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单词 anemia
释义

anemia

See also: anémia, anèmia, anêmia, and anemią

English

Alternative forms

  • anaemia (British)
  • anæmia (British, rare)

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἀναιμία (anaimía), from ἀν- (an-, “not”) + αἷμα (haîma, “blood”) +‎ -ia; those roots are the basis of the English combining forms an- + -aemia/-emia.

Pronunciation

  • (US) IPA(key): /əˈnimi.ə/
    • Audio (UK)(file)

Noun

anemia (countable and uncountable, plural anemias or anemiae or anemiæ)

  1. (American spelling, uncountable, pathology) A medical condition in which the capacity of the blood to transport oxygen to the tissues is reduced, either because of too few red blood cells, or because of too little hemoglobin, resulting in pallor and fatigue.
  2. (countable, pathology) A disease or condition that has anemia as a symptom.
    Pernicious anemia and sickle-cell anemia are two anemias.
  3. (obsolete) Ischemia. [19th–mid-20th c.]

Usage notes

In 21st century medical terminology, anemia never means ischemia, although in 19th through mid-20th century medical usage, it sometimes did.

Derived terms

  • achlorhydric anemia
  • acquired hemolytic anemia
  • anemic
  • aplastic anemia
  • autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  • Diamond-Blackfan anemia
  • Fanconi anemia
  • hemolytic anemia
  • hyperchromic anemia
  • hypochromic anemia
  • pernicious anemia
  • sickle-cell anemia

Translations

See also

  • ischemia

Anagrams

  • Amenia, amaine, menaia

Asturian

Noun

anemia f (uncountable)

  1. anemia (medical condition with decreased oxygen transport)

Esperanto

Etymology

From anemio +‎ -a.

Pronunciation

  • Audio(file)
  • IPA(key): [aneˈmia]
  • Rhymes: -ia
  • Hyphenation: a‧ne‧mi‧a

Adjective

anemia (accusative singular anemian, plural anemiaj, accusative plural anemiajn)

  1. anemic (in literal and figurative senses)
    • (Can we date this quote?), Solomon Cins (translator), Kiel ŝtalo estis hardata (Как закалялась сталь / How the Steel was Tempered) by Nikolai Ostrovsky, Book 2, Chapter 9,
      Finiĝis vintro, printempo malfermis fenestrojn, kaj anemia Korĉagin, restinta viva post la lasta operacio, komprenis, ke plu resti en la kliniko li ne povas.
      Winter came to an end, spring opened windows, and the anemic Korchagin, having survived the last operation, understood that he could no longer remain at the clinic.
    • 2003, Vilhelmo Lutermano (translator), “Promesitaj teroj de Venezuelo” by Maurice Lemoine, Le Monde Diplomatique, October 1, 2003,
      Sur etaj unuhektaraj parceloj, kampuloj plantas anemian maizon kaj vivas de la Sankta Spirito.
      On little one-hectare plots, peasants plant anemic maize and live by the Holy Spirit.

Finnish

Etymology

Internationalism (see English anemia), ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀναιμία (anaimía).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑnemiɑ/, [ˈɑne̞ˌmiɑ]
  • Rhymes: -iɑ
  • Syllabification(key): a‧ne‧mi‧a

Noun

anemia

  1. anemia

Declension

Inflection of anemia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominativeanemiaanemiat
genitiveanemiananemioiden
anemioitten
partitiveanemiaaanemioita
illativeanemiaananemioihin
singularplural
nominativeanemiaanemiat
accusativenom.anemiaanemiat
gen.anemian
genitiveanemiananemioiden
anemioitten
anemiainrare
partitiveanemiaaanemioita
inessiveanemiassaanemioissa
elativeanemiastaanemioista
illativeanemiaananemioihin
adessiveanemiallaanemioilla
ablativeanemialtaanemioilta
allativeanemialleanemioille
essiveanemianaanemioina
translativeanemiaksianemioiksi
instructive—anemioin
abessiveanemiattaanemioitta
comitative—anemioineen
Possessive forms of anemia (type kulkija)
possessorsingularplural
1st personanemianianemiamme
2nd personanemiasianemianne
3rd personanemiansa

Synonyms

  • heikkoverisyys
  • vähäverisyys

Derived terms

  • aneeminen
  • aneemisuus
  • pernisiöösi anemia
  • sirppisoluanemia

Anagrams

  • aamein, aamien, meinaa

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch anemie, from Ancient Greek ἀναιμία (anaimía), ἀν- (an-, “not”) + αἷμα (haîma, “blood”) +‎ -ia.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈanemia̯], [ˈanemi]
  • Hyphenation: ané‧mia

Noun

anémia (first-person possessive anemiaku, second-person possessive anemiamu, third-person possessive anemianya)

  1. (hematology, pathology) anemia

Derived terms

  • anemia aplastik
  • anemia defisiensi besi
  • anemia gizi
  • anemia hemolitik
  • anemia hipoplastik
  • anemia kronis
  • anemia megaloblastik
  • anemia pernisius
  • anemia sel sabit
  • anemia tersembunyi

Further reading

  • “anemia” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Interlingua

Noun

anemia (plural anemias)

  1. anemia
  • anemic

Italian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /a.neˈmi.a/
  • Rhymes: -ia
  • Hyphenation: a‧ne‧mì‧a

Noun

anemia f (plural anemie)

  1. (pathology) anemia

Derived terms

  • anemico

Anagrams

  • emanai

Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀναιμία (anaimía).[1] By surface analysis, an- +‎ -emia. First attested in the 19th century.[2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /aˈnɛm.ja/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛmja
  • Syllabification: a‧nem‧ia

Noun

anemia f

  1. (pathology) anemia
    Synonym: niedokrwistość
    ciężka/silna anemia ― severe anemia
    zapobiegać anemii ― to prevent anemia
    leczyć anemię ― to treat anemia
    zwalczać anemii ― to combat anemia

Declension

Declension of anemia
singular
nominativeanemia
genitiveanemii
dativeanemii
accusativeanemię
instrumentalanemią
locativeanemii
vocativeanemio

Derived terms

adjective
  • anemiczny
adverb
  • anemicznie
nouns
  • anemia aplastyczna
  • anemia sierpowata
  • anemiczka
  • anemiczność
  • anemik
  • anemizacja

References

  1. Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
  2. Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “anemja”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • Pęzik, Piotr; Przepiórkowski, A.; Bańko, M.; Górski, R.; Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, B (2012) Wyszukiwarka PELCRA dla danych NKJP. Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego [National Polish Language Corpus, PELCRA search engine]‎, Wydawnictwo PWN

Further reading

  • anemia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • anemia in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “anemja”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 36
  • anemia in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Portuguese

Noun

anemia f (plural anemias)

  1. (pathology) anemia (medical condition with decreased oxygen transport)

Romanian

Etymology

From French anémier.

Verb

a anemia (third-person singular present anemiează, past participle anemiat) 1st conj.

  1. to make, or to become anemic

Conjugation

    conjugation of anemia (first conjugation, -ez- infix)
infinitivea anemia
gerundanemiind
past participleanemiat
numbersingularplural
person1st person2nd person3rd person1st person2nd person3rd person
indicativeeutuel/eanoivoiei/ele
presentanemiezanemiezianemiazăanemiemanemiațianemiază
imperfectanemiamanemiaianemiaanemiamanemiațianemiau
simple perfectanemiaianemiașianemieanemiarămanemiarățianemiară
pluperfectanemiasemanemiaseșianemiaseanemiaserămanemiaserățianemiaseră
subjunctiveeutuel/eanoivoiei/ele
presentsă anemiezsă anemiezisă anemiezesă anemiemsă anemiațisă anemieze
imperative—tu——voi—
affirmativeanemiazăanemiați
negativenu anemianu anemiați

Spanish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἀναιμία (anaimía).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /aˈnemja/ [aˈne.mja]
  • Rhymes: -emja
  • Syllabification: a‧ne‧mia

Noun

anemia f (plural anemias)

  1. (pathology) anemia

Derived terms

  • anémico

Further reading

  • “anemia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014


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Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from English anemia.

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Noun

anemia (n class, plural anemia)

  1. anemia
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