-mus
See also: Appendix:Variations of "mus"
Finnish
Etymology
-m- + -us
Suffix
-mus (front vowel harmony variant -mys)
- Forms nouns from verbs. Variant of -us used with sallia-type verbs, and those muistaa and sanoa-type verbs whose stem consists of one syllable; the "m" is used to fill the gap as adding just "-us" would sound awkward.
- tutkia (“to study, explore, investigate”) + -mus → tutkimus (“research, investigation”)
- luottaa (“to trust”) + -mus → luottamus (“trust”)
- Forms names for people and things from stems.
- yli- (“over, upper”) + -mus → ylimys (“aristocrat”)
- surkea (“miserable”) + -mus → surkimus (“weakling”)
- pyhä (“holy”) + -mus → pyhimys (“saint”)
- iso (“large”) + -mus → isomus (“large gold nugget”)
Derived terms
Finnish terms suffixed with -mus
Ingrian
Etymology
From -m- + -us. Akin to Finnish -mus.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /-mus/, [-muz̠]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /-mus/, [-muʒ̥]
Suffix
-mus (front vowel variant -ys)
- Used to form action nouns from verbs: -ing
- kysy- (“to ask”) + -mus → kysymys (“question”)
Declension
| Declension of -mus (type 2/petos, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -mus | -mukset |
| genitive | -muksen | -muksiin |
| partitive | -musta, -must | -muksia |
| illative | -muksee | -muksii |
| inessive | -muksees | -muksiis |
| elative | -muksest | -muksist |
| allative | -mukselle | -muksille |
| adessive | -mukseel | -muksiil |
| ablative | -mukselt | -muksilt |
| translative | -mukseks | -muksiks |
| essive | -muksenna, -mukseen | -muksinna, -muksiin |
| exessive1) | -muksent | -muksint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
Ingrian terms suffixed with -mus
Northern Sami
Etymology
From Proto-Samic [Term?].
Suffix
-mus (with odd-syllable stems -eamọs)
- Forms the superlative of adjectives.
Usage notes
- This suffix triggers the weak grade on a preceding stressed syllable.
Inflection
| Even a-stem, ss-s gradation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Attributive | -mus | |
| Nominative | -mus | |
| Genitive | -musa | |
| Attributive | -mus | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | -mus | -musat |
| Accusative | -musa | -musaid |
| Genitive | -musa | -musaid |
| Illative | -mussii | -musaide |
| Locative | -musas | -musain |
| Comitative | -musain | -musaiguin |
| Essive | -mussan | |
Derived terms
- See Category:Northern Sami adjective superlative forms