
to defeat
Synonym: borí

Usage notes

na before a direct object.

Derived terms

ìnàkunà (“severe beating”)
nani (“to beat a person”)
na pápá bora
nínà (“beating”)

Verb

ná

to spend
Synonym: náwó (“to spend money”)
Àníkẹ́ ń ná owó nínàákúkàá ― Anike is spending money extravagently
to cost
Ó ná mi ní ogún náírà péré ― It only cost me 20 naira
Ó lè máa ná wọn tó ẹgbẹ̀rún dọ́là ― It may cost them up to a thousand dollars
to haggle; to bargain
Synonyms: yọwó, nájà
Ìyá mi ń bá oníkiri ná ― My mother's haggling with the hawker
1. to trade; to go to the market
  Synonym: nájà
  Mo ná ọjà Mọ́kọ́lá ― I trade at Mokola market

Derived terms

dúnàádúrà (“to negociate”)
ìnákúnàá (“misspending”)
nájà (“to haggle; to trade”)
náwó (“to spend money”)
ọjà níná (“haggling”)

Verb

nà

to stretch; to raise
Mo na ọwọ́ mi dì í mú ― I stretched out my hand to grasp it
Àwòdì na ìyẹ́ rẹ̀, kí ó sì fò lọ ― The hawk spread its wings and flew away
to aim; to point
Ọlọ́pàá na ìbọn sí wọn lójú ― The police pointed a gun in their face

Usage notes

na before a direct object.

Derived terms

nàka (“to point one's finger”)
nasẹ̀ (“to introduce”)
nawọ́ (“to stretch one's hand”)
nàyìn (“to stretch one's back”)

Zaghawa

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/

Pronoun

na

you (singular); thou
Na dô neygini? : Are you tired?

References

Beria-English English-Beria Dictionary [provisional] ADESK, Iriba, Kobe Department, Chad

Zhuang

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *ʰnaːᴬ (“thick”). Cognate with Thai หนา (nǎa), Lao ໜາ (nā), Lü ᦐᦱ (ṅaa), Shan ၼႃ (nǎa), Ahom 𑜃𑜡 (nā), Bouyei nal.

Pronunciation

(Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /na˨˦/

Tone numbers: na¹

Hyphenation: na

Adjective

na (Sawndip forms 𭆗 or 那 or 𭡇 or 𦀨, 1957–1982 spelling na)

thick (with opposite surfaces far apart)
Antonym: mbang
(of vegetation) dense; thick

Zia

Etymology

From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *na. Cognate to Blagar na.

Pronoun

na

I (first person pronoun singular)

Zou

Etymology 1

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *naa, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na. Cognates include Tibetan ན (na) and Burmese နာ (na).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na˧/

Adjective

na

ill

Etymology 2

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *hnaar, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-na. Cognates include Tibetan སྣ (sna) and Burmese နှာ (hna).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na˧/

Noun

na

nose

References

Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, pages 40, 47

Zulu

Etymology 1

Possibly from na-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ná/

Particle

na

Interrogative particle; indicates a yes-no question. Placed at the end of the sentence.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na/

Verb

-na

(intransitive) to rain

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukuna
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuna	ukungani
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	yina	-ne
Plural	yinani	-neni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyana, ngina	enginayo, engina	ngina	angini	engingani	ngingani
2nd singular	uyana, una	onayo, ona	una	awuni	ongani	ungani
1st plural	siyana, sina	esinayo, esina	sina	asini	esingani	singani
2nd plural	niyana, nina	eninayo, enina	nina	anini	eningani	ningani
Class 1	uyana, una	onayo, ona	ena	akani	ongani	engani
Class 2	bayana, bana	abanayo, abana	bena	abani	abangani	bengani
Class 3	uyana, una	onayo, ona	una	awuni	ongani	ungani
Class 4	iyana, ina	enayo, ena	ina	ayini	engani	ingani
Class 5	liyana, lina	elinayo, elina	lina	alini	elingani	lingani
Class 6	ayana, ana	anayo, ana	ena	awani	angani	engani
Class 7	siyana, sina	esinayo, esina	sina	asini	esingani	singani
Class 8	ziyana, zina	ezinayo, ezina	zina	azini	ezingani	zingani
Class 9	iyana, ina	enayo, ena	ina	ayini	engani	ingani
Class 10	ziyana, zina	ezinayo, ezina	zina	azini	ezingani	zingani
Class 11	luyana, luna	olunayo, oluna	luna	aluni	olungani	lungani
Class 14	buyana, buna	obunayo, obuna	buna	abuni	obungani	bungani
Class 15	kuyana, kuna	okunayo, okuna	kuna	akuni	okungani	kungani
Class 17	kuyana, kuna	okunayo, okuna	kuna	akuni	okungani	kungani
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	nginile, nginē	enginile, enginē	nginile, nginē	anginanga	engingananga	ngingananga
2nd singular	unile, unē	onile, onē	unile, unē	awunanga	ongananga	ungananga
1st plural	sinile, sinē	esinile, esinē	sinile, sinē	asinanga	esingananga	singananga
2nd plural	ninile, ninē	eninile, eninē	ninile, ninē	aninanga	eningananga	ningananga
Class 1	unile, unē	onile, onē	enile, enē	akananga	ongananga	engananga
Class 2	banile, banē	abanile, abanē	benile, benē	abananga	abangananga	bengananga
Class 3	unile, unē	onile, onē	unile, unē	awunanga	ongananga	ungananga
Class 4	inile, inē	enile, enē	inile, inē	ayinanga	engananga	ingananga
Class 5	linile, linē	elinile, elinē	linile, linē	alinanga	elingananga	lingananga
Class 6	anile, anē	anile, anē	enile, enē	awananga	angananga	engananga
Class 7	sinile, sinē	esinile, esinē	sinile, sinē	asinanga	esingananga	singananga
Class 8	zinile, zinē	ezinile, ezinē	zinile, zinē	azinanga	ezingananga	zingananga
Class 9	inile, inē	enile, enē	inile, inē	ayinanga	engananga	ingananga
Class 10	zinile, zinē	ezinile, ezinē	zinile, zinē	azinanga	ezingananga	zingananga
Class 11	lunile, lunē	olunile, olunē	lunile, lunē	alunanga	olungananga	lungananga
Class 14	bunile, bunē	obunile, obunē	bunile, bunē	abunanga	obungananga	bungananga
Class 15	kunile, kunē	okunile, okunē	kunile, kunē	akunanga	okungananga	kungananga
Class 17	kunile, kunē	okunile, okunē	kunile, kunē	akunanga	okungananga	kungananga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāna	engāna	ngāna	anginanga	engingananga	ngingananga
2nd singular	wāna	owāna	wāna	awunanga	ongananga	ungananga
1st plural	sāna	esāna	sāna	asinanga	esingananga	singananga
2nd plural	nāna	enāna	nāna	aninanga	eningananga	ningananga
Class 1	wāna	owāna	āna	akananga	ongananga	engananga
Class 2	bāna	abāna	bāna	abananga	abangananga	bengananga
Class 3	wāna	owāna	wāna	awunanga	ongananga	ungananga
Class 4	yāna	eyāna	yāna	ayinanga	engananga	ingananga
Class 5	lāna	elāna	lāna	alinanga	elingananga	lingananga
Class 6	āna	āna	āna	awananga	angananga	engananga
Class 7	sāna	esāna	sāna	asinanga	esingananga	singananga
Class 8	zāna	ezāna	zāna	azinanga	ezingananga	zingananga
Class 9	yāna	eyāna	yāna	ayinanga	engananga	ingananga
Class 10	zāna	ezāna	zāna	azinanga	ezingananga	zingananga
Class 11	lwāna	olwāna	lwāna	alunanga	olungananga	lungananga
Class 14	bāna	obāna	bāna	abunanga	obungananga	bungananga
Class 15	kwāna	okwāna	kwāna	akunanga	okungananga	kungananga
Class 17	kwāna	okwāna	kwāna	akunanga	okungananga	kungananga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingana	—	ngingana	ngingene	—	ngingene
2nd singular	ungana	—	ungana	ungene	—	ungene
1st plural	singana	—	singana	singene	—	singene
2nd plural	ningana	—	ningana	ningene	—	ningene
Class 1	angana	—	engana	angene	—	engene
Class 2	bangana	—	bengana	bangene	—	bengene
Class 3	ungana	—	ungana	ungene	—	ungene
Class 4	ingana	—	ingana	ingene	—	ingene
Class 5	lingana	—	lingana	lingene	—	lingene
Class 6	angana	—	engana	angene	—	engene
Class 7	singana	—	singana	singene	—	singene
Class 8	zingana	—	zingana	zingene	—	zingene
Class 9	ingana	—	ingana	ingene	—	ingene
Class 10	zingana	—	zingana	zingene	—	zingene
Class 11	lungana	—	lungana	lungene	—	lungene
Class 14	bungana	—	bungana	bungene	—	bungene
Class 15	kungana	—	kungana	kungene	—	kungene
Class 17	kungana	—	kungana	kungene	—	kungene
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokuna	engizokuna	ngizokuna	angizukuna	engingezukuna	ngingezukuna
2nd singular	uzokuna	ozokuna	uzokuna	awuzukuna	ongezukuna	ungezukuna
1st plural	sizokuna	esizokuna	sizokuna	asizukuna	esingezukuna	singezukuna
2nd plural	nizokuna	enizokuna	nizokuna	anizukuna	eningezukuna	ningezukuna
Class 1	uzokuna	ozokuna	ezokuna	akazukuna	ongezukuna	engezukuna
Class 2	bazokuna	abazokuna	bezokuna	abazukuna	abangezukuna	bengezukuna
Class 3	uzokuna	ozokuna	uzokuna	awuzukuna	ongezukuna	ungezukuna
Class 4	izokuna	ezokuna	izokuna	ayizukuna	engezukuna	ingezukuna
Class 5	lizokuna	elizokuna	lizokuna	alizukuna	elingezukuna	lingezukuna
Class 6	azokuna	azokuna	ezokuna	awazukuna	angezukuna	engezukuna
Class 7	sizokuna	esizokuna	sizokuna	asizukuna	esingezukuna	singezukuna
Class 8	zizokuna	ezizokuna	zizokuna	azizukuna	ezingezukuna	zingezukuna
Class 9	izokuna	ezokuna	izokuna	ayizukuna	engezukuna	ingezukuna
Class 10	zizokuna	ezizokuna	zizokuna	azizukuna	ezingezukuna	zingezukuna
Class 11	luzokuna	oluzokuna	luzokuna	aluzukuna	olungezukuna	lungezukuna
Class 14	buzokuna	obuzokuna	buzokuna	abuzukuna	obungezukuna	bungezukuna
Class 15	kuzokuna	okuzokuna	kuzokuna	akuzukuna	okungezukuna	kungezukuna
Class 17	kuzokuna	okuzokuna	kuzokuna	akuzukuna	okungezukuna	kungezukuna
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokuna	engiyokuna	ngiyokuna	angiyukuna	engingeyukuna	ngingeyukuna
2nd singular	uyokuna	oyokuna	uyokuna	awuyukuna	ongeyukuna	ungeyukuna
1st plural	siyokuna	esiyokuna	siyokuna	asiyukuna	esingeyukuna	singeyukuna
2nd plural	niyokuna	eniyokuna	niyokuna	aniyukuna	eningeyukuna	ningeyukuna
Class 1	uyokuna	oyokuna	eyokuna	akayukuna	ongeyukuna	engeyukuna
Class 2	bayokuna	abayokuna	beyokuna	abayukuna	abangeyukuna	bengeyukuna
Class 3	uyokuna	oyokuna	uyokuna	awuyukuna	ongeyukuna	ungeyukuna
Class 4	iyokuna	eyokuna	iyokuna	ayiyukuna	engeyukuna	ingeyukuna
Class 5	liyokuna	eliyokuna	liyokuna	aliyukuna	elingeyukuna	lingeyukuna
Class 6	ayokuna	ayokuna	eyokuna	awayukuna	angeyukuna	engeyukuna
Class 7	siyokuna	esiyokuna	siyokuna	asiyukuna	esingeyukuna	singeyukuna
Class 8	ziyokuna	eziyokuna	ziyokuna	aziyukuna	ezingeyukuna	zingeyukuna
Class 9	iyokuna	eyokuna	iyokuna	ayiyukuna	engeyukuna	ingeyukuna
Class 10	ziyokuna	eziyokuna	ziyokuna	aziyukuna	ezingeyukuna	zingeyukuna
Class 11	luyokuna	oluyokuna	luyokuna	aluyukuna	olungeyukuna	lungeyukuna
Class 14	buyokuna	obuyokuna	buyokuna	abuyukuna	obungeyukuna	bungeyukuna
Class 15	kuyokuna	okuyokuna	kuyokuna	akuyukuna	okungeyukuna	kungeyukuna
Class 17	kuyokuna	okuyokuna	kuyokuna	akuyukuna	okungeyukuna	kungeyukuna
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngine	ngingani
2nd singular	une	ungani
1st plural	sine	singani
2nd plural	nine	ningani
Class 1	ane	angani
Class 2	bane	bangani
Class 3	une	ungani
Class 4	ine	ingani
Class 5	line	lingani
Class 6	ane	angani
Class 7	sine	singani
Class 8	zine	zingani
Class 9	ine	ingani
Class 10	zine	zingani
Class 11	lune	lungani
Class 14	bune	bungani
Class 15	kune	kungani
Class 17	kune	kungani
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngana	ngangana, angana, angangana
2nd singular	wana	wangana, awana, awangana
1st plural	sana	sangana, asana, asangana
2nd plural	nana	nangana, anana, anangana
Class 1	wana	wangana, akana, akangana
Class 2	bana	bangana, abana, abangana
Class 3	wana	wangana, awana, awangana
Class 4	yana	yangana, ayana, ayangana
Class 5	lana	langana, alana, alangana
Class 6	ana	angana, awana, awangana
Class 7	sana	sangana, asana, asangana
Class 8	zana	zangana, azana, azangana
Class 9	yana	yangana, ayana, ayangana
Class 10	zana	zangana, azana, azangana
Class 11	lwana	lwangana, alwana, alwangana
Class 14	bana	bangana, abana, abangana
Class 15	kwana	kwangana, akwana, akwangana
Class 17	kwana	kwangana, akwana, akwangana

References

C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “na”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “na (3-8)”
C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “na”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “na”

[tgb1964-1] “na” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 277. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

[2] Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

[GPC-3] R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “na”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[4] R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “no”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[5] Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, §§ 113 i (1), 147 iv (3)

na

Translingual

Symbol

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Adverb

Etymology 2

Interjection

References

Etymology 3

Noun

Etymology 4

Adverb

Etymology 5

Adverb

See also

Anagrams

'Are'are

Article

References

Acehnese

Verb

Derived terms

Albanian

Etymology

Pronoun

Alternative forms

Asturian

Etymology

Contraction

Bambara

Pronunciation

Noun

Particle

References

Bikol Central

Adverb

Particle

Blagar

Etymology

Pronunciation

Pronoun

Noun

References

Cameroon Pidgin

Pronunciation

Predicative

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Article

Usage notes

Related terms

Cavineña

Noun

References

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Pronoun

Czech

Etymology

Pronunciation

Preposition

Further reading

Dalmatian

Etymology

Adverb

Related terms

Domari

Etymology

Numeral

References

Drung

Etymology

Pronoun

References

Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Preposition