murmurer
English
Etymology
murmur + -er.
Noun
murmurer (plural murmurers)
- One who murmurs
- 2007, March 17, “Kelefa Sanneh”, in An R&B Star Who Doesn’t Look Like One:
- […] in a genre dominated by loud beats and wailing pleas, Mr. Thicke is a hard-core murmurer.
-
Translations
one who murmurs
|
Anagrams
- remurmur
French
Etymology
From Old French murmurer, borrowed from Latin murmuro, murmurare.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /myʁ.my.ʁe/
audio (file)
Verb
murmurer
- to murmur
Conjugation
Conjugation of murmurer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | murmurer | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | murmurant /myʁ.my.ʁɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | murmuré /myʁ.my.ʁe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | murmure /myʁ.myʁ/ | murmures /myʁ.myʁ/ | murmure /myʁ.myʁ/ | murmurons /myʁ.my.ʁɔ̃/ | murmurez /myʁ.my.ʁe/ | murmurent /myʁ.myʁ/ |
imperfect | murmurais /myʁ.my.ʁɛ/ | murmurais /myʁ.my.ʁɛ/ | murmurait /myʁ.my.ʁɛ/ | murmurions /myʁ.my.ʁjɔ̃/ | murmuriez /myʁ.my.ʁje/ | murmuraient /myʁ.my.ʁɛ/ | |
past historic2 | murmurai /myʁ.my.ʁe/ | murmuras /myʁ.my.ʁa/ | murmura /myʁ.my.ʁa/ | murmurâmes /myʁ.my.ʁam/ | murmurâtes /myʁ.my.ʁat/ | murmurèrent /myʁ.my.ʁɛʁ/ | |
future | murmurerai /myʁ.my.ʁə.ʁe/ | murmureras /myʁ.my.ʁə.ʁa/ | murmurera /myʁ.my.ʁə.ʁa/ | murmurerons /myʁ.my.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ | murmurerez /myʁ.my.ʁə.ʁe/ | murmureront /myʁ.my.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | murmurerais /myʁ.my.ʁə.ʁɛ/ | murmurerais /myʁ.my.ʁə.ʁɛ/ | murmurerait /myʁ.my.ʁə.ʁɛ/ | murmurerions /myʁ.my.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ | murmureriez /myʁ.my.ʁə.ʁje/ | murmureraient /myʁ.my.ʁə.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | murmure /myʁ.myʁ/ | murmures /myʁ.myʁ/ | murmure /myʁ.myʁ/ | murmurions /myʁ.my.ʁjɔ̃/ | murmuriez /myʁ.my.ʁje/ | murmurent /myʁ.myʁ/ |
imperfect2 | murmurasse /myʁ.my.ʁas/ | murmurasses /myʁ.my.ʁas/ | murmurât /myʁ.my.ʁa/ | murmurassions /myʁ.my.ʁa.sjɔ̃/ | murmurassiez /myʁ.my.ʁa.sje/ | murmurassent /myʁ.my.ʁas/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | murmure /myʁ.myʁ/ | — | murmurons /myʁ.my.ʁɔ̃/ | murmurez /myʁ.my.ʁe/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Related terms
- marmonner
- murmure m
Further reading
- “murmurer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin
Verb
murmurer
- first-person singular present passive subjunctive of murmurō
Old French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin murmuro, murmurare.
Verb
murmurer
- to whisper
- circa 1250, Rutebeuf, Ci encoumence la vie de Sainte Elyzabel, fille au roi de Hongrie:
- Mout murmurent ces chamberieres
- Her chambermaids whispered a lot
-
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of murmurer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | murmurer | avoir murmuré | |||||
gerund | en murmurant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | murmurant | ||||||
past participle | murmuré | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses | present | murmur | murmures | murmure | murmurons | murmurez | murmurent |
imperfect | murmuroie, murmureie, murmuroe, murmureve | murmuroies, murmureies, murmuroes, murmureves | murmuroit, murmureit, murmurot, murmureve | murmuriiens, murmuriens | murmuriiez, murmuriez | murmuroient, murmureient, murmuroent, murmurevent | |
preterite | murmurai | murmuras | murmura | murmurames | murmurastes | murmurerent | |
future | murmurerai | murmureras | murmurera | murmurerons | murmureroiz, murmurereiz, murmurerez | murmureront | |
conditional | murmureroie, murmurereie | murmureroies, murmurereies | murmureroit, murmurereit | murmureriiens, murmureriens | murmureriiez, murmureriez | murmureroient, murmurereient | |
compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses | present | murmur | murmurs | murmurt | murmurons | murmurez | murmurent |
imperfect | murmurasse | murmurasses | murmurast | murmurissons, murmurissiens | murmurissoiz, murmurissez, murmurissiez | murmurassent | |
compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | murmure | — | murmurons | murmurez | — |
Descendants
- → English: murmur
- French: murmurer
- Norman: murmuther