mon
Translingual
Symbol
mon
- (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Mongolian.
English
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /mɑn/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /mɒn/
Audio (AU) (file) - Rhymes: -ɒn
Etymology 1
From Japanese 文 (mon). Cognate to wen, mun and van.
Noun
mon (plural mons or mon)
- (historical) The former currency of Japan until 1870, before the yen.
- 1902, Walter Del Mar, Around the World Through Japan, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., page 136:
- The shimonsen or shimon, originally worth four mon, but debased to two mon.
-
- The badge or emblem of a Japanese family, especially a family of the ancient feudal nobility; typically circular and consists of conventionalized forms from nature.
Etymology 2
From a dialectal variant of man; compare Western Middle English mon (alongside Eastern man).
Noun
mon
- (slang, used in the vocative) A colloquial means of address of man in places such as Jamaica and Shropshire in England.
See also
- (term of address for a man) mate (British, Australia), dude
Etymology 3
Clipping of monster, via Japanese モン (mon) in Pokémon, Digimon, etc.
Alternative forms
- 'mon
Noun
mon (plural mons)
- (fandom slang) A creature in a video game, usually one which is captured, trained up and used in battles.
- 2000 November 25, Thomas Conner, “Digimon Top Ten Choice List”, in alt.fan.digimon, Usenet:
- Here they are, the fans voted for them, and here they are, the Mons that can...
- 2003 February 15, sirSTACK, “Digimon #429”, in alt.fan.digimon, Usenet:
- When a mon attacks him, he returns the same strike with the world "Reflection" after it, double the original strength.
- 2011 June 6, Clayton, “PW! - Training Interlude”, in alt.games.nintendo.pokemon, Usenet:
- And thus did it come to pass that the boy and the two mons, after a brief final discussion began the training.
-
- (fandom slang) A video game or anime in which catching and battling creatures is an important element.
- 2001 May 27, Travis Anton, “Cigarette Smoke”, in alt.home.repair, Usenet:
- Pokemon, digimon and all other merchandised mons, what good parent will disagree with me that those little invading, mind rotting things should be tolerated... those should be illegal, too...
- 2001 May 24, Horace Wachope, “Kids Toys”, in alt.ozdebate, Usenet:
- And dont buy Pokemon or Digimon or any other bloody Mons or you will never hear the ned[sic] of it :-)
- 2003 December 9, tito, “Main difference between anime an U.S. cartoons?”, in rec.arts.anime.misc, Usenet:
- At any rate Digimon was the best mon/collector series we've seen yet, to the point its popularity was prolly bigger here than its marketing.
-
Anagrams
- -nom, MNO, NMO, NOM, ONM, no'm, nom, nom-, nom.
Bavarian
Alternative forms
- mònn, moon
Etymology
From Middle High German man, from Old High German man, from Proto-Germanic *mann-. Cognate with German Mann, Dutch man, English man, Icelandic maður, Swedish man, Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰 (manna).
Noun
mon
- (Sauris) man
- (Sauris) husband
References
- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Catalan
Etymology
From Old Catalan mon, from Vulgar Latin *mum, reduced form of Latin meus, meum, from Proto-Italic *meos. Compare Occitan and French mon.
In unstressed position in Vulgar Latin meum, meam etc. were monosyllabic and regularly became mon, ma etc. in Catalan. When stressed they were disyllabic and became meu, mia > meua etc.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /mun/ (always unstressed)
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /mon/ (always unstressed)
Determiner
mon m (feminine ma, masculine plural mos, feminine plural mes)
- my
Usage notes
The use of mon and the other possessive determiners is mostly archaic in the majority of dialects, with articulated possessive pronouns (e.g. el meu) mostly being used in their stead. However, mon, ton, and son are still widely used before certain nouns referring to family members and some affective nouns, such as amic, casa, and vida. Which nouns actually find use with the possessive determiners depends greatly on the locale.
The standard masculine plural form is mos, but mons can be found in some dialects.
Descendants
- Sicilian: mo (South Easy of Sicily, nearby Ragusa)
See also
- meu
References
- “món” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “mon”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “mon” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “mon” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Chinese
Alternative forms
- 芒
Etymology
From clipping of English monitor.
Pronunciation
Noun
mon
- (Cantonese, hardware) monitor; screen
- 4吋細mon／4吋细mon [Cantonese] ― sei4 cyun3 sai3 mon1 [Jyutping] ― 4-inch small screen
Verb
mon
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) to monitor (watch)
- 唔想下下俾人mon住 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
- m4 soeng2 haa5 haa5 bei2 jan4 mon zyu6 [Jyutping]
- don't want to be monitored every moment
References
- English Loanwords in Hong Kong Cantonese
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mon/, [ˈmɔn]
Etymology 1
From the (now obsolete) present of the modal verb monne (“may, might”), via a false interpretation of sentences like hvor mon han bo? (“where may he live?”) as hvor mon han bor? (“where, I wonder, does he live?”).
Adverb
mon
- I wonder
- Mon luftmodstanden kan være betydningsfuld?
- Might the air resistance be significant, I wonder?
- Nå, mon ikke de snart er færdige.
- Well, I wonder if they might be ready?
- Er det mon bare et spørgsmål om at opskrive alle tilfælde, og så udstrege alle de umulige?
- I wonder if if it is just a matter of enumerating all cases, and then excluding the impossible ones?
Usage notes
The adverb is only used in direct or indirect questions. It is usually located in the second place in the sentence, i.e. where one would expect to find the finite verb (cf. the etymology). The finite, on the other hand, is placed in the second part of the sentence, where one would expect to find an infinitive.
Synonyms
- monstro
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
mon
- (obsolete) present tense singular of monne
French
Etymology
From Middle French mon, from Old French mun, mon, meon, from Vulgar Latin, Late Latin mum, a reduced variant of Latin meum, accusative masculine and neuter singular of meus. Probably influenced by Gaulish mon.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mɔ̃/, (before a vowel) /mɔ̃.n‿/, /mɔ.n‿/
audio (file)
Determiner
mon m (feminine ma, plural mes)
- (possessive) my (used to qualify masculine nouns and vowel-initial words regardless of gender)
- J'ai perdu mon chapeau.
- I lost my hat.
- La décision a été prise pendant mon absence.
- The decision was taken in my absence.
- Followed by rank, obligatory way of addressing a (male) superior officer within the military. (Folk etymology: military-specific short for "monsieur".)
Usage notes
Mon is used before all singular nouns beginning with a vowel or a mute H, even those that are feminine. However, ma is used with singular feminine nouns beginning with an aspirated H.
Derived terms
- mondit
Related terms
| Possessee | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||||
| Masculine | Feminine | |||||
| Possessor | Singular | First person | mon1 | ma | mes | |
| Second person | ton1 | ta | tes | |||
| Third person | son1 | sa | ses | |||
| Plural | First person | notre | nos | |||
| Second person | votre2 | vos2 | ||||
| Third person | leur | leurs | ||||
- 1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel or mute h.
- 2 Also used as the polite singular form.
Descendants
- Louisiana Creole French: mô
Further reading
- “mon”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- nom
Guinea-Bissau Creole
Etymology
From Portuguese mão. Cognate with Kabuverdianu mon.
Noun
mon
- hand
Japanese
Romanization
mon
- Rōmaji transcription of もん
Kabuverdianu
Etymology
From Portuguese mão.
Noun
mon
- hand
Kalasha
Noun
mon
- a language
Middle English
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old English mann, from Proto-West Germanic *mann, from Proto-Germanic *mann-, from Proto-Indo-European *mon-.
Alternative forms
- man, manne, mæn, monne
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mɔn/, /man/
Noun
mon (plural men)
- man (male human)
- human, person
- c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, James 1:12, page 109v, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:
- bleſſid is þe man þat ſuffriþ temptacioun / foꝛ whanne he ſchal be pꝛeued .· he ſchal reſſeyue þe coꝛoun of lijf · which god bihiȝte to men þat louen hym
- A person who endures temptation is blessed, because when they've been tested, they'll receive the crown of life that God promised to the people who love him.
-
Synonyms
- (man): gome, wer
- (person): persoun
Related terms
- bedeman
- foman
- fotman
- frendman
- henxman
- herdeman
- hirdman
- hire man
- horsman
- jorneman
- lege man
- lemman
- lewed man
- loresman
- manful
- manly
- manquellere
- manrede
- myster man
- schipman
- seeman
- sherman
- tylman
- womman
- yoman
Descendants
- English: man
- Tok Pisin: man
- → Chinese: man
- → Chinook Jargon: man
- → Korean: 맨 (maen)
- → Spanish: man
- → Thai: แมน (mɛɛn)
- → Volapük: man
- English: -man
- Sranan Tongo: -man
- → French: -man
- → Japanese: マン (-man)
- → Welsh: -mon
- Scots: man
- Yola: man
Pronoun
mon
- Alternative form of man (“one, you”)
Noun
mon
- Alternative form of mone (“moon”)
Verb
mon
- Alternative form of mone (“shall”)
Verb
mon
- Alternative form of monen (“to remember”)
Verb
mon
- Alternative form of monen (“to lament”)
Northern Sami
Pronunciation
- (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈmon/
Pronoun
mon
- nominative of mun
Occitan
Alternative forms
- moun (Mistralian)
Etymology
From Old Occitan mon, from Vulgar Latin mum, a reduced variant of Latin meum.
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Determiner
mon m sg (feminine singular ma, masculine plural mos, feminine plural mas)
- my
- Synonyms: meu, mieu
References
- Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2016, page 389.
Old French
Alternative forms
- moun (Anglo-Norman)
- mun (Anglo-Norman)
- meon (very early Old French; Oaths of Strasbourg)
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin, Late Latin mum, a reduced variant of Latin meum, nominative neuter singular of meus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mun/
- Rhymes: -on
Determiner
mon m (feminine ma, plural mes)
- my (first-person singular possessive)
Descendants
- French: mon
Old Occitan
Etymology 1
From Vulgar Latin, Late Latin mum, a reduced variant of Latin meum, nominative neuter singular of meus.
Alternative forms
- mo
Adjective
mon m (feminine ma)
- my (belonging to me)
Descendants
- Occitan: mon
Etymology 2
From Latin mundus.
Noun
mon m (oblique plural mons, nominative singular mons, nominative plural mon)
- world
- circa 1145, Bernard de Ventadour, Anc no gardei sazo ni mes:
- Tota gens ditz que Vianes
Es la melher terra del mon- Everyone says that Vianes
is the best land in the world
- Everyone says that Vianes
-
Descendants
- Catalan: món
- Occitan: mond
Scots
Noun
mon
- man
Skolt Sami
Etymology
From Proto-Samic *monë.
Pronoun
mon
- I
Further reading
- Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Swedish
Noun
mon
- definite singular of mo.
Tok Pisin
Noun
mon
- tree that bears fruit or nuts
Volapük
Noun
mon (uncountable mons)
- money
Declension
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | mon |
| genitive | mona |
| dative | mone |
| accusative | moni |
| predicative | monu |
| vocative | omon! |