mitochondrion

See also: Mitochondrion

English

Mitochondria in the lungs of a mammal.

Etymology

Coined in German by Carl Benda in 1898, from Ancient Greek μίτος (mítos, “thread”) + χονδρίον (khondríon), diminutive of χόνδρος (khóndros, “grain, morsel”)

Noun

mitochondrion (plural mitochondria or mitochondrions)

(cytology) A spherical or ovoid organelle found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and containing genetic material separate from that of the host; it is responsible for the conversion of food to usable energy in the form of ATP.
- 1902 February 1, W. J. Baumgartner, “Spermatid Transformations in Gryllus assimilis, with Special Reference to the Nebenkern”, in Kansas University Science Bulletin, volume 1, number 2:
  The consideration of the mitochondrion in the spermatocytes I shall pass over, as it is not within the bounds of this paper; yet I hope to study the earlier generations of my material, and shall then compare the results.

Coordinate terms

hydrogenosome
mitosome
plastid

Derived terms

mitochondrial
mitogenome
mitogenomic
mitogenomics
mitosome

Translations

respiratory organelle

Arabic: مِيتُوكُنْدْرِيُون‎ m (mītūkundriyūn), مُتَقَدِّرَة‎ f (mutaqaddira), مُصَوِّرَة حَيَوِيَّة‎ f (muṣawwira(t) ḥayawiyya), حُبَيْبَة خَيْطِيَّة‎ f (ḥubayba(t) ḵayṭiyya)
Armenian: միտոքոնդրիում (hy) (mitokʿondrium)
Azerbaijani: mitoxondri
Bashkir: митохондрия (mitoxondriya)
Bengali: মাইটোকন্ড্রিয়া (maiṭokônḍriya)
Bulgarian: митохондрия f (mitohondrija)
Catalan: mitocondri m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 線粒體／线粒体 (zh) (xiànlìtǐ) (Mainland China), 粒線體／粒线体 (zh) (lìxiàntǐ) (Taiwan)
Czech: mitochondrie (cs) f
Danish: mitokondrie n
Dutch: mitochondrium (nl) n, mitochondrion n
Estonian: mitokonder
Finnish: mitokondrio (fi)
French: mitochondrie (fr) f
German: Mitochondrium (de) n, Mitochondrion n
Greek: μιτοχόνδριο n (mitochóndrio)
Hebrew: מיטוכונדריון‎ (he) m (mitokhondrion)
Hindi: सूत्रकणिका (sūtrakaṇikā)
Hungarian: mitokondrium (hu)
Icelandic: hvatberi m
Indonesian: mitokondria n
Irish: miteacoindre f
Italian: mitocondrio (it) m
Japanese: ミトコンドリア (ja) (mitokondoria), 糸粒体 (ja) (shiryuutai)
Kazakh: митохондрия (mitoxondriä)
Khmer: មីតូកុងទ្រី (miitoukongtrii), មីតូកុងឌ្រី (miitoukongdrii)
Korean: 미토콘드리아 (mitokondeuria), 사립체 (saripche)
Kyrgyz: митохондрия (mitohondriya)
Macedonian: митохондрија f (mitohondrija)
Malay: mitokondrion
Maori: punaraungao
Norwegian:
Bokmål: mitokondrium (no) n, mitokondrie m
Nynorsk: mitokondrium n, mitokondrie m
Occitan: mitocondria f
Persian: میتوکندری‎ (mitokondri), راکیزه‎ (fa) (rakize)
Polish: mitochondrium (pl) m
Portuguese: mitocôndria (pt) f
Russian: митохо́ндрия (ru) f (mitoxóndrija)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: митохондрије f
Roman: mitohondrije f
Spanish: mitocondria (es) f
Swedish: mitokondrie (sv) c
Tagalog: sulidlawas
Thai: ไมโทคอนเดรีย (maitohkondàyreey)
Turkish: mitokondri (tr)
Ukrainian: мітохондрія f (mitoxondrija)
Vietnamese: ti thể (司體)