marteler
French
Etymology
From Old French marteler. Compare to English martel, Dutch martelen.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /maʁ.tə.le/
Audio (file)
Verb
marteler
- (transitive) to strike with a hammer; to hammer
- (transitive) to shape or forge with a hammer
- 2014, Thierry Declecq, Mémoires d'un tas de charbon
- De retour dans son atelier, il inspecta pour la mille et unième fois les lettres qu'il avait si langoureusement martelées.
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 2014, Thierry Declecq, Mémoires d'un tas de charbon
- (transitive) to emphasise individual elements such as words or notes
- (transitive) to repeat insistently
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated mostly like the regular -er verbs (parler and chanter and so on), but the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-. For example, in the third-person singular present indicative, we have il martèle rather than *il martele. Other verbs conjugated this way include lever and mener. Related but distinct conjugations include those of appeler and préférer.
Conjugation of marteler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | marteler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | martelant /maʁ.tə.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | martelé /maʁ.tə.le/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | martèle /maʁ.tɛl/ | martèles /maʁ.tɛl/ | martèle /maʁ.tɛl/ | martelons /maʁ.tə.lɔ̃/ | martelez /maʁ.tə.le/ | martèlent /maʁ.tɛl/ |
| imperfect | martelais /maʁ.tə.lɛ/ | martelais /maʁ.tə.lɛ/ | martelait /maʁ.tə.lɛ/ | martelions /maʁ.tə.ljɔ̃/ | marteliez /maʁ.tə.lje/ | martelaient /maʁ.tə.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | martelai /maʁ.tə.le/ | martelas /maʁ.tə.la/ | martela /maʁ.tə.la/ | martelâmes /maʁ.tə.lam/ | martelâtes /maʁ.tə.lat/ | martelèrent /maʁ.tə.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | martèlerai /maʁ.tɛl.ʁe/ | martèleras /maʁ.tɛl.ʁa/ | martèlera /maʁ.tɛl.ʁa/ | martèlerons /maʁ.tɛl.ʁɔ̃/ | martèlerez /maʁ.tɛl.ʁe/ | martèleront /maʁ.tɛl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | martèlerais /maʁ.tɛl.ʁɛ/ | martèlerais /maʁ.tɛl.ʁɛ/ | martèlerait /maʁ.tɛl.ʁɛ/ | martèlerions /maʁ.tɛ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /maʁ.te.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ | martèleriez /maʁ.tɛ.lə.ʁje/ or /maʁ.te.lə.ʁje/ | martèleraient /maʁ.tɛl.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | martèle /maʁ.tɛl/ | martèles /maʁ.tɛl/ | martèle /maʁ.tɛl/ | martelions /maʁ.tə.ljɔ̃/ | marteliez /maʁ.tə.lje/ | martèlent /maʁ.tɛl/ |
| imperfect2 | martelasse /maʁ.tə.las/ | martelasses /maʁ.tə.las/ | martelât /maʁ.tə.la/ | martelassions /maʁ.tə.la.sjɔ̃/ | martelassiez /maʁ.tə.la.sje/ | martelassent /maʁ.tə.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | martèle /maʁ.tɛl/ | — | martelons /maʁ.tə.lɔ̃/ | martelez /maʁ.tə.le/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “marteler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French
Etymology
martel + -er
Verb
marteler
- to strike with a hammer; to hammer
- to shape or forge with a hammer
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-els, *-elt are modified to eaus, eaut. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of marteler (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | marteler | avoir martelé | |||||
| gerund | en martelant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | martelant | ||||||
| past participle | martelé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | martel | marteles | martele | martelons | martelez | martelent |
| imperfect | marteloie, marteleie, marteloe, marteleve | marteloies, marteleies, marteloes, marteleves | marteloit, marteleit, martelot, marteleve | marteliiens, marteliens | marteliiez, marteliez | marteloient, marteleient, marteloent, martelevent | |
| preterite | martelai | martelas | martela | martelames | martelastes | martelerent | |
| future | martelerai | marteleras | martelera | martelerons | marteleroiz, martelereiz, martelerez | marteleront | |
| conditional | marteleroie, martelereie | marteleroies, martelereies | marteleroit, martelereit | marteleriiens, marteleriens | marteleriiez, marteleriez | marteleroient, martelereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | martel | marteaus | marteaut | martelons | martelez | martelent |
| imperfect | martelasse | martelasses | martelast | martelissons, martelissiens | martelissoiz, martelissez, martelissiez | martelassent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | martele | — | martelons | martelez | — | ||
Descendants
- French: marteler