læce

læce

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlæː.t͡ʃe/

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *lākī, from Proto-Germanic *lēkijaz. Cognate with Old Frisian lētza, Old Saxon lāki, Old High German lāhhi, Old Norse *lækir, Gothic 𐌻𐌴𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃 (lēkeis).

Noun

lǣċe m

1. doctor (physician)
   • late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy

     Hine man sċeal lǣdan tō þām lǣċe.

     He should be taken to the doctor.

2. (in compounds) medical

Declension

Declension of læce (strong ja-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	lǣċe	lǣċas
accusative	lǣċe	lǣċas
genitive	lǣċes	lǣċa
dative	lǣċe	lǣċum

Coordinate terms

• lācnestre

Derived terms

• lācnian
• lǣċebōc
• lǣċeċist
• lǣċecræft
• lǣċedōm
• lǣċehūs
• lǣċeseax
• lǣċewyrt

 

Descendants

• Middle English: leche
  • English: leech (archaic)

Etymology 2

Probably assimilated to Etymology 1 above, by popular etymology, though its use probably predated the term for a doctor.

Of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly from a Germanic base meaning "to pluck, tear" (compare Old High German liochan (“to tear”)), evolving into "suck," ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewǵ- (“to break, tear”), see also Ancient Greek λευγαλέος (leugaléos), λυγρός (lugrós), Sanskrit रुजति (rujati, “to break open, shatter, injure, cause pain”), Latvian lauzt (“to break, fracture”).[1]

Cognate with Middle Dutch lake, leke (modern Dutch laak).

Noun

lǣċe m

1. leech

Declension

Declension of læce (strong ja-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	lǣċe	lǣċas
accusative	lǣċe	lǣċas
genitive	lǣċes	lǣċa
dative	lǣċe	lǣċum

Descendants

• Middle English: leche
  • English: leech

References

1. van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “laak”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

• John R. Clark Hall (1960), “lǣce”, in A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 4th edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, page 208