luttra
Swedish
Etymology
From Middle Low German lûtteren, from Proto-Germanic *hlūtraz. Literal sense attested since 1541, figurative sense attested since 1756. Cognate of German läutern, Danish luttre, Norwegian luttre.
Verb
luttra (present luttrar, preterite luttrade, supine luttrat, imperative luttra)
- refine
- cleanse, purify
Usage notes
Often used figuratively to describe when someone, due to adversity or misfortune, is invigorated to face new hardships.
Conjugation
Conjugation of luttra (weak)
| Active | Passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | luttra | luttras | ||
| Supine | luttrat | luttrats | ||
| Imperative | luttra | — | ||
| Imper. plural1 | luttren | — | ||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | |
| Indicative | luttrar | luttrade | luttras | luttrades |
| Ind. plural1 | luttra | luttrade | luttras | luttrades |
| Subjunctive2 | luttre | luttrade | luttres | luttrades |
| Participles | ||||
| Present participle | luttrande | |||
| Past participle | luttrad | |||
| 1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. | ||||
References
- luttra in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- luttra in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- luttra in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- lutter in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)