matar
Aragonese
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
matar
- (transitive) to kill
References
- Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002), “matar”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN
Asturian
Etymology
Most likely from Latin mactāre, present active infinitive of mactō (through a Vulgar Latin root *mattāre). Alternatively, possibly from Vulgar Latin *mattāre, from Late Latin mattus (“drunk, intoxicated”), related to madidus.
Verb
matar (first-person singular indicative present mato, past participle matáu)
- to kill
Conjugation
infinitive | matar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | matando | ||||||
past participle | m matáu, f matada, n matao, m pl mataos, f pl mataes | ||||||
person | first singular yo | second singular tu | third singular él/elli | first plural nosotros/nós | second plural vosotros/vós | third plural ellos | |
indicative | present | mato | mates | mata | matamos | matáis | maten |
imperfect | mataba | matabes | mataba | matábemos, matábamos | matabeis, matabais | mataben | |
preterite | maté | matasti, matesti | mató | matemos | matastis, matestis | mataron | |
pluperfect | matare, matara | matares, mataras | matare, matara | matáremos, matáramos | matareis, matarais | mataren, mataran | |
future | mataré | matarás | matará | mataremos | mataréis | matarán | |
conditional | mataría | mataríes | mataría | mataríemos, mataríamos | mataríeis, mataríais | mataríen | |
subjunctive | present | mate | mates, matas | mate | matemos | matéis | maten, matan |
imperfect | matare, matara | matares, mataras | matare, matara | matáremos, matáramos | matareis, matarais | mataren, mataran | |
imperative | — | mata | — | — | matái | — |
Related terms
- matar
Catalan
Etymology
Most likely from Latin mactāre, present active infinitive of mactō (through a Vulgar Latin root *mattāre). Alternatively, possibly from Vulgar Latin *mattāre, from Late Latin mattus (“drunk, intoxicated”), related to madidus.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /məˈta/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /maˈtaɾ/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
Verb
matar (first-person singular present mato, past participle matat)
- to kill
- Synonym: (formal) occir
- to extinguish
- Synonyms: extingir, apagar
Conjugation
The past participle can optionally be mort.
infinitive | matar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | matant | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | matat | matada | |||||
plural | matats | matades | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
present | mato | mates | mata | matem | mateu | maten | |
imperfect | matava | mataves | matava | matàvem | matàveu | mataven | |
future | mataré | mataràs | matarà | matarem | matareu | mataran | |
preterite | matí | matares | matà | matàrem | matàreu | mataren | |
conditional | mataria | mataries | mataria | mataríem | mataríeu | matarien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
present | mati | matis | mati | matem | mateu | matin | |
imperfect | matés | matessis | matés | matéssim | matéssiu | matessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
— | mata | mati | matem | mateu | matin |
Derived terms
- matablat
- matabou
- matacabrit
- matador
- matadura
- matafred
- matagent
- matallops
- matament
- matamosques
- matança
- mataparent
- matapoll
Further reading
- “matar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “matar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “matar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “matar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese matar, most likely from Latin mactāre, present active infinitive of mactō (through a Vulgar Latin root *mattāre). Alternatively, possibly from Vulgar Latin *mattāre, from Late Latin mattus (“drunk, intoxicated”), related to madidus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /maˈtaɾ/
Verb
matar (first-person singular present mato, first-person singular preterite matei, past participle matado)
- (transitive) to kill
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to accidently kill oneself
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to commit suicide
- Synonym: suicidar
- (takes a reflexive pronoun, figurative) to kill oneself (exert oneself)
- Non te mates a barrer as follas agora; esta noite vai ventar. ― Don't kill yourself raking the leaves now; we're due for a windstorm tonight.
- (transitive) to extinguish, turn off, quench
- Synonym: apagar
- first/third-person singular future subjunctive of matar
- first/third-person singular personal infinitive of matar
Conjugation
singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
impersonal | matar | |||||
personal | matar | matares | matar | matarmos | matardes | mataren |
Gerund | ||||||
matando | ||||||
Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
masculine | matado | matados | ||||
feminine | matada | matadas | ||||
Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
present | mato | matas | mata | matamos | matades | matan |
imperfect | mataba | matabas | mataba | matabamos | matabades | mataban |
preterite | matei | mataches | matou | matamos | matastes | mataron |
pluperfect | matara | mataras | matara | mataramos | matarades | mataran |
future | matarei | matarás | matará | mataremos | mataredes | matarán |
conditional | mataría | matarías | mataría | matariamos | matariades | matarían |
Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
present | mate | mates | mate | matemos | matedes | maten |
preterite | matase | matases | matase | matásemos | matásedes | matasen |
future | matar | matares | matar | matarmos | matardes | mataren |
Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
affirmative | – | mata | mate | matemos | matade | maten |
negative | – | mates | mate | matemos | matedes | maten |
Related terms
- matachín
- matadoiro
- matador
References
- “matar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “matar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “matar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “matar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “matar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Ladino
Verb
matar (Latin spelling)
- to kill
Portuguese
Alternative forms
- mattar (obsolete)
- matá (eye dialect, Brazilian)
Etymology
From Old Portuguese matar, probably from Latin mactāre (through Vulgar Latin *mattāre). The development of -ct- would be irregular, however. Hence possibly derived from or influenced by Late Latin mattus (“drunk, intoxicated”), related to madidus. Another possibility is an influence by Arabic مَاتَ (māta, “to die”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /maˈta(ʁ)/ [maˈta(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /maˈta(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /maˈta(ʁ)/ [maˈta(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /maˈta(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /mɐˈtaɾ/
- Hyphenation: ma‧tar
Verb
matar (first-person singular present mato, first-person singular preterite matei, past participle matado, short past participle morto)
- to kill (to cause to die)
- Mataram-no a tiros! ― They shot him dead! (literally, “[They] killed him with gunshots!”)
- A geada matará a plantação. ― The frost will kill the crop.
- Ela matou-se com a faca. ― She killed herself with the knife.
- Synonym: assassinar
- (figurative, transitive) to kill; to eradicate; to destroy
- Matou-lhe as esperanças ― He killed his hopes.
- Synonyms: erradicar, destruir, acabar com
- (figurative, informal, transitive) to kill (to cause extreme pain, distress or exhaustion in)
- Minhas pernas estão me matando ― My legs are killing me!
- Essas palavras matam! ― These words kill!
- Synonyms: acabar com, detonar, quebrar, arrebentar
- (transitive) to kill (to write a story that conveys the death of)
- Hobbes matara o positivismo acerca da revolução. ― Hobbes had killed the positivism surrounding the revolution.
- (figurative, transitive) to satisfy, to satiate, to quench (to fulfil an emotional or physiological need)
- Antes de matar meu desejo de caminhar, preciso matar minha sede. ― Before I satisfy my desire to walk, I need to quench my thirst.
- Synonyms: saciar, satisfazer
- (figurative, takes a reflexive pronoun) to break one's back (to make a great effort)
- O homem se matava para sustentar a família. ― The man broke his back providing for his family.
- Synonym: arrebentar-se
- (colloquial, transitive) to spend [a period of time] doing unimportant things
- A escola ficou fechada hoje; tive o dia inteiro para matar. ― School was closed today; I had the entire day to goof around.
- Synonym: passar
- (Brazil, slang, transitive) to skip (not to be present in a class)
- Os alunos mataram a aula de geografia. ― The students skipped geography class.
- Synonym: faltar
- (informal, transitive) to solve (to find the solution to a mystery)
- Finalmente matei a charada. ― I have finally solved the riddle.
- Synonyms: resolver, solucionar
- (Brazil, slang, transitive) to consume something entirely (especially an alcoholic drink); to knock down
- Matamos uns cascos para relaxar. ― We knocked down a few forties to relax.
- (sports, transitive) to stop a moving ball
- Passei de longe para o atacante, que matou a bola no peito. ― I passed the ball to the striker from a distance; he then stopped it with his chest.
- Synonym: parar
- (cue sports, transitive) to pocket (to cause a ball to go into one of the pockets of the table)
- Ela sempre mata duas ou três bolas na primeira tacada. ― She always pockets two or three balls with the first strike.
- Synonym: encaçapar
- inflection of matar:
- first/third-person singular future subjunctive
- first/third-person singular personal infinitive
Conjugation
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | matar | |||||
Personal | matar | matares | matar | matarmos | matardes | matarem |
Gerund | ||||||
matando | ||||||
Short past participle | ||||||
Masculine | morto1 | mortos1 | ||||
Feminine | morta1 | mortas1 | ||||
Long past participle | ||||||
Masculine | matado2 | matados2 | ||||
Feminine | matada2 | matadas2 | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | mato | matas | mata | matamos | matais | matam |
Imperfect | matava | matavas | matava | matávamos | matáveis | matavam |
Preterite | matei | mataste | matou | matamos3, matámos4 | matastes | mataram |
Pluperfect | matara | mataras | matara | matáramos | matáreis | mataram |
Future | matarei | matarás | matará | mataremos | matareis | matarão |
Conditional | ||||||
mataria | matarias | mataria | mataríamos | mataríeis | matariam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | mate | mates | mate | matemos | mateis | matem |
Imperfect | matasse | matasses | matasse | matássemos | matásseis | matassem |
Future | matar | matares | matar | matarmos | matardes | matarem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | mata | mate | matemos | matai | matem | |
Negative (não) | não mates | não mate | não matemos | não mateis | não matem |
1Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar.
2Usually used with auxiliary verbs haver and ter.
3Brazil.
4Portugal.
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:matar.
Synonyms
- (to commit suicide): suicidar
Derived terms
- matador
- matadouro, matadoiro
- matança
References
- 1932, Antenor Nascentes, Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa.
Further reading
- “matar” in iDicionário Aulete.
- “matar” in Dicionário inFormal.
- “matar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
- “matar” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2023.
- “matar” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
- “matar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mâtar/
- Hyphenation: ma‧tar
Noun
mȁtar m (Cyrillic spelling ма̏тар)
- Alternative form of mȍtar (“sea fennel”)
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | matar | matri |
genitive | matra | matara |
dative | matru | matrima |
accusative | matar | matre |
vocative | matre | matri |
locative | matru | matrima |
instrumental | matrom | matrima |
Spanish
Alternative forms
- amatar (obsolete)
Etymology
Several possibilities:
- From Latin mactō (through a Vulgar Latin *mattō). Thus, a potential cognate with English mactate.[1]
- From Vulgar Latin *mattō, from Late Latin mattus (“drunk, intoxicated”), related to madidus. Compare Portuguese and Catalan matar, archaic Italian mattare.[2]
- From Spanish mazar, in turn from maza (‘mace’, ‘club’) , compare Italian ammazzare, ‘to kill’.
- From Arabic مَاتَ (māta, “to die”), cf. Persian مات, the probable source of the second part of English checkmate.[3]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /maˈtaɾ/ [maˈt̪aɾ]
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: ma‧tar
Verb
matar (first-person singular present mato, first-person singular preterite maté, past participle matado)
- to kill, slay
- to put out, extinguish (a flame or light)
- Synonyms: extinguir, apagar
- to butcher
- to injure, damage
- Synonyms: dañar, enfermar
- to fatigue, exhaust, tire out
- Synonyms: fatigar, cansar
- to dull (render dim or obscure; to sully; to tarnish)
- Synonyms: apagar, deslustrar, opacar
- to round off
- to ruin
- Synonym: arruinar
- (colloquial) to kill (to annoy)
- Synonyms: incomodar, molestar
- (colloquial) to kill (to get mad at)
- (colloquial) to kill (to amaze, exceed, stun)
- Synonyms: sorprender, asombrar
- (colloquial) to beat (to be better than)
- to postmark
- Synonym: matasellar
- (reflexive) to kill oneself, to commit suicide
- (reflexive) to be killed, to meet one’s death
- (reflexive) to become galled, to become chafed, to get sores (said of horses)
- (reflexive) to wear oneself out
Conjugation
infinitive | matar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | matando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | matado | matada | |||||
plural | matados | matadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | mato | matastú matásvos | mata | matamos | matáis | matan | |
imperfect | mataba | matabas | mataba | matábamos | matabais | mataban | |
preterite | maté | mataste | mató | matamos | matasteis | mataron | |
future | mataré | matarás | matará | mataremos | mataréis | matarán | |
conditional | mataría | matarías | mataría | mataríamos | mataríais | matarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | mate | matestú matésvos2 | mate | matemos | matéis | maten | |
imperfect (ra) | matara | mataras | matara | matáramos | matarais | mataran | |
imperfect (se) | matase | matases | matase | matásemos | mataseis | matasen | |
future1 | matare | matares | matare | matáremos | matareis | mataren | |
imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
affirmative | matatú matávos | mate | matemos | matad | maten | ||
negative | no mates | no mate | no matemos | no matéis | no maten |
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive matar | |||||||
dative | matarme | matarte | matarle, matarse | matarnos | mataros | matarles, matarse | |
accusative | matarme | matarte | matarlo, matarla, matarse | matarnos | mataros | matarlos, matarlas, matarse | |
with gerund matando | |||||||
dative | matándome | matándote | matándole, matándose | matándonos | matándoos | matándoles, matándose | |
accusative | matándome | matándote | matándolo, matándola, matándose | matándonos | matándoos | matándolos, matándolas, matándose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative mata | |||||||
dative | mátame | mátate | mátale | mátanos | not used | mátales | |
accusative | mátame | mátate | mátalo, mátala | mátanos | not used | mátalos, mátalas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative matá | |||||||
dative | matame | matate | matale | matanos | not used | matales | |
accusative | matame | matate | matalo, matala | matanos | not used | matalos, matalas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative mate | |||||||
dative | máteme | not used | mátele, mátese | mátenos | not used | máteles | |
accusative | máteme | not used | mátelo, mátela, mátese | mátenos | not used | mátelos, mátelas | |
with first-person plural imperative matemos | |||||||
dative | not used | matémoste | matémosle | matémonos | matémoos | matémosles | |
accusative | not used | matémoste | matémoslo, matémosla | matémonos | matémoos | matémoslos, matémoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative matad | |||||||
dative | matadme | not used | matadle | matadnos | mataos | matadles | |
accusative | matadme | not used | matadlo, matadla | matadnos | mataos | matadlos, matadlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative maten | |||||||
dative | mátenme | not used | mátenle | mátennos | not used | mátenles, mátense | |
accusative | mátenme | not used | mátenlo, mátenla | mátennos | not used | mátenlos, mátenlas, mátense |
Derived terms
- aquí te pillo, aquí te mato
- cada quien tiene su manera de matar pulgas
- la curiosidad mató al gato
- lo que no mata, engorda
- matabichos
- mataburros
- matacandelas
- matacucarachas
- matadero
- matado
- matador
- matadura
- matahombres
- matahormigas
- Matajudíos
- Matamoros
- matamoros
- matamoscas
- matanza
- matapolicías
- matar al mensajero
- matar dos pájaros de un tiro
- matar el hambre
- matarratas
- matarratones
- matasanos
- matasellos
- matasuegras
- matavenados
- mataviejos
- matón
- mató tunco tu tata
- por un perro que maté, mataperros me llamaron
- quien a hierro mata, a hierro muere
- rematar
- si la mirada matara
- tanto peca el que mata a la vaca como el que le agarra la pata
Related terms
- matarse
- matarife
References
- Posner, ‘The Romance Languages’, p. 321.
- Edward A. Roberts.
- Posner, ‘The Romance Languages’, p. 321. Edward A. Roberts.
Further reading
- “matar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish
Verb
matar
- present tense of mata.
Anagrams
- Marta, ramat