abjurar
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin abiūrāre (“to abjure”).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /a.bi.ʒuˈɾa(ʁ)/ [a.bi.ʒuˈɾa(h)], /ab.ʒuˈɾa(ʁ)/ [ab.ʒuˈɾa(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /a.bi.ʒuˈɾa(ɾ)/, /ab.ʒuˈɾa(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /a.bi.ʒuˈɾa(ʁ)/ [a.bi.ʒuˈɾa(χ)], /ab.ʒuˈɾa(ʁ)/ [ab.ʒuˈɾa(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ab.ʒuˈɾa(ɻ)/, /a.bi.ʒuˈɾa(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐ.bʒuˈɾaɾ/ [ɐ.βʒuˈɾaɾ]
- Hyphenation: ab‧ju‧rar
Verb
abjurar (first-person singular present abjuro, first-person singular preterite abjurei, past participle abjurado)
- to abjure (to renounce upon oath)
- Synonyms: renunciar, retratar, desertar
Conjugation
Conjugation of abjurar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | abjurar | |||||
| Personal | abjurar | abjurares | abjurar | abjurarmos | abjurardes | abjurarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| abjurando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | abjurado | abjurados | ||||
| Feminine | abjurada | abjuradas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | abjuro | abjuras | abjura | abjuramos | abjurais | abjuram |
| Imperfect | abjurava | abjuravas | abjurava | abjurávamos | abjuráveis | abjuravam |
| Preterite | abjurei | abjuraste | abjurou | abjuramos1, abjurámos2 | abjurastes | abjuraram |
| Pluperfect | abjurara | abjuraras | abjurara | abjuráramos | abjuráreis | abjuraram |
| Future | abjurarei | abjurarás | abjurará | abjuraremos | abjurareis | abjurarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| abjuraria | abjurarias | abjuraria | abjuraríamos | abjuraríeis | abjurariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | abjure | abjures | abjure | abjuremos | abjureis | abjurem |
| Imperfect | abjurasse | abjurasses | abjurasse | abjurássemos | abjurásseis | abjurassem |
| Future | abjurar | abjurares | abjurar | abjurarmos | abjurardes | abjurarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | abjura | abjure | abjuremos | abjurai | abjurem | |
| Negative (não) | não abjures | não abjure | não abjuremos | não abjureis | não abjurem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Derived terms
- abjuramento
- abjurante
- abjuratório
Related terms
- abjurador
- abjuração
Further reading
- “abjurar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin abiūrāre, present active infinitive of abiūrō (“abjure”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /abxuˈɾaɾ/ [aβ̞.xuˈɾaɾ]
Audio (Colombia) (file) - Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: ab‧ju‧rar
Verb
abjurar (first-person singular present abjuro, first-person singular preterite abjuré, past participle abjurado)
- to abjure
Conjugation
Conjugation of abjurar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | abjurar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | abjurando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | abjurado | abjurada | |||||
| plural | abjurados | abjuradas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | abjuro | abjurastú abjurásvos | abjura | abjuramos | abjuráis | abjuran | |
| imperfect | abjuraba | abjurabas | abjuraba | abjurábamos | abjurabais | abjuraban | |
| preterite | abjuré | abjuraste | abjuró | abjuramos | abjurasteis | abjuraron | |
| future | abjuraré | abjurarás | abjurará | abjuraremos | abjuraréis | abjurarán | |
| conditional | abjuraría | abjurarías | abjuraría | abjuraríamos | abjuraríais | abjurarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | abjure | abjurestú abjurésvos2 | abjure | abjuremos | abjuréis | abjuren | |
| imperfect (ra) | abjurara | abjuraras | abjurara | abjuráramos | abjurarais | abjuraran | |
| imperfect (se) | abjurase | abjurases | abjurase | abjurásemos | abjuraseis | abjurasen | |
| future1 | abjurare | abjurares | abjurare | abjuráremos | abjurareis | abjuraren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | abjuratú abjurávos | abjure | abjuremos | abjurad | abjuren | ||
| negative | no abjures | no abjure | no abjuremos | no abjuréis | no abjuren | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of abjurar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive abjurar | |||||||
| dative | abjurarme | abjurarte | abjurarle, abjurarse | abjurarnos | abjuraros | abjurarles, abjurarse | |
| accusative | abjurarme | abjurarte | abjurarlo, abjurarla, abjurarse | abjurarnos | abjuraros | abjurarlos, abjurarlas, abjurarse | |
| with gerund abjurando | |||||||
| dative | abjurándome | abjurándote | abjurándole, abjurándose | abjurándonos | abjurándoos | abjurándoles, abjurándose | |
| accusative | abjurándome | abjurándote | abjurándolo, abjurándola, abjurándose | abjurándonos | abjurándoos | abjurándolos, abjurándolas, abjurándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative abjura | |||||||
| dative | abjúrame | abjúrate | abjúrale | abjúranos | not used | abjúrales | |
| accusative | abjúrame | abjúrate | abjúralo, abjúrala | abjúranos | not used | abjúralos, abjúralas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative abjurá | |||||||
| dative | abjurame | abjurate | abjurale | abjuranos | not used | abjurales | |
| accusative | abjurame | abjurate | abjuralo, abjurala | abjuranos | not used | abjuralos, abjuralas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative abjure | |||||||
| dative | abjúreme | not used | abjúrele, abjúrese | abjúrenos | not used | abjúreles | |
| accusative | abjúreme | not used | abjúrelo, abjúrela, abjúrese | abjúrenos | not used | abjúrelos, abjúrelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative abjuremos | |||||||
| dative | not used | abjurémoste | abjurémosle | abjurémonos | abjurémoos | abjurémosles | |
| accusative | not used | abjurémoste | abjurémoslo, abjurémosla | abjurémonos | abjurémoos | abjurémoslos, abjurémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative abjurad | |||||||
| dative | abjuradme | not used | abjuradle | abjuradnos | abjuraos | abjuradles | |
| accusative | abjuradme | not used | abjuradlo, abjuradla | abjuradnos | abjuraos | abjuradlos, abjuradlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative abjuren | |||||||
| dative | abjúrenme | not used | abjúrenle | abjúrennos | not used | abjúrenles, abjúrense | |
| accusative | abjúrenme | not used | abjúrenlo, abjúrenla | abjúrennos | not used | abjúrenlos, abjúrenlas, abjúrense | |
Related terms
- abjuración
Further reading
- “abjurar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014