menacer
English
Etymology
menace + -er
Noun
menacer (plural menacers)
- One who menaces.
- 1921, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Tarzan the Terrible:
- Like a frightened deer Pan-at-lee cast a single startled look at these menacers of her freedom and leaped quickly toward the bushes in an effort to escape […]
-
Anagrams
- acremen
French
Etymology
From Old French menacier, manecier, from Vulgar Latin *mināciāre, from Latin minācia (“threat”). Equivalent to menace + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mə.na.se/
audio (file)
Verb
menacer
- to threaten, to jeopardise
- to endanger, to menace
Conjugation
This verb is part of a group of -er verbs for which 'c' is softened to a 'ç' before the vowels 'a' and 'o'.
Conjugation of menacer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | menacer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | menaçant /mə.na.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | menacé /mə.na.se/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | menace /mə.nas/ | menaces /mə.nas/ | menace /mə.nas/ | menaçons /mə.na.sɔ̃/ | menacez /mə.na.se/ | menacent /mə.nas/ |
| imperfect | menaçais /mə.na.sɛ/ | menaçais /mə.na.sɛ/ | menaçait /mə.na.sɛ/ | menacions /mə.na.sjɔ̃/ | menaciez /mə.na.sje/ | menaçaient /mə.na.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | menaçai /mə.na.se/ | menaças /mə.na.sa/ | menaça /mə.na.sa/ | menaçâmes /mə.na.sam/ | menaçâtes /mə.na.sat/ | menacèrent /mə.na.sɛʁ/ | |
| future | menacerai /mə.na.sʁe/ | menaceras /mə.na.sʁa/ | menacera /mə.na.sʁa/ | menacerons /mə.na.sʁɔ̃/ | menacerez /mə.na.sʁe/ | menaceront /mə.na.sʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | menacerais /mə.na.sʁɛ/ | menacerais /mə.na.sʁɛ/ | menacerait /mə.na.sʁɛ/ | menacerions /mə.na.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ | menaceriez /mə.na.sə.ʁje/ | menaceraient /mə.na.sʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | menace /mə.nas/ | menaces /mə.nas/ | menace /mə.nas/ | menacions /mə.na.sjɔ̃/ | menaciez /mə.na.sje/ | menacent /mə.nas/ |
| imperfect2 | menaçasse /mə.na.sas/ | menaçasses /mə.na.sas/ | menaçât /mə.na.sa/ | menaçassions /mə.na.sa.sjɔ̃/ | menaçassiez /mə.na.sa.sje/ | menaçassent /mə.na.sas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | menace /mə.nas/ | — | menaçons /mə.na.sɔ̃/ | menacez /mə.na.se/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- menacer ruine
Related terms
- menace
Further reading
- “menacer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.