moisir
French
Etymology
From Latin mūcēre (“be mouldy”), from mūcus. For the regular phonetic evolution of pretonic long ū to o, see oignon, foison, froment. For the regular phonetic evolution of -ēre > -ir after palatalized -c-, see gésir, loisir, plaisir.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mwa.ziʁ/
Audio (file)
Verb
moisir
- (ergative) (to cause) to go mouldy, to moulder
- (informal) to hang around, to gather dust
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of moisir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | moisir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | moisissant /mwa.zi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | moisi /mwa.zi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | moisis /mwa.zi/ | moisis /mwa.zi/ | moisit /mwa.zi/ | moisissons /mwa.zi.sɔ̃/ | moisissez /mwa.zi.se/ | moisissent /mwa.zis/ |
| imperfect | moisissais /mwa.zi.sɛ/ | moisissais /mwa.zi.sɛ/ | moisissait /mwa.zi.sɛ/ | moisissions /mwa.zi.sjɔ̃/ | moisissiez /mwa.zi.sje/ | moisissaient /mwa.zi.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | moisis /mwa.zi/ | moisis /mwa.zi/ | moisit /mwa.zi/ | moisîmes /mwa.zim/ | moisîtes /mwa.zit/ | moisirent /mwa.ziʁ/ | |
| future | moisirai /mwa.zi.ʁe/ | moisiras /mwa.zi.ʁa/ | moisira /mwa.zi.ʁa/ | moisirons /mwa.zi.ʁɔ̃/ | moisirez /mwa.zi.ʁe/ | moisiront /mwa.zi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | moisirais /mwa.zi.ʁɛ/ | moisirais /mwa.zi.ʁɛ/ | moisirait /mwa.zi.ʁɛ/ | moisirions /mwa.zi.ʁjɔ̃/ | moisiriez /mwa.zi.ʁje/ | moisiraient /mwa.zi.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | moisisse /mwa.zis/ | moisisses /mwa.zis/ | moisisse /mwa.zis/ | moisissions /mwa.zi.sjɔ̃/ | moisissiez /mwa.zi.sje/ | moisissent /mwa.zis/ |
| imperfect2 | moisisse /mwa.zis/ | moisisses /mwa.zis/ | moisît /mwa.zi/ | moisissions /mwa.zi.sjɔ̃/ | moisissiez /mwa.zi.sje/ | moisissent /mwa.zis/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | moisis /mwa.zi/ | — | moisissons /mwa.zi.sɔ̃/ | moisissez /mwa.zi.se/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
- moule
Further reading
- “moisir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.