anchovy

anchovy

English

line drawing of a common European anchovy

Wikispecies

Etymology

From Spanish anchoa, from Genoese Ligurian anciôa or related Corsican anchjuva, anciua. The term's ultimate origin is unclear; some suggest it may have derived from an unattested Vulgar Latin term *apiuva, from Latin aphyē, apua, from Ancient Greek ἀφύη (aphúē) (which may be formed like Sanskrit अभ्व (ábhva-, “monster”))[1]; others suggest it comes from Basque antxu, anchu (“dried fish”), from anchuva (“dry”),[2] if that Basque term is not itself derived from Latin via some intermediary.[3]

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈæn.t͡ʃə.vi/, /ˈæn.t͡ʃəʊ.vi/, /ænˈt͡ʃəʊ.vi/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ænˈt͡ʃoʊ.vi/

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• Rhymes: -əʊvi

Noun

anchovy (plural anchovies)

1. Any small saltwater fish of the Engraulidae family, consisting of 160 species in 16 genera, of which the genus Engraulis is widely sold as food.

Derived terms

• anchovette
• anchovylike
• anchovy pear
• anchovy toast

 

Translations

small saltwater fish

Abkhaz: ақамашьи́а (akamašía) Arabic: أَنْشُوفة‎ f (ʾanšūfa), بَلَم‎ m (balam) Armenian: անչոուս (ančʿous), անձրուկ (hy) (anjruk) Middle Armenian: խամսի (xamsi) Asturian: bocarte (ast) m, (as food) anchoa (ast) f Azerbaijani: ançous Basque: antxoa, bokarta Bikol Central: bulinaw Breton: genougamm m Bulgarian: аншоа́ (bg) f (anšoá), ха́мсия f (hámsija) Catalan: seitó (ca) m, anxova (ca) f Chinese: Mandarin: 鳳尾魚／凤尾鱼 (zh) (fèngwěiyú), 鯷／鳀 (zh) (tí) Cornish: ganowek m Corsican: anchjuva f, anciua f Czech: ančovička (cs) f, sardel (cs) f Danish: ansjos (da) c Dutch: ansjovis (nl) m Esperanto: sardelo, anĉovo Estonian: anšoovis (et) Faroese: ansjós f Finnish: (fish) sardelli (fi), (as food) anjovis (fi) French: anchois (fr) m Galician: bocareu (gl) m, bocarte (gl) m, (as food) anchoa (gl) f Georgian: ქაფშია (kapšia) German: Sardelle (de) f Greek: γαύρος (el) m (gávros) Hebrew: אַנְשׁוֹבִי‎ m (anshóvi), עַפְיָן‎ (he) m ('afyán) Hungarian: szardella (hu), ajóka (hu) Icelandic: ansjósa (is) f Indonesian: bilis (id) Interlingua: anchoa Irish: ainseabhaí m Italian: alice (it) f, acciuga (it) f Japanese: 片口鰯, カタクチイワシ (katakuchi-iwashi), アンチョビ (anchobi), アンチョビー (anchobī) Karelian: ančoussu Korean: 멸치 (ko) (myeolchi) Latvian: anšovs m Ligurian: anciôa f Lithuanian: ančiuvis m Lombard: Eastern: anciùa f Western: inciòda f, incioda (lmo) f Luxembourgish: Anchois (lb) f Malay: bilis Manx: ançhovee m Maori: kokowhāwhā, korowhāwhā Norwegian: ansjos m Occitan: anchòia (oc) f Old Occitan: anchoia f Persian: آنچوی‎ (ânčovi) Piedmontese: anciova f Polish: sardela (pl) f, anchois (pl) n Portuguese: anchova (pt) f, enchova (pt) f Romanian: sardele f, hamsie (ro) f, anșoa (ro) f Russian: анчо́ус (ru) m (ančóus), хамса́ (ru) f (xamsá) Saanich: łáʔləs Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: ѝнћӯн m Roman: ìnćūn m Sicilian: anciova (scn) f, ancioa (scn) f Spanish: anchoa (es) f, boquerón (es) m, bocarte m Swedish: sardell (sv) c Tagalog: dilis (tl), dulis, balawbalaw Turkish: hamsi (tr) Venetian: inciò (vec) m, anciò m Vietnamese: cá cơm Volapük: najov Welsh: brwyniad m

References

1. Michael Meier-Brügger, “Griechisch ἀφύη ‘Bratfischchen’, ved. ábhva- ‘Unding’, myk. a-phu-”, Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft 52 (1991): 123–5.
2. Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “anchovy”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
3. Robert Lawrence Trask, The History of Basque