manuteneo
Latin
Alternative forms
- manu teneo
Etymology
Univerbation of manū (“in/by the hand”) + teneō (“to hold”), one of the meanings being "to hold fast". Appears to underlie numerous Western Romance forms, but unknown in southern varieties and not attested in this use until the 11th century, therefore likely to be a calque of the Romance forms themselves.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ma.nuːˈte.ne.oː/, [mänuːˈt̪ɛneoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ma.nuˈte.ne.o/, [mänuˈt̪ɛːneo]
Verb
manūteneō (present infinitive manūtenēre, perfect active manūtenuī, supine manūtentum); second conjugation
(Medieval Latin)
- to support, uphold, maintain
- to carry on, continue
- to keep, preserve
- to hold in custody, detain
Conjugation
Conjugation of manūteneō (second conjugation) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | manūteneō | manūtenēs | manūtenet | manūtenēmus | manūtenētis | manūtenent |
imperfect | manūtenēbam | manūtenēbās | manūtenēbat | manūtenēbāmus | manūtenēbātis | manūtenēbant | |
future | manūtenēbō | manūtenēbis | manūtenēbit | manūtenēbimus | manūtenēbitis | manūtenēbunt | |
perfect | manūtenuī | manūtenuistī | manūtenuit | manūtenuimus | manūtenuistis | manūtenuērunt, manūtenuēre | |
pluperfect | manūtenueram | manūtenuerās | manūtenuerat | manūtenuerāmus | manūtenuerātis | manūtenuerant | |
future perfect | manūtenuerō | manūtenueris | manūtenuerit | manūtenuerimus | manūtenueritis | manūtenuerint | |
passive | present | manūteneor | manūtenēris, manūtenēre | manūtenētur | manūtenēmur | manūtenēminī | manūtenentur |
imperfect | manūtenēbar | manūtenēbāris, manūtenēbāre | manūtenēbātur | manūtenēbāmur | manūtenēbāminī | manūtenēbantur | |
future | manūtenēbor | manūtenēberis, manūtenēbere | manūtenēbitur | manūtenēbimur | manūtenēbiminī | manūtenēbuntur | |
perfect | manūtentus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | manūtentus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | manūtentus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | manūteneam | manūteneās | manūteneat | manūteneāmus | manūteneātis | manūteneant |
imperfect | manūtenērem | manūtenērēs | manūtenēret | manūtenērēmus | manūtenērētis | manūtenērent | |
perfect | manūtenuerim | manūtenuerīs | manūtenuerit | manūtenuerīmus | manūtenuerītis | manūtenuerint | |
pluperfect | manūtenuissem | manūtenuissēs | manūtenuisset | manūtenuissēmus | manūtenuissētis | manūtenuissent | |
passive | present | manūtenear | manūteneāris, manūteneāre | manūteneātur | manūteneāmur | manūteneāminī | manūteneantur |
imperfect | manūtenērer | manūtenērēris, manūtenērēre | manūtenērētur | manūtenērēmur | manūtenērēminī | manūtenērentur | |
perfect | manūtentus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | manūtentus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | manūtenē | — | — | manūtenēte | — |
future | — | manūtenētō | manūtenētō | — | manūtenētōte | manūtenentō | |
passive | present | — | manūtenēre | — | — | manūtenēminī | — |
future | — | manūtenētor | manūtenētor | — | — | manūtenentor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | manūtenēre | manūtenuisse | manūtentūrum esse | manūtenērī | manūtentum esse | manūtentum īrī | |
participles | manūtenēns | — | manūtentūrus | — | manūtentus | manūtenendus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
manūtenendī | manūtenendō | manūtenendum | manūtenendō | manūtentum | manūtentū |
Derived terms
- manūtentus
- manūtentor
- manūtentiō
- manūtenentia, manūtentia
- manūtenementum
Descendants
- Asturian: mantener
- Catalan: mantenir
- → Ido: mantenar
- Italian: mantenere
- Ladin: mantenir
- Occitan: manténer, mantendre
- Old French: maintenir
- French: maintenir
- → Romanian: menține
- → Middle English: mayntenen
- English: maintain
- → Cebuano: mintin, mintinar
- English: maintain
- → Middle High German: hanthaben (calque)
- German: handhaben
- → Middle Dutch: hanthaven
- Dutch: handhaven
- Afrikaans: handhaaf
- Dutch: handhaven
- French: maintenir
- Old Portuguese: manteer, mantẽer
- Galician: manter
- Portuguese: manter
- Piedmontese: manten-e
- Sicilian: manutèniri
- Spanish: mantener
- → Cebuano: mantinir
- Venetian: mantegner
References
- R. E. Latham, D. R. Howlett, & R. K. Ashdowne, editors (1975–2013), “manutenere”, in Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, →ISBN, OCLC 1369101