mirt
Latvian
Etymology
From Proto-Baltic *mir-, from the zero grade *mr̥- of Proto-Indo-European *mor-, *mer- (“to die”). An ancient derivation *mirtis (“death”) has been replaced by nāve (“death”) (q.v.), cf. Lithuanian mirtìs (“death”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [mīɾt]
(file) |
- IPA(key): [mîɾt]
(file) |
Verb
mirt (intr., 1st conj., pres. mirstu, mirsti, mirst, past miru)
- (of people) to die (to cease to live, to cease to exist biologically)
- mirt sirmā vecumā ― to die of old age (lit. in gray age)
- mirt dabiskā nāvē ― to die of (lit. in) natural death
- zēna vecāki ir miruši ― the boy's parents have died
- mirt badu ― to die of hunger, to suffer from hunger, to starve
- viņa tēvs mira nelabā nāvē: nosmaka rijā ― his father died a bad death: he suffocated in the barn
- viņš pāršķeļ milzim galvu un tad, nāvīgās žults nonāvēts, krīt uz savas vāles un mirst ― he splits the giant's head and, poisoned by the deadly gall, falls on his club and dies
- (of body parts) to die, to stop working
- pat pēkšņas nāves gadījumā dažādi organisma orgāni mirst pakāpeniski ― even in the case of sudden death, the various organs of the body die gradually
- (poetic, of animals, plants) to die (to cease to live, to cease to exist biologically)
- būs laiks, kad pēdējais no gulbjiem mirs ― there will be a time when the last of the swans will die
- apdegšas, mirušas ābeles stiepa pret debesīm melnas, sāpju pilnas zaru rokas ― burned, dead apple trees stretched to the sky the black, painful arms of (their) branches
- (figuratively, of social, natural phenomena; also ideas, thoughts, mental states) to die (to cease to exist)
- mirstošais fašisms ― the dying fascism
- tu droši vien zini, kā ir tad, kad mirst mīlestība ― you probably it is how it is (= what it is like) when love dies
- (figuratively, of ideas, thoughts, knowledge) to die (to be forgotten, to become insignificant, unimportant, pointless, meaningless)
- mirusa valoda ― dead language (no longer having native speakers)
- mīts par bijušo Kurzemes koloniju Gambiju bija miris jau sen ― the myth of the former Kurzeme colony of Gambia had died long ago
- (figuratively, of places) to die (to become uninhabited)
- mirusi planēta ― dead planet
- ir māja dzīva, nav tā mirusi, ja tajā tikšķot dzird vēl pulksteni ― a house is alive, not dead, if one still hears a clock ticking in it
Conjugation
conjugation of mirt
INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) | IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present (tagadne) | Past (pagātne) | Future (nākotne) | |||
1st pers. sg. | es | mirstu | miru | miršu | — |
2nd pers. sg. | tu | mirsti | miri | mirsi | mirsti |
3rd pers. sg. | viņš, viņa | mirst | mira | mirs | lai mirst |
1st pers. pl. | mēs | mirstam | mirām | mirsim | mirsim |
2nd pers. pl. | jūs | mirstat | mirāt | mirsiet, mirsit | mirstiet |
3rd pers. pl. | viņi, viņas | mirst | mira | mirs | lai mirst |
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) | PARTICIPLES (divdabji) | ||||
Present | mirstot | Present Active 1 (Adj.) | mirstošs | ||
Past | esot miris | Present Active 2 (Adv.) | mirdams | ||
Future | miršot | Present Active 3 (Adv.) | mirstot | ||
Imperative | lai mirstot | Present Active 4 (Obj.) | mirstam | ||
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) | Past Active | miris | |||
Present | mirtu | Present Passive | mirstams | ||
Past | būtu miris | Past Passive | mirts | ||
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) | NOMINAL FORMS | ||||
Indicative | (būt) jāmirst | Infinitive (nenoteiksme) | mirt | ||
Conjunctive 1 | esot jāmirst | Negative Infinitive | nemirt | ||
Conjunctive 2 | jāmirstot | Verbal noun | miršana |
Derived terms
- prefixed verbs:
- apmirt
- atmirt
- nomirt
- pamirt
Related terms
- mironis
- mirstīgs, mirstīgums
- mirstība
See also
- nāve
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “mirt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mirt/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -irt
- Syllabification: mirt
Noun
mirt m inan
- myrtle (shrub of the genus Myrtus)
Declension
Declension of mirt
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | mirt | mirty |
genitive | mirtu | mirtów |
dative | mirtowi | mirtom |
accusative | mirt | mirty |
instrumental | mirtem | mirtami |
locative | mircie | mirtach |
vocative | mircie | mirty |
Further reading
- mirt in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- mirt in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin myrtus, French myrte.
Noun
mirt m (plural mirți)
- myrtle
Declension
Declension of mirt
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) mirt | mirtul | (niște) mirți | mirții |
genitive/dative | (unui) mirt | mirtului | (unor) mirți | mirților |
vocative | mirtule | mirților |