monnayer
French
Etymology
From monnaie + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mɔ.nɛ.je/, /mɔ.ne.je/
Audio (file)
Verb
monnayer
- to mint coins
- (by extension) to manufacture money
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb as far as pronunciation is concerned, but as with other verbs in -ayer (such as payer and essayer, the <y> of its stem may optionally be written as <i> when it precedes a silent <e> (compare verbs in -eyer, which never have this spelling change, and verbs in -oyer and -uyer, which always have it; verbs in -ayer belong to either group, according to the writer's preference).
Conjugation of monnayer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | monnayer | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | monnayant /mɔ.nɛ.jɑ̃/ or /mɔ.ne.jɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | monnayé /mɔ.nɛ.je/ or /mɔ.ne.je/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | monnaye or monnaie /mɔ.nɛj/ or /mɔ.nɛ/ | monnayes or monnaies /mɔ.nɛj/ or /mɔ.nɛ/ | monnaye or monnaie /mɔ.nɛj/ or /mɔ.nɛ/ | monnayons /mɔ.nɛ.jɔ̃/ or /mɔ.ne.jɔ̃/ | monnayez /mɔ.nɛ.je/ or /mɔ.ne.je/ | monnayent or monnaient /mɔ.nɛj/ or /mɔ.nɛ/ |
imperfect | monnayais /mɔ.nɛ.jɛ/ or /mɔ.ne.jɛ/ | monnayais /mɔ.nɛ.jɛ/ or /mɔ.ne.jɛ/ | monnayait /mɔ.nɛ.jɛ/ or /mɔ.ne.jɛ/ | monnayions /mɔ.nɛj.jɔ̃/ | monnayiez /mɔ.nɛj.je/ | monnayaient /mɔ.nɛ.jɛ/ or /mɔ.ne.jɛ/ | |
past historic2 | monnayai /mɔ.nɛ.je/ or /mɔ.ne.je/ | monnayas /mɔ.nɛ.ja/ or /mɔ.ne.ja/ | monnaya /mɔ.nɛ.ja/ or /mɔ.ne.ja/ | monnayâmes /mɔ.nɛ.jam/ or /mɔ.ne.jam/ | monnayâtes /mɔ.nɛ.jat/ or /mɔ.ne.jat/ | monnayèrent /mɔ.nɛ.jɛʁ/ or /mɔ.ne.jɛʁ/ | |
future | monnayerai or monnaierai /mɔ.nɛj.ʁe/ or /mɔ.nɛ.ʁe/ or /mɔ.ne.ʁe/ | monnayeras or monnaieras /mɔ.nɛj.ʁa/ or /mɔ.nɛ.ʁa/ or /mɔ.ne.ʁa/ | monnayera or monnaiera /mɔ.nɛj.ʁa/ or /mɔ.nɛ.ʁa/ or /mɔ.ne.ʁa/ | monnayerons or monnaierons /mɔ.nɛj.ʁɔ̃/ or /mɔ.nɛ.ʁɔ̃/ or /mɔ.ne.ʁɔ̃/ | monnayerez or monnaierez /mɔ.nɛj.ʁe/ or /mɔ.nɛ.ʁe/ or /mɔ.ne.ʁe/ | monnayeront or monnaieront /mɔ.nɛj.ʁɔ̃/ or /mɔ.nɛ.ʁɔ̃/ or /mɔ.ne.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | monnayerais or monnaierais /mɔ.nɛj.ʁɛ/ or /mɔ.nɛ.ʁɛ/ or /mɔ.ne.ʁɛ/ | monnayerais or monnaierais /mɔ.nɛj.ʁɛ/ or /mɔ.nɛ.ʁɛ/ or /mɔ.ne.ʁɛ/ | monnayerait or monnaierait /mɔ.nɛj.ʁɛ/ or /mɔ.nɛ.ʁɛ/ or /mɔ.ne.ʁɛ/ | monnayerions or monnaierions /mɔ.nɛ.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /mɔ.ne.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /mɔ.nɛ.ʁjɔ̃/ or /mɔ.ne.ʁjɔ̃/ | monnayeriez or monnaieriez /mɔ.nɛ.jə.ʁje/ or /mɔ.ne.jə.ʁje/ or /mɔ.nɛ.ʁje/ or /mɔ.ne.ʁje/ | monnayeraient or monnaieraient /mɔ.nɛj.ʁɛ/ or /mɔ.nɛ.ʁɛ/ or /mɔ.ne.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | monnaye or monnaie /mɔ.nɛj/ or /mɔ.nɛ/ | monnayes or monnaies /mɔ.nɛj/ or /mɔ.nɛ/ | monnaye or monnaie /mɔ.nɛj/ or /mɔ.nɛ/ | monnayions /mɔ.nɛj.jɔ̃/ | monnayiez /mɔ.nɛj.je/ | monnayent or monnaient /mɔ.nɛj/ or /mɔ.nɛ/ |
imperfect2 | monnayasse /mɔ.nɛ.jas/ or /mɔ.ne.jas/ | monnayasses /mɔ.nɛ.jas/ or /mɔ.ne.jas/ | monnayât /mɔ.nɛ.ja/ or /mɔ.ne.ja/ | monnayassions /mɔ.nɛ.ja.sjɔ̃/ or /mɔ.ne.ja.sjɔ̃/ | monnayassiez /mɔ.nɛ.ja.sje/ or /mɔ.ne.ja.sje/ | monnayassent /mɔ.nɛ.jas/ or /mɔ.ne.jas/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | monnaye or monnaie /mɔ.nɛj/ or /mɔ.nɛ/ | — | monnayons /mɔ.nɛ.jɔ̃/ or /mɔ.ne.jɔ̃/ | monnayez /mɔ.nɛ.je/ or /mɔ.ne.je/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
- faux-monnayeur
Related terms
- monnayage
Further reading
- “monnayer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.