andabata
See also: anadabatą
Latin
Etymology
Unknown. One proposed source is Ancient Greek ἀναβάτης (anabátēs, “mounted one, horseman, rider”). Another proposed source is the Celtic language Gaulish, from an unattested compound word derived from the same root as Indo-Iranian *andʰás (“blind, dark”) combined with a second element that could either be related to battuo or derive from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂- (“to go”), which gave rise in some Celtic languages to words related to death such as Old Irish atbaill (“perish, die”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /anˈdaː.ba.ta/, [än̪ˈd̪äːbät̪ä] or IPA(key): /anˈda.ba.ta/, [än̪ˈd̪äbät̪ä]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /anˈda.ba.ta/, [än̪ˈd̪äːbät̪ä]
- Due to the uncertain etymology and scarce attestation of the word, the vowel lengths do not appear to be definitely known. Lewis and Short gives andābătă while Gaffiot gives andăbătă.
Noun
andā̆bata m (genitive andā̆batae); first declension (uncommon)
- a gladiator who fought wearing a helmet without openings for the eyes
- 62 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares 7.10:
- Sed tū in rē mīlitārī multō es cautior quam in advocātiōnibus, quī neque in Ōceanō natāre voluerīs studiōsissimus homō natandī neque spectāre essedāriōs, quem anteā nē andabatā quidem dēfraudāre poterāmus. Sed iam satis iocātī sumus.
- But you're much more cautious in military concerns than in counsel, who neither wished to swim in the Ocean, a man so keen on swimming, nor to watch those charioteers, whom we could not deprive before even of the enjoyment of a blindfolded gladiator. But we've already joked enough.
- Sed tū in rē mīlitārī multō es cautior quam in advocātiōnibus, quī neque in Ōceanō natāre voluerīs studiōsissimus homō natandī neque spectāre essedāriōs, quem anteā nē andabatā quidem dēfraudāre poterāmus. Sed iam satis iocātī sumus.
Declension
First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | andābata | andābatae |
| Genitive | andābatae | andābatārum |
| Dative | andābatae | andābatīs |
| Accusative | andābatam | andābatās |
| Ablative | andābatā | andābatīs |
| Vocative | andābata | andābatae |
Descendants
- → Polish: andabata (learned)
References
- Watkins, Calvert (1983) “‘Blind’ in Celtic and Romance.” Ériu, vol. 34, pp. 113–16. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/30007747. Accessed 14 Oct. 2022. Page 115.
Further reading
- “andabata”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “andabata”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- andabata in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Polish
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin andabata.[1][2] First attested in 1612.[3]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /an.daˈba.ta/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ata
- Syllabification: an‧da‧ba‧ta
Noun
andabata m pers
- (Ancient Rome, historical) andabatae (gladiator who fought wearing a helmet without openings for the eyes)
Declension
Declension of andabata
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | andabata | andabaci |
| genitive | andabaty | andabatów |
| dative | andabacie | andabatom |
| accusative | andabatę | andabatów |
| instrumental | andabatą | andabatami |
| locative | andabacie | andabatach |
| vocative | andabato | andabaci |
References
- Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
- Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “andabata”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
- Krystyna Siekierska (14.06.2016), “ANDABATA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
Further reading
- andabata in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- andabata in Polish dictionaries at PWN