mur

See also: MUR, múr, mùr, mûr, mür, and můr

Aromanian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin mūrus, from Old Latin *moerus, *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to strengthen”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mur/

Noun

mur m (plural muri)

wall
Synonyms: greb, stizmã

Related terms

murisci

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin mūrem, accusative singular of mus, from Proto-Indo-European *muh₂s.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mur/

Noun

mur m (plural mures)

mouse

Breton

Etymology

From Middle Breton mur, from Old Breton mur, from Proto-Brythonic *mʉr, from Latin mūrus.

Noun

mur f

wall

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan mur, from Latin mūrus, from Old Latin *moerus, *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to strengthen”).

Pronunciation

(Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /ˈmur/

(Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈmuɾ/
Audio (file)

Noun

mur m (plural murs)

wall

Derived terms

Mur de les Lamentacions

Related terms

extramurs
intramurs
mural
muralla

Cimbrian

Etymology

Probably ultimately from Latin morus; cf. Italian mora, moro.

Noun

mur f

blackberry

References

Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin mare, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.

Noun

mur

sea

Danish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmuːˀr/, [ˈmuˀɐ̯], [ˈmuɐ̯ˀ]
Rhymes: -ur

Etymology 1

From Old Norse múrr m, borrowed via Old English mūr or Old Saxon mūr from Latin mūrus. Compare also German Mauer f, Dutch muur m.

Noun

mur c (singular definite muren, plural indefinite mure)

wall (defence structure)
wall (a wall-like structure built by overlapping bricks or by stones)
(soccer) wall

Inflection

Declension of mur

common gender	Singular		Plural
common gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	mur	muren	mure	murene
genitive	murs	murens	mures	murenes

Derived terms

mure

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

mur

imperative of mure

French

Etymology

From Middle French mur, from Old French mur, from Latin mūrus, from Old Latin *moerus, *moiros, from Proto-Italic *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to strengthen”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /myʁ/
Rhymes: -yʁ
audio (file)
Homophones: mûr, murs, mûrs, mure, mûre, mures, mûres, murent

Noun

mur m (plural murs)

wall

Derived terms

aller droit dans le mur
au pied du mur
avoir été bercé trop près du mur
emmurer
être dos au mur
faire le mur
les murs ont des oreilles
muraille
mur de Berlin
mur des Lamentations
mur de soutènement
mur du son
muret
mur mitoyen
parler à un mur
tégénaire des murs

Hausa

Etymology

Borrowing from Arabic مُرّ‎ (murr).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mûr/
- (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [mʊ̂r]

Noun

mûr̃ m

myrrh

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch moer, a shortening of moerschroef, from moer (“mother”) +‎ schroef (“bolt”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mur/

Noun

mur (first-person possessive murku, second-person possessive murmu, third-person possessive murnya)

nut (fastener for a bolt)

Irish

Pronunciation

(Ulster) IPA^(key): /mˠəɾˠ/

Determiner

mur

Ulster form of bhur

Leonese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

mur m (plural mures)

mouse

References

AEDLL

Livonian

Alternative forms

mu'r (Courland)

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *mureh. Cognate with Estonian mure, Finnish murhe.

Noun

mur

grief
sorrow

Declension

Declension of mur (84)

	singular (ikšlug)	plural (pǟgiņlug)
nominative (nominatīv)	mur	murūd
genitive (genitīv)	mur	murūd
partitive (partitīv)	murtõ	murīdi
dative (datīv)	murrõn	murūdõn
instrumental (instrumentāl)	murkõks	murūdõks
illative (illatīv)	murrõ	murīž
inessive (inesīv)	mursõ	murši
elative (elatīv)	murstõ	muršti

Lolopo

Etymology

From Proto-Loloish *mraŋ² (Bradley). Cognate with Sichuan Yi ꃅ (mu), Burmese မြင်း (mrang:).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [mɤ²¹]

Noun

mur

(Yao'an) horse

Lombard

Etymology

From Latin mūrus, from Proto-Italic *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to strengthen”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmyːr/ (Milanese)

Noun

mur m

wall

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French mur, from Latin mūrus, from Old Latin *moerus, *moiros, from Proto-Italic *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to strengthen”).

Verb

mur m (plural murs)

wall

Descendants

French: mur

References

mur on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)

Middle Low German

Noun

mur or mür f

Alternative form of mure.

Norman

Etymology

From Old French mur, from Latin mūrus, from Old Latin *moerus, *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mei (“to fix, to build fortifications or fences”).

Noun

mur m (plural murs)

(Guernsey) wall

Synonyms

muthâle (Jersey)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse múrr, from Latin murus.

Noun

mur m (definite singular muren, indefinite plural murer, definite plural murene)

a wall (a free-standing barrier, typically made of bricks, stone or concrete)
En vegg av tre er mindre solid enn en mur av stein.
A wall made of wood is less solid than a wall made of stone.

Usage notes

Norwegian uses two different words for "wall". One, "mur", refers to independent outdoor structures used to fortify and delineate. The other, "vegg", is used to refer to the walls of a building, regardless of its location and material composition. Both are occasionally used metaphorically, "mur" more so. "Mur" can also refer to the type of material such walls are typically made of, hence the possible construction "murvegg", meaning the wall of a house composed of brick or concrete.

Derived terms

brannmur
Den kinesiske mur
grunnmur
murstein
murverk
steinmur
betalingsmur

References

“mur” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse múrr, from Latin murus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mʉːr/

Noun

mur m (definite singular muren, indefinite plural murar, definite plural murane)

a wall (of stone, concrete or similar material)
Ein vegg av tre er mindre solid enn ein mur av stein.
A wall made of wood is less solid than a wall made of stone.

Usage notes

The words mur and vegg are both translated into English as wall. However, they are widely distinguished in the following manner: only mur is commonly used for freestanding walls. Only vegg is commonly used for the walls of a building, whether internal or external. Mur is restricted to stone or concrete walls, whereas vegg is used regardless of material. A wall made from brick or stone can be called a murvegg.

Derived terms

brannmur
den kinesiske muren
grunnmur
murstein
murverk
steinmur

References

“mur” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Occitan

Alternative forms

mura (Guardiol)

Etymology

From Old Occitan mur, from Latin mūrus, from Old Latin *moerus, *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mei (“to fix, to build fortifications or fences”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /myr/
Audio (file)

Noun

mur m (plural murs)

wall

Old French

Etymology

From Latin mūrum, accusative singular of mūrus, from Old Latin *moerus, *moiros, from Proto-Italic *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mei (“to fix, to build fortifications or fences”).

Noun

mur m (oblique plural murs, nominative singular murs, nominative plural mur)

wall

Descendants

Middle French: mur
- French: mur
Norman: mur

Old Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin mūrem, accusative singular of mus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmuɾ/

Noun

mur m

A mouse or rat
- 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, E codex, cantiga 326 (facsimile):
  oſ uiu iaz(er) com(o) iaz / o cõello aſcõdud ou o mur
  he saw them hiding like a cowering rabbit or a mouse.

Descendants

⇒ Galician: murar
⇒ Portuguese: murar
Trasmontano: muro (“mouse”)

Old Spanish

Etymology

From Latin mūrem, accusative singular of mūs.

Noun

mur m

mouse
- 1251, anonymous, Calila e Dimna 14, (ed. by Juan Manuel Cacho Blecua, María Jesús Lacarra, Madrid: Castalia, 1993):
  Et alçó los ojos contra las dos ramas et vio estar en las raízes dellas dos mures, el uno blanco et el otro negro, royendo sienpre, que non quedavan.
  And he raised his eyes towards the two branches [he was hanging on from], and saw that at the roots there were two mice, one white and the other black, constantly gnawing to the point there hardly remained any roots anymore.

Piedmontese

Etymology

From Latin mūrum, accusative singular of mūrus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /myr/

Noun

mur m

wall

Derived terms

muraja
murèt

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German mūr, mūre, from Old High German mûra, from Latin mūrus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mur/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ur
Syllabification: mur
Homophone: mór

Noun

mur m inan (diminutive murek)

wall (defensive rampart)
Synonym: wał
wall (structure built for defense surrounding an area)
Synonym: wał

Declension

Declension of mur

	singular	plural
nominative	mur	mury
genitive	muru	murów
dative	murowi	murom
accusative	mur	mury
instrumental	murem	murami
locative	murze	murach
vocative	murze	mury

Derived terms

particle

na mur beton

Related terms

adjectives

murarski
murowy

nouns

murarka
murarstwo
murarz

verbs

murować
wmurować
wmurowywać
wymurować
wymurowywać
zamurować
zamurowywać

Descendants

→ Belarusian: мур (mur)
→ Lithuanian: mūras
→ Slovak: múr
→ Ukrainian: мур (mur)

Romanian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mur/

Etymology 1

From Latin mōrus, from Ancient Greek μόρον (móron).

Noun

mur m (plural muri)

blackberry bush

Declension

Declension of mur

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) mur	murul	(niște) muri	murii
genitive/dative	(unui) mur	murului	(unor) muri	murilor
vocative	murule		murilor

Related terms

mură

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin mūrus (19th century) [1]. Perhaps preserved as popular in its use as a rare regionalism from Maramureș and Ardeal.[2]

Noun

mur m (plural muri)

(rare) wall
Synonyms: perete, zid

Declension

Declension of mur

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) mur	murul	(niște) muri	murii
genitive/dative	(unui) mur	murului	(unor) muri	murilor
vocative	murule		murilor

References

mur in DEX online - Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Dictionary of Regionalisms and Archaisms from Maramureș.https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Dic%C8%9Bionar_de_regionalisme_%C8%99i_arhaisme_din_Maramure%C8%99/Litera_M

Scottish Gaelic

Conjunction

mur

Alternative form of mura

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin mūrem, accusative singular of mūs. Displaced by ratón, an augmentative form of rata (“rat”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmuɾ/ [ˈmuɾ]
Rhymes: -uɾ
Syllabification: mur

Noun

mur m (plural mures)

(archaic) mouse
Synonym: ratón

Related terms

murciélago
múrido
musaraña

Sumerian

Romanization

mur

Romanization of 𒄯 (mur)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish mur, from Latin murus, possibly through an intermediate like Middle Low German mûre.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmʉːr/
Rhymes: -ʉːr
audio (file)

Noun

mur c

wall; defense structure
A wall-like structure built of overlapping bricks or of stones
(soccer) wall

Declension

Declension of mur
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	mur	muren	murar	murarna
Genitive	murs	murens	murars	murarnas

Descendants

→ Finnish: muuri

References

mur in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

rum

Tolai

Alternative forms

amur

Pronoun

mur

Second-person dual pronoun: you two

Declension

Tolai personal pronouns

	singular	dual	paucal	plural
1st person exclusive	iau	amir mir	amital mital	avet ave¹
1st person inclusive	-	dor	datal	dat da¹
2nd person	u	amur mur	amutal mutal	avat ava¹
3rd person	ia i	dir di	dital	diat dia¹
¹⁾ The plural pronouns lose the final -t when preceding a verb.

Welsh

mur

Etymology

From Middle Welsh mur, from Old Welsh mur, from Proto-Brythonic *mʉr, from Latin mūrus.

Pronunciation

(North Wales) IPA^(key): /mɨːr/
(South Wales) IPA^(key): /miːr/
Rhymes: -ɨːr
Homophone: mŷr; mir (South Wales)

Noun

mur m (plural muriau)

wall

Usage notes

The most commonly used word for “wall” in Welsh is wal. The word mur is used most often when referring to large walls such as the defensive walls of a city or Mur Mawr Tsieina (“the Great Wall of China”). It is also used in compound words, for example murlun, rhagfur, cellfur, briwydd y mur. The word pared refers to an internal partition wall whereas magwyr is a literary word for an external wall, little used now but preserved in such things as place and plant names.

Derived terms

briwydd y mur
carreg ben mur
cellfur
cenllys y muriau
craidd mur
chwerwlys y mur
dringwr muriau
duegredynen y muriau
haidd y mur
llysiau'r-bystwn y muriau
Mur Antwn
murio
muriog
murlen
murlun
Mur Mawr Tsienia
murol
Mur Wylofain
Mur Hadrian
rhagfur

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
mur	fur	unchanged	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

[1] ur in DEX online - Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

[2] Dictionary of Regionalisms and Archaisms from Maramureș.https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Dic%C8%9Bionar_de_regionalisme_%C8%99i_arhaisme_din_Maramure%C8%99/Litera_M

mur

Aromanian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Related terms

Asturian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Breton

Etymology

Noun

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

Cimbrian

Etymology

Noun

References

Dalmatian

Etymology

Noun

Danish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Inflection

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

See also

Further reading

Hausa

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Indonesian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Irish

Pronunciation

Determiner

Leonese

Etymology

Noun

References

Livonian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Lolopo

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Lombard

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Middle French

Etymology

Verb

Descendants

References

Middle Low German

Noun

Norman

Etymology

Noun