mũgate

Kikuyu

Etymology

Borrowed from Swahili mkate.[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mòɣàtɛ̌/

As for Tonal Class, Armstrong (1940) classifies this term into mote class which includes mũtĩ, gĩkwa (pl. ikwa), gĩthaka, kĩnya, kĩrũũmi, mũcinga, mũhaka, mũrũthi, njagĩ, njohi, nyũmba, etc.[2] Benson (1964) classifies this term into Class 2 with a disyllabic stem, together with kĩgunyũ, njagĩ, kiugũ, and so on. Yukawa (1981) classifies this term into a group including gĩkwa (pl. ikwa), ithangũ (pl. mathangũ), kiugũ, kĩboko, kĩgunyũ, kĩnya, kĩroboto, kĩrũũmi, mbogo, mũcinga, mũhaka, mũrangi, mũrũthi, ndaraca, ndirica, njohi, nyũmba, thĩ, and so on.[3] Clements (1984) classifies this term into “LH class” corresponding to Armstrong's mote class and Benson's disyllabic 2, together with kĩrũũmi.[4]

Noun

mũgate class 3 (plural mĩgate)

bread[5]

References

“mũgate” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 103. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1981). "A Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns: A Study of Limuru Dialect." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 22, 75–123.
Clements, George N. (1984). "Principles of tone assignment in Kikuyu." In Clements, G.N. and J.A. Goldsmith (eds.) Autosegmental studies in Bantu tone, pp. 281–339. Dordrecht: Mouton de Gruyter; Foris Publications. →ISBN
Barlow, A. Ruffell (1960). Studies in Kikuyu Grammar and Idiom, p. 233.

[tgb1964-1] “mũgate” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 103. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

[lea1940-2] Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).

[yy1981-3] Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1981). "A Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns: A Study of Limuru Dialect." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 22, 75–123.

[4] Clements, George N. (1984). "Principles of tone assignment in Kikuyu." In Clements, G.N. and J.A. Goldsmith (eds.) Autosegmental studies in Bantu tone, pp. 281–339. Dordrecht: Mouton de Gruyter; Foris Publications. →ISBN

[5] Barlow, A. Ruffell (1960). Studies in Kikuyu Grammar and Idiom, p. 233.

单词	mũgate
释义	mũgate Kikuyu Etymology Borrowed from Swahili mkate.[1] Pronunciation IPA^(key): /mòɣàtɛ̌/ As for Tonal Class, Armstrong (1940) classifies this term into mote class which includes mũtĩ, gĩkwa (pl. ikwa), gĩthaka, kĩnya, kĩrũũmi, mũcinga, mũhaka, mũrũthi, njagĩ, njohi, nyũmba, etc.[2] Benson (1964) classifies this term into Class 2 with a disyllabic stem, together with kĩgunyũ, njagĩ, kiugũ, and so on. Yukawa (1981) classifies this term into a group including gĩkwa (pl. ikwa), ithangũ (pl. mathangũ), kiugũ, kĩboko, kĩgunyũ, kĩnya, kĩroboto, kĩrũũmi, mbogo, mũcinga, mũhaka, mũrangi, mũrũthi, ndaraca, ndirica, njohi, nyũmba, thĩ, and so on.[3] Clements (1984) classifies this term into “LH class” corresponding to Armstrong's mote class and Benson's disyllabic 2, together with kĩrũũmi.[4] Noun mũgate class 3 (plural mĩgate) bread[5] References “mũgate” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 103. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge). Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1981). "A Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns: A Study of Limuru Dialect." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 22, 75–123. Clements, George N. (1984). "Principles of tone assignment in Kikuyu." In Clements, G.N. and J.A. Goldsmith (eds.) Autosegmental studies in Bantu tone, pp. 281–339. Dordrecht: Mouton de Gruyter; Foris Publications. →ISBN Barlow, A. Ruffell (1960). Studies in Kikuyu Grammar and Idiom, p. 233.
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